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# Database access
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import copy
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import re
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import sys
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import warnings
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300
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import exc
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import iters
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from Proxy import Proxy
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1872
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import rand
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862
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import strings
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131
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import util
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11
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832
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##### Exceptions
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def get_cur_query(cur):
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if hasattr(cur, 'query'): return cur.query
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elif hasattr(cur, '_last_executed'): return cur._last_executed
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else: return None
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14
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300
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def _add_cursor_info(e, cur): exc.add_msg(e, 'query: '+get_cur_query(cur))
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300
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class DbException(exc.ExceptionWithCause):
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def __init__(self, msg, cause=None, cur=None):
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exc.ExceptionWithCause.__init__(self, msg, cause)
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if cur != None: _add_cursor_info(self, cur)
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360
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class NameException(DbException): pass
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class ExceptionWithColumns(DbException):
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def __init__(self, cols, cause=None):
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DbException.__init__(self, 'columns: ' + ', '.join(cols), cause)
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self.cols = cols
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468
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class DuplicateKeyException(ExceptionWithColumns): pass
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13
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468
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class NullValueException(ExceptionWithColumns): pass
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13
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class EmptyRowException(DbException): pass
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##### Warnings
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class DbWarning(UserWarning): pass
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832
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##### Input validation
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def check_name(name):
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if re.search(r'\W', name) != None: raise NameException('Name "'+name
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+'" may contain only alphanumeric characters and _')
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643
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def esc_name(db, name):
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module = util.root_module(db.db)
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645
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if module == 'psycopg2': return name
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# Don't enclose in quotes because this disables case-insensitivity
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643
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elif module == 'MySQLdb': quote = '`'
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645
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else: raise NotImplementedError("Can't escape name for "+module+' database')
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return quote + name.replace(quote, '') + quote
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##### Database connections
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db_engines = {
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'MySQL': ('MySQLdb', {'password': 'passwd', 'database': 'db'}),
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'PostgreSQL': ('psycopg2', {}),
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}
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DatabaseErrors_set = set([DbException])
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DatabaseErrors = tuple(DatabaseErrors_set)
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def _add_module(module):
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DatabaseErrors_set.add(module.DatabaseError)
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global DatabaseErrors
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DatabaseErrors = tuple(DatabaseErrors_set)
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def db_config_str(db_config):
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return db_config['engine']+' database '+db_config['database']
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def _query_lookup(query, params): return (query, util.cast(tuple, params))
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class DbConn:
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def __init__(self, db_config, serializable=True, debug=False):
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self.db_config = db_config
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self.serializable = serializable
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self.debug = debug
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self.__db = None
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self.pkeys = {}
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self.index_cols = {}
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self.query_results = {}
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def __getattr__(self, name):
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if name == '__dict__': raise Exception('getting __dict__')
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if name == 'db': return self._db()
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else: raise AttributeError()
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def __getstate__(self):
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state = copy.copy(self.__dict__) # shallow copy
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state['_DbConn__db'] = None # don't pickle the connection
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return state
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def _db(self):
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if self.__db == None:
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# Process db_config
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db_config = self.db_config.copy() # don't modify input!
