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1 11 aaronmk
# Database access
2
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import copy
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import re
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import time
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import warnings
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import exc
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import dicts
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import iters
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import lists
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import profiling
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from Proxy import Proxy
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import rand
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import sql_gen
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import strings
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import util
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##### Exceptions
20
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def get_cur_query(cur, input_query=None):
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    raw_query = None
23
    if hasattr(cur, 'query'): raw_query = cur.query
24
    elif hasattr(cur, '_last_executed'): raw_query = cur._last_executed
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26
    if raw_query != None: return raw_query
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    else: return '[input] '+strings.ustr(input_query)
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def _add_cursor_info(e, *args, **kw_args):
30
    '''For params, see get_cur_query()'''
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    exc.add_msg(e, 'query: '+strings.ustr(get_cur_query(*args, **kw_args)))
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class DbException(exc.ExceptionWithCause):
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    def __init__(self, msg, cause=None, cur=None):
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        exc.ExceptionWithCause.__init__(self, msg, cause, cause_newline=True)
36 14 aaronmk
        if cur != None: _add_cursor_info(self, cur)
37
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class ExceptionWithName(DbException):
39
    def __init__(self, name, cause=None):
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        DbException.__init__(self, 'for name: '+strings.as_tt(str(name)), cause)
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        self.name = name
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class ExceptionWithValue(DbException):
44
    def __init__(self, value, cause=None):
45
        DbException.__init__(self, 'for value: '+strings.as_tt(repr(value)),
46
            cause)
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        self.value = value
48
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class ExceptionWithNameType(DbException):
50
    def __init__(self, type_, name, cause=None):
51
        DbException.__init__(self, 'for type: '+strings.as_tt(str(type_))
52
            +'; name: '+strings.as_tt(name), cause)
53
        self.type = type_
54
        self.name = name
55
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class ConstraintException(DbException):
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    def __init__(self, name, cond, cols, cause=None):
58
        msg = 'Violated '+strings.as_tt(name)+' constraint'
59
        if cond != None: msg += ' with condition '+cond
60
        if cols != []: msg += ' on columns: '+strings.as_tt(', '.join(cols))
61
        DbException.__init__(self, msg, cause)
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        self.name = name
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        self.cond = cond
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        self.cols = cols
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class MissingCastException(DbException):
67
    def __init__(self, type_, col, cause=None):
68
        DbException.__init__(self, 'Missing cast to type '+strings.as_tt(type_)
69
            +' on column: '+strings.as_tt(col), cause)
70
        self.type = type_
71
        self.col = col
72
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class NameException(DbException): pass
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class DuplicateKeyException(ConstraintException): pass
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class NullValueException(ConstraintException): pass
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class CheckException(ConstraintException): pass
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class InvalidValueException(ExceptionWithValue): pass
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class DuplicateException(ExceptionWithNameType): pass
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class DoesNotExistException(ExceptionWithNameType): pass
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87 89 aaronmk
class EmptyRowException(DbException): pass
88
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##### Warnings
90
91
class DbWarning(UserWarning): pass
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##### Result retrieval
94
95
def col_names(cur): return (col[0] for col in cur.description)
96
97
def rows(cur): return iter(lambda: cur.fetchone(), None)
98
99
def consume_rows(cur):
100
    '''Used to fetch all rows so result will be cached'''
101
    iters.consume_iter(rows(cur))
102
103
def next_row(cur): return rows(cur).next()
104
105
def row(cur):
106
    row_ = next_row(cur)
107
    consume_rows(cur)
108
    return row_
109
110
def next_value(cur): return next_row(cur)[0]
111
112
def value(cur): return row(cur)[0]
113
114
def values(cur): return iters.func_iter(lambda: next_value(cur))
115
116
