if conds == None: conds = {}

    assert limit == None or type(limit) == int

    assert start == None or type(start) == int

        order_by = pkey(db, table0, recover=True, table_is_esc=table_is_esc)

    if not table_is_esc: table0 = esc_name_(table0)

    # DISTINCT ON columns

    if distinct_on != []:

        query += ' DISTINCT'

            query += ' ON ('+(', '.join(map(parse_col, distinct_on)))+')'

    # Columns

        # Parse special values

        for right, left in joins.items():

                left_join = True

                # Can't use join_using because the columns being joined can have

                # different values in a LEFT JOIN.

            # Parse special values

            if left_col == None: left_col = (left_col,)

                # for None values, tuple is optional

            return cond((sql_gen.col2sql_gen(right_col, table, table_is_esc),

                sql_gen.cond2sql_gen(left_col, left_table, table_is_esc,

                    assume_col=True)))

        # Create join condition and determine join type

            # all cols w/ USING, so can use simpler USING syntax

            join_cond = 'USING ('+(', '.join(joins.iterkeys()))+')'

        else: join_cond = 'ON '+(' AND '.join(map(join, joins.iteritems())))

    labels = []

    values = []

    for value in row:

        else:

            labels.append('%s')

            values.append(value)