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module_name, mappings = db_engines[db_config.pop('engine')]
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module = __import__(module_name)
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_add_module(module)
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for orig, new in mappings.iteritems():
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try: util.rename_key(db_config, orig, new)
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except KeyError: pass
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# Connect
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self.__db = module.connect(**db_config)
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# Configure connection
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if self.serializable: run_raw_query(self,
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'SET TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL SERIALIZABLE')
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return self.__db
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class DbCursor(Proxy):
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def __init__(self, outer):
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Proxy.__init__(self, outer.db.cursor())
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self.outer = outer
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125 |
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self.query_lookup = None
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self.result = []
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1889
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1894
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def execute(self, query, params=None):
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self.query_lookup = _query_lookup(query, params)
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return_value = self.inner.execute(query, params)
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self.query = get_cur_query(self.inner)
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return return_value
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1891
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def fetchone(self):
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row = self.inner.fetchone()
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if row == None: # fetched all rows
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assert self.query_lookup != None
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pass #self.outer.query_results[self.query_lookup] = (self.query,
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#self.result)
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140 |
1891
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aaronmk
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else: self.result.append(row)
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return row
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142 |
1889
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aaronmk
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143 |
1891
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aaronmk
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class CacheCursor:
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1894
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aaronmk
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def __init__(self, query, result):
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self.query = query
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self.rowcount = len(result)
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self.iter = iter(result)
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148 |
1891
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aaronmk
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def fetchone(self):
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try: return self.iter.next()
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except StopIteration: return None
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1894
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aaronmk
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def run_query(self, query, params=None, cacheable=False):
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query_lookup = _query_lookup(query, params)
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try: actual_query, result = self.query_results[query_lookup]
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1891
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aaronmk
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except KeyError:
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1894
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aaronmk
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cur = self.DbCursor(self)
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try: cur.execute(query, params)
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1891
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aaronmk
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except Exception, e:
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_add_cursor_info(e, cur)
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raise
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if self.debug:
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sys.stderr.write(strings.one_line(get_cur_query(cur))+'\n')
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return cur
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1894
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aaronmk
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else: return self.CacheCursor(actual_query, result)
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166 |
1849
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aaronmk
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167 |
1869
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aaronmk
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connect = DbConn
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168 |
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169 |
832
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aaronmk
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##### Querying
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170 |
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171 |
1894
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aaronmk
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def run_raw_query(db, *args, **kw_args):
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172 |
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'''For args, see DbConn.run_query()'''
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173 |
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return db.run_query(*args, **kw_args)
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174 |
11
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aaronmk
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175 |
832
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aaronmk
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##### Recoverable querying
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176 |
15
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aaronmk
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177 |
11
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aaronmk
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def with_savepoint(db, func):
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178 |
1872
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aaronmk
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savepoint = 'savepoint_'+str(rand.rand_int()) # must be unique
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179 |
830
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aaronmk
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run_raw_query(db, 'SAVEPOINT '+savepoint)
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180 |
11
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aaronmk
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try: return_val = func()
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181 |
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except:
|
182 |
830
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aaronmk
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run_raw_query(db, 'ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT '+savepoint)
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183 |
11
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aaronmk
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raise
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184 |
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else:
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185 |
830
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aaronmk
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run_raw_query(db, 'RELEASE SAVEPOINT '+savepoint)
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186 |
11
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aaronmk
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return return_val
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187 |
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188 |
1894
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aaronmk
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def run_query(db, query, params=None, recover=None, cacheable=False):
|
189 |
830
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aaronmk
|
if recover == None: recover = False
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190 |
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191 |
1894
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aaronmk
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def run(): return run_raw_query(db, query, params, cacheable)
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192 |
830
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aaronmk
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if recover: return with_savepoint(db, run)
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193 |