def value_or_none(cur):
117
    try: return value(cur)
118
    except StopIteration: return None
119
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##### Escaping
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def esc_name_by_module(module, name):
123
    if module == 'psycopg2' or module == None: quote = '"'
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    elif module == 'MySQLdb': quote = '`'
125
    else: raise NotImplementedError("Can't escape name for "+module+' database')
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    return sql_gen.esc_name(name, quote)
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128
def esc_name_by_engine(engine, name, **kw_args):
129
    return esc_name_by_module(db_engines[engine][0], name, **kw_args)
130
131
def esc_name(db, name, **kw_args):
132
    return esc_name_by_module(util.root_module(db.db), name, **kw_args)
133
134
def qual_name(db, schema, table):
135
    def esc_name_(name): return esc_name(db, name)
136
    table = esc_name_(table)
137
    if schema != None: return esc_name_(schema)+'.'+table
138
    else: return table
139
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##### Database connections
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db_config_names = ['engine', 'host', 'user', 'password', 'database', 'schemas']
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db_engines = {
145
    'MySQL': ('MySQLdb', {'password': 'passwd', 'database': 'db'}),
146
    'PostgreSQL': ('psycopg2', {}),
147
}
148
149
DatabaseErrors_set = set([DbException])
150
DatabaseErrors = tuple(DatabaseErrors_set)
151
152
def _add_module(module):
153
    DatabaseErrors_set.add(module.DatabaseError)
154
    global DatabaseErrors
155
    DatabaseErrors = tuple(DatabaseErrors_set)
156
157
def db_config_str(db_config):
158
    return db_config['engine']+' database '+db_config['database']
159
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log_debug_none = lambda msg, level=2: None
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class DbConn:
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    def __init__(self, db_config, autocommit=True, caching=True,
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        log_debug=log_debug_none, debug_temp=False, src=None):
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        '''
166
        @param debug_temp Whether temporary objects should instead be permanent.
167
            This assists in debugging the internal objects used by the program.
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        @param src In autocommit mode, will be included in a comment in every
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            query, to help identify the data source in pg_stat_activity.
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        '''
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        self.db_config = db_config
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        self.autocommit = autocommit
173
        self.caching = caching
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        self.log_debug = log_debug
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        self.debug = log_debug != log_debug_none
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        self.debug_temp = debug_temp
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        self.src = src
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        self.autoanalyze = False
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        self.autoexplain = False
180
        self.profile_row_ct = None
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        self._savepoint = 0
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        self._reset()
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185
    def __getattr__(self, name):
186
        if name == '__dict__': raise Exception('getting __dict__')
187
        if name == 'db': return self._db()
188
        else: raise AttributeError()
189
190
    def __getstate__(self):
191
        state = copy.copy(self.__dict__) # shallow copy
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        state['log_debug'] = None # don't pickle the debug callback
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        state['_DbConn__db'] = None # don't pickle the connection
194
        return state
195
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    def clear_cache(self): self.query_results = {}
197
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    def _reset(self):
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        self.clear_cache()
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        assert self._savepoint == 0
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        self._notices_seen = set()
202
        self.__db = None
203
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    def connected(self): return self.__db != None
205
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    def close(self):
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        if not self.connected(): return
208
209 3135 aaronmk
        # Record that the automatic transaction is now closed
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        self._savepoint -= 1
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        self.db.close()
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        self._reset()
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    def reconnect(self):
216
        # Do not do this in test mode as it would roll back everything
217
        if self.autocommit: self.close()
218
        # Connection will be reopened automatically on first query
219
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    def _db(self):
221
        if self.__db == None:
222
            # Process db_config
223
            db_config = self.db_config.copy() # don't modify input!
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            schemas = db_config.pop('schemas', None)
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            module_name, mappings = db_engines[db_config.pop('engine')]
226
            module = __import__(module_name)
227
            _add_module(module)
228
            for orig, new in mappings.iteritems():
229
                try: util.rename_key(db_config, orig, new)
230
                except KeyError: pass
231
232
            # Connect
233
            self.__db = module.connect(**db_config)
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            # Record that a transaction is already open
236
            self._savepoint += 1
237
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            # Configure connection
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            if hasattr(self.db, 'set_isolation_level'):
240
                import psycopg2.extensions
241
                self.db.set_isolation_level(
242
                    psycopg2.extensions.ISOLATION_LEVEL_READ_COMMITTED)
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            if schemas != None:
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                search_path = [self.esc_name(s) for s in schemas.split(',')]
245
                search_path.append(value(run_query(self, 'SHOW search_path',
246
                    log_level=4)))
247
                run_query(self, 'SET search_path TO '+(','.join(search_path)),
248
                    log_level=3)
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250
        return self.__db
251 1889 aaronmk
252 1891 aaronmk
    class DbCursor(Proxy):
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        def __init__(self, outer):
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            Proxy.__init__(self, outer.db.cursor())
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            self.outer = outer
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            self.query_results = outer.query_results
257 1894 aaronmk
            self.query_lookup = None
258 1891 aaronmk
            self.result = []
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260 2802 aaronmk
        def execute(self, query):
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            self._is_insert = query.startswith('INSERT')
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            self.query_lookup = query
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            try:
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                try: cur = self.inner.execute(query)
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                finally: self.query = get_cur_query(self.inner, query)
266 1904 aaronmk
            except Exception, e:
267
                self.result = e # cache the exception as the result
268
                self._cache_result()
269
                raise
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271
            # Always cache certain queries
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            query = sql_gen.lstrip(query)
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            if query.startswith('CREATE') or query.startswith('ALTER'):
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                # structural changes
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                # Rest of query must be unique in the face of name collisions,
276
                # so don't cache ADD COLUMN unless it has distinguishing comment
277
                if query.find('ADD COLUMN') < 0 or query.endswith('*/'):
278 3007 aaronmk
                    self._cache_result()
279 3004 aaronmk
            elif self.rowcount == 0 and query.startswith('SELECT'): # empty
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                consume_rows(self) # fetch all rows so result will be cached
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            return cur
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        def fetchone(self):
285
            row = self.inner.fetchone()
286 1899 aaronmk
            if row != None: self.result.append(row)
287
            # otherwise, fetched all rows
288 1904 aaronmk
            else: self._cache_result()
289
            return row
290
291
        def _cache_result(self):
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            # For inserts that return a result set, don't cache result set since
293
            # inserts are not idempotent. Other non-SELECT queries don't have
294
            # their result set read, so only exceptions will be cached (an
295
            # invalid query will always be invalid).
296 1930 aaronmk
            if self.query_results != None and (not self._is_insert
297 1906 aaronmk
                or isinstance(self.result, Exception)):
298
299 1894 aaronmk
                assert self.query_lookup != None
300 1916 aaronmk
                self.query_results[self.query_lookup] = self.CacheCursor(
301
                    util.dict_subset(dicts.AttrsDictView(self),
302
                    ['query', 'result', 'rowcount', 'description']))
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304 1916 aaronmk
        class CacheCursor:
305
            def __init__(self, cached_result): self.__dict__ = cached_result
306
307 1927 aaronmk
            def execute(self, *args, **kw_args):
308 1916 aaronmk
                if isinstance(self.result, Exception): raise self.result
309
                # otherwise, result is a rows list
310
                self.iter = iter(self.result)
311
312
            def fetchone(self):
313
                try: return self.iter.next()
314
                except StopIteration: return None
315 1891 aaronmk
316 2212 aaronmk
    def esc_value(self, value):
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        try: str_ = self.mogrify('%s', [value])
318
        except NotImplementedError, e:
319
            module = util.root_module(self.db)
320
            if module == 'MySQLdb':
321
                import _mysql
322
                str_ = _mysql.escape_string(value)
323
            else: raise e
324 2374 aaronmk
        return strings.to_unicode(str_)
325 2212 aaronmk
326 2347 aaronmk
    def esc_name(self, name): return esc_name(self, name) # calls global func
327
328 2814 aaronmk
    def std_code(self, str_):
329
        '''Standardizes SQL code.