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else: return run()
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194 |
|
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|
195 |
832
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aaronmk
|
##### Result retrieval
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196 |
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|
197 |
1135
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aaronmk
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def col_names(cur): return (col[0] for col in cur.description)
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198 |
832
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aaronmk
|
|
199 |
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def rows(cur): return iter(lambda: cur.fetchone(), None)
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200 |
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|
201 |
1893
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aaronmk
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def next_row(cur): return rows(cur).next()
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202 |
832
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aaronmk
|
|
203 |
1893
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aaronmk
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def row(cur):
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204 |
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row_iter = rows(cur)
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205 |
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row_ = row_iter.next()
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206 |
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iters.consume_iter(row_iter) # fetch all rows so result will be cached
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207 |
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return row_
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208 |
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209 |
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def next_value(cur): return next_row(cur)[0]
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210 |
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|
211 |
832
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aaronmk
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def value(cur): return row(cur)[0]
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212 |
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213 |
1893
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aaronmk
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def values(cur): return iters.func_iter(lambda: next_value(cur))
|
214 |
832
|
aaronmk
|
|
215 |
|
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def value_or_none(cur):
|
216 |
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try: return value(cur)
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217 |
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except StopIteration: return None
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218 |
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219 |
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##### Basic queries
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220 |
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221 |
1135
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aaronmk
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def select(db, table, fields=None, conds=None, limit=None, start=None,
|
222 |
1894
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aaronmk
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recover=None, cacheable=True):
|
223 |
1135
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aaronmk
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'''@param fields Use None to select all fields in the table'''
|
224 |
|
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if conds == None: conds = {}
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225 |
135
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aaronmk
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assert limit == None or type(limit) == int
|
226 |
865
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aaronmk
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assert start == None or type(start) == int
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227 |
15
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aaronmk
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check_name(table)
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228 |
1135
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aaronmk
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if fields != None: map(check_name, fields)
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229 |
15
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aaronmk
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map(check_name, conds.keys())
|
230 |
865
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aaronmk
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231 |
11
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aaronmk
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def cond(entry):
|
232 |
13
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aaronmk
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col, value = entry
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233 |
644
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aaronmk
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cond_ = esc_name(db, col)+' '
|
234 |
11
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aaronmk
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if value == None: cond_ += 'IS'
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235 |
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else: cond_ += '='
|
236 |
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cond_ += ' %s'
|
237 |
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return cond_
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238 |
1135
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aaronmk
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query = 'SELECT '
|
239 |
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if fields == None: query += '*'
|
240 |
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else: query += ', '.join([esc_name(db, field) for field in fields])
|
241 |
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query += ' FROM '+esc_name(db, table)
|
242 |
865
|
aaronmk
|
|
243 |
|
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missing = True
|
244 |
89
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aaronmk
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if conds != {}:
|
245 |
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query += ' WHERE '+' AND '.join(map(cond, conds.iteritems()))
|
246 |
865
|
aaronmk
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missing = False
|
247 |
|
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if limit != None: query += ' LIMIT '+str(limit); missing = False
|
248 |
|
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if start != None:
|
249 |
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if start != 0: query += ' OFFSET '+str(start)
|
250 |
|
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missing = False
|
251 |
|
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if missing: warnings.warn(DbWarning(
|
252 |
|
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'SELECT statement missing a WHERE, LIMIT, or OFFSET clause: '+query))
|
253 |
|
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|
254 |
1894
|
aaronmk
|
return run_query(db, query, conds.values(), cacheable, recover)
|
255 |
11
|
aaronmk
|
|
256 |
1554
|
aaronmk
|
def insert(db, table, row, returning=None, recover=None):
|
257 |
|
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'''@param returning str|None An inserted column (such as pkey) to return'''
|
258 |
11
|
aaronmk
|
check_name(table)
|
259 |
13
|
aaronmk
|
cols = row.keys()
|
260 |
15
|
aaronmk
|
map(check_name, cols)
|
261 |
89
|
aaronmk
|
query = 'INSERT INTO '+table
|
262 |
1554
|
aaronmk
|
|
263 |
89
|
aaronmk
|
if row != {}: query += ' ('+', '.join(cols)+') VALUES ('\
|
264 |
|
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+', '.join(['%s']*len(cols))+')'
|
265 |
|
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else: query += ' DEFAULT VALUES'
|
266 |
1554
|
aaronmk
|
|
267 |
|
|
if returning != None:
|
268 |
|
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check_name(returning)
|
269 |
|
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query += ' RETURNING '+returning
|
270 |
|
|
|
271 |
830
|
aaronmk
|
return run_query(db, query, row.values(), recover)
|
272 |
11
|
aaronmk
|
|
273 |
135
|
aaronmk
|
def last_insert_id(db):
|
274 |
1849
|
aaronmk
|
module = util.root_module(db.db)
|
275 |
135
|
aaronmk
|
if module == 'psycopg2': return value(run_query(db, 'SELECT lastval()'))
|
276 |
|
|
elif module == 'MySQLdb': return db.insert_id()
|
277 |
|
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else: return None
|
278 |
13
|
aaronmk
|
|
279 |
832
|
aaronmk
|
def truncate(db, table):
|
280 |
|
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check_name(table)
|
281 |
869
|
aaronmk
|
return run_raw_query(db, 'TRUNCATE '+table+' CASCADE')
|
282 |
832
|
aaronmk
|
|
283 |
|
|
##### Database structure queries
|
284 |
|
|
|
285 |
1850
|
aaronmk
|
def pkey(db, table, recover=None):
|
286 |
832
|
aaronmk
|
'''Assumed to be first column in table'''
|
287 |
|
|
check_name(table)
|
288 |
1850
|
aaronmk
|
if table not in db.pkeys:
|
289 |
|
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db.pkeys[table] = col_names(run_query(db,
|
290 |
1135
|
aaronmk
|
'SELECT * FROM '+table+' LIMIT 0', recover=recover)).next()
|
291 |
1850
|
aaronmk
|
return db.pkeys[table]
|
292 |
832
|
aaronmk
|
|
293 |
853
|
aaronmk
|
def index_cols(db, table, index):
|
294 |
|
|
'''Can also use this for UNIQUE constraints, because a UNIQUE index is
|
295 |
|
|
automatically created. When you don't know whether something is a UNIQUE
|
296 |
|
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constraint or a UNIQUE index, use this function.'''