330
        * Ensures that string literals are prefixed by `E`
331
        '''
332
        if str_.startswith("'"): str_ = 'E'+str_
333
        return str_
334
335 2665 aaronmk
    def can_mogrify(self):
336 2663 aaronmk
        module = util.root_module(self.db)
337 2665 aaronmk
        return module == 'psycopg2'
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339 2665 aaronmk
    def mogrify(self, query, params=None):
340
        if self.can_mogrify(): return self.db.cursor().mogrify(query, params)
341
        else: raise NotImplementedError("Can't mogrify query")
342
343 2671 aaronmk
    def print_notices(self):
344 2725 aaronmk
        if hasattr(self.db, 'notices'):
345
            for msg in self.db.notices:
346
                if msg not in self._notices_seen:
347
                    self._notices_seen.add(msg)
348
                    self.log_debug(msg, level=2)
349 2671 aaronmk
350 2793 aaronmk
    def run_query(self, query, cacheable=False, log_level=2,
351 2464 aaronmk
        debug_msg_ref=None):
352 2445 aaronmk
        '''
353 2464 aaronmk
        @param log_ignore_excs The log_level will be increased by 2 if the query
354
            throws one of these exceptions.
355 2664 aaronmk
        @param debug_msg_ref If specified, the log message will be returned in
356
            this instead of being output. This allows you to filter log messages
357
            depending on the result of the query.
358 2445 aaronmk
        '''
359 2167 aaronmk
        assert query != None
360
361 3183 aaronmk
        if self.autocommit and self.src != None:
362 3206 aaronmk
            query = sql_gen.esc_comment(self.src)+'\t'+query
363 3183 aaronmk
364 2047 aaronmk
        if not self.caching: cacheable = False
365 1903 aaronmk
        used_cache = False
366 2664 aaronmk
367 3242 aaronmk
        if self.debug:
368
            profiler = profiling.ItersProfiler(start_now=True, iter_text='row')
369 1903 aaronmk
        try:
370 1927 aaronmk
            # Get cursor
371
            if cacheable:
372 3238 aaronmk
                try: cur = self.query_results[query]
373 1927 aaronmk
                except KeyError: cur = self.DbCursor(self)
374 3238 aaronmk
                else: used_cache = True
375 1927 aaronmk
            else: cur = self.db.cursor()
376
377
            # Run query
378 3238 aaronmk
            try: cur.execute(query)
379 3162 aaronmk
            except Exception, e:
380
                _add_cursor_info(e, self, query)
381
                raise
382 3238 aaronmk
            else: self.do_autocommit()
383 1903 aaronmk
        finally:
384 3242 aaronmk
            if self.debug:
385 3244 aaronmk
                profiler.stop(self.profile_row_ct)
386 3242 aaronmk
387
                ## Log or return query
388
389 3239 aaronmk
                query = str(get_cur_query(cur, query))
390 3281 aaronmk
                # Put the src comment on a separate line in the log file
391
                query = query.replace('\t', '\n', 1)
392 3239 aaronmk
393 3240 aaronmk
                msg = 'DB query: '
394 3239 aaronmk
395 3240 aaronmk
                if used_cache: msg += 'cache hit'
396
                elif cacheable: msg += 'cache miss'
397
                else: msg += 'non-cacheable'
398 3239 aaronmk
399 3241 aaronmk
                msg += ':\n'+profiler.msg()+'\n'+strings.as_code(query, 'SQL')
400 3240 aaronmk
401 3237 aaronmk
                if debug_msg_ref != None: debug_msg_ref[0] = msg
402
                else: self.log_debug(msg, log_level)
403 3245 aaronmk
404
                self.print_notices()
405 1903 aaronmk
406
        return cur
407 1914 aaronmk
408 2797 aaronmk
    def is_cached(self, query): return query in self.query_results
409 2139 aaronmk
410 2907 aaronmk
    def with_autocommit(self, func):
411 2801 aaronmk
        import psycopg2.extensions
412
413
        prev_isolation_level = self.db.isolation_level
414 2907 aaronmk
        self.db.set_isolation_level(
415
            psycopg2.extensions.ISOLATION_LEVEL_AUTOCOMMIT)
416 2683 aaronmk
        try: return func()
417 2801 aaronmk
        finally: self.db.set_isolation_level(prev_isolation_level)
418 2683 aaronmk
419 2139 aaronmk
    def with_savepoint(self, func):
420 3137 aaronmk
        top = self._savepoint == 0
421 2171 aaronmk
        savepoint = 'level_'+str(self._savepoint)
422 3137 aaronmk
423 3272 aaronmk
        if self.debug:
424 3273 aaronmk
            self.log_debug('Begin transaction', level=4)
425 3272 aaronmk
            profiler = profiling.ItersProfiler(start_now=True, iter_text='row')
426
427 3160 aaronmk
        # Must happen before running queries so they don't get autocommitted
428
        self._savepoint += 1
429
430 3137 aaronmk
        if top: query = 'START TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL READ COMMITTED'
431
        else: query = 'SAVEPOINT '+savepoint
432
        self.run_query(query, log_level=4)
433
        try:
434
            return func()
435
            if top: self.run_query('COMMIT', log_level=4)
436 2139 aaronmk
        except:
437 3137 aaronmk
            if top: query = 'ROLLBACK'
438
            else: query = 'ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT '+savepoint
439
            self.run_query(query, log_level=4)
440
441 2139 aaronmk
            raise
442 2930 aaronmk
        finally:
443
            # Always release savepoint, because after ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT,
444
            # "The savepoint remains valid and can be rolled back to again"
445
            # (http://www.postgresql.org/docs/8.3/static/sql-rollback-to.html).
446 3137 aaronmk
            if not top:
447
                self.run_query('RELEASE SAVEPOINT '+savepoint, log_level=4)
448 2930 aaronmk
449
            self._savepoint -= 1
450
            assert self._savepoint >= 0
451
452 3272 aaronmk
            if self.debug:
453
                profiler.stop(self.profile_row_ct)
454 3273 aaronmk
                self.log_debug('End transaction\n'+profiler.msg(), level=4)
455 3272 aaronmk
456 2930 aaronmk
            self.do_autocommit() # OK to do this after ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT
457 2191 aaronmk
458
    def do_autocommit(self):
459
        '''Autocommits if outside savepoint'''
460 3135 aaronmk
        assert self._savepoint >= 1
461
        if self.autocommit and self._savepoint == 1:
462 2924 aaronmk
            self.log_debug('Autocommitting', level=4)
463 2191 aaronmk
            self.db.commit()
464 2643 aaronmk
465 3155 aaronmk
    def col_info(self, col, cacheable=True):
466 2643 aaronmk
        table = sql_gen.Table('columns', 'information_schema')
467 3063 aaronmk
        type_ = sql_gen.Coalesce(sql_gen.Nullif(sql_gen.Col('data_type'),
468
            'USER-DEFINED'), sql_gen.Col('udt_name'))
469 3078 aaronmk
        cols = [type_, 'column_default',
470
            sql_gen.Cast('boolean', sql_gen.Col('is_nullable'))]
471 2643 aaronmk
472
        conds = [('table_name', col.table.name), ('column_name', col.name)]
473
        schema = col.table.schema
474
        if schema != None: conds.append(('table_schema', schema))
475
476 2819 aaronmk
        type_, default, nullable = row(select(self, table, cols, conds,
477 3150 aaronmk
            order_by='table_schema', limit=1, cacheable=cacheable, log_level=4))
478 2643 aaronmk
            # TODO: order_by search_path schema order
479 2819 aaronmk
        default = sql_gen.as_Code(default, self)
480
481
        return sql_gen.TypedCol(col.name, type_, default, nullable)
482 2917 aaronmk
483
    def TempFunction(self, name):
484
        if self.debug_temp: schema = None
485
        else: schema = 'pg_temp'
486
        return sql_gen.Function(name, schema)
487 1849 aaronmk
488 1869 aaronmk
connect = DbConn
489
490 832 aaronmk
##### Recoverable querying
491 15 aaronmk
492 2139 aaronmk
def with_savepoint(db, func): return db.with_savepoint(func)
493 11 aaronmk
494 2791 aaronmk
def run_query(db, query, recover=None, cacheable=False, log_