|
297 |
|
|
check_name(table)
|
298 |
|
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check_name(index)
|
299 |
1852
|
aaronmk
|
lookup = (table, index)
|
300 |
|
|
if lookup not in db.index_cols:
|
301 |
|
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module = util.root_module(db.db)
|
302 |
|
|
if module == 'psycopg2':
|
303 |
|
|
db.index_cols[lookup] = list(values(run_query(db, '''\
|
304 |
853
|
aaronmk
|
SELECT attname
|
305 |
866
|
aaronmk
|
FROM
|
306 |
|
|
(
|
307 |
|
|
SELECT attnum, attname
|
308 |
|
|
FROM pg_index
|
309 |
|
|
JOIN pg_class index ON index.oid = indexrelid
|
310 |
|
|
JOIN pg_class table_ ON table_.oid = indrelid
|
311 |
|
|
JOIN pg_attribute ON attrelid = indrelid AND attnum = ANY (indkey)
|
312 |
|
|
WHERE
|
313 |
|
|
table_.relname = %(table)s
|
314 |
|
|
AND index.relname = %(index)s
|
315 |
|
|
UNION
|
316 |
|
|
SELECT attnum, attname
|
317 |
|
|
FROM
|
318 |
|
|
(
|
319 |
|
|
SELECT
|
320 |
|
|
indrelid
|
321 |
|
|
, (regexp_matches(indexprs, E':varattno (\\\\d+)', 'g'))[1]::int
|
322 |
|
|
AS indkey
|
323 |
|
|
FROM pg_index
|
324 |
|
|
JOIN pg_class index ON index.oid = indexrelid
|
325 |
|
|
JOIN pg_class table_ ON table_.oid = indrelid
|
326 |
|
|
WHERE
|
327 |
|
|
table_.relname = %(table)s
|
328 |
|
|
AND index.relname = %(index)s
|
329 |
|
|
) s
|
330 |
|
|
JOIN pg_attribute ON attrelid = indrelid AND attnum = indkey
|
331 |
|
|
) s
|
332 |
853
|
aaronmk
|
ORDER BY attnum
|
333 |
|
|
''',
|
334 |
1852
|
aaronmk
|
{'table': table, 'index': index})))
|
335 |
|
|
else: raise NotImplementedError("Can't list index columns for "+module+
|
336 |
|
|
' database')
|
337 |
|
|
return db.index_cols[lookup]
|
338 |
853
|
aaronmk
|
|
339 |
464
|
aaronmk
|
def constraint_cols(db, table, constraint):
|
340 |
|
|
check_name(table)
|
341 |
|
|
check_name(constraint)
|
342 |
1849
|
aaronmk
|
module = util.root_module(db.db)
|
343 |
464
|
aaronmk
|
if module == 'psycopg2':
|
344 |
|
|
return list(values(run_query(db, '''\
|
345 |
|
|
SELECT attname
|
346 |
|
|
FROM pg_constraint
|
347 |
|
|
JOIN pg_class ON pg_class.oid = conrelid
|
348 |
|
|
JOIN pg_attribute ON attrelid = conrelid AND attnum = ANY (conkey)
|
349 |
|
|
WHERE
|
350 |
|
|
relname = %(table)s
|
351 |
|
|
AND conname = %(constraint)s
|
352 |
|
|
ORDER BY attnum
|
353 |
|
|
''',
|
354 |
|
|
{'table': table, 'constraint': constraint})))
|
355 |
|
|
else: raise NotImplementedError("Can't list constraint columns for "+module+
|
356 |
|
|
' database')
|
357 |
|
|
|
358 |
832
|
aaronmk
|
def tables(db):
|
359 |
1849
|
aaronmk
|
module = util.root_module(db.db)
|
360 |
832
|
aaronmk
|
if module == 'psycopg2':
|
361 |
|
|
return values(run_query(db, "SELECT tablename from pg_tables "
|
362 |
|
|
"WHERE schemaname = 'public' ORDER BY tablename"))
|
363 |
|
|
elif module == 'MySQLdb': return values(run_query(db, 'SHOW TABLES'))
|
364 |
|
|
else: raise NotImplementedError("Can't list tables for "+module+' database')
|
365 |
830
|
aaronmk
|
|
366 |
833
|
aaronmk
|
##### Database management
|
367 |
|
|
|
368 |
|
|
def empty_db(db):
|
369 |
|
|
for table in tables(db): truncate(db, table)
|
370 |
|
|
|
371 |
832
|
aaronmk
|
##### Heuristic queries
|
372 |
|
|
|
373 |
1554
|
aaronmk
|
def try_insert(db, table, row, returning=None):
|
374 |
830
|
aaronmk
|
'''Recovers from errors'''
|
375 |
1554
|
aaronmk
|
try: return insert(db, table, row, returning, recover=True)
|
376 |
46
|
aaronmk
|
except Exception, e:
|
377 |
|
|
msg = str(e)
|
378 |
465
|
aaronmk
|
match = re.search(r'duplicate key value violates unique constraint '
|
379 |
|
|
r'"(([^\W_]+)_[^"]+)"', msg)
|
380 |
|
|
if match:
|
381 |
|
|
constraint, table = match.groups()
|
382 |
854
|
aaronmk
|
try: cols = index_cols(db, table, constraint)
|
383 |
465
|
aaronmk
|
except NotImplementedError: raise e
|
384 |
851
|
aaronmk
|
else: raise DuplicateKeyException(cols, e)
|
385 |
13
|
aaronmk
|
match = re.search(r'null value in column "(\w+)" violates not-null '
|
386 |
|
|
'constraint', msg)
|
387 |
470
|
aaronmk
|
if match: raise NullValueException([match.group(1)], e)
|
388 |
13
|
aaronmk
|
raise # no specific exception raised
|
389 |
11
|
aaronmk
|
|
390 |
471
|
aaronmk
|
def put(db, table, row, pkey, row_ct_ref=None):
|
391 |
1554
|
aaronmk
|
'''Recovers from errors.
|
392 |
|
|
Only works under PostgreSQL (uses `INSERT ... RETURNING`)'''
|
393 |
471
|
aaronmk
|
try:
|
394 |
1554
|
aaronmk
|
cur = try_insert(db, table, row, pkey)
|
395 |
|
|
if row_ct_ref != None and cur.rowcount >= 0:
|
396 |
|
|
row_ct_ref[0] += cur.rowcount
|
397 |
|
|
return value(cur)
|
398 |
471
|
aaronmk
|
except DuplicateKeyException, e:
|
399 |
1069
|
aaronmk
|
return value(select(db, table, [pkey],
|
400 |
|
|
util.dict_subset_right_join(row, e.cols), recover=True))
|
401 |
471
|
aaronmk
|
|
402 |
473
|
aaronmk
|
def get(db, table, row, pkey, row_ct_ref=None, create=False):
|
403 |
830
|
aaronmk
|
'''Recovers from errors'''
|
404 |
|
|
try: return value(select(db, table, [pkey], row, 1, recover=True))
|
405 |
14
|
aaronmk
|
except StopIteration:
|
406 |
40
|
aaronmk
|
if not create: raise
|
407 |
471
|
aaronmk
|
return put(db, table, row, pkey, row_ct_ref) # insert new row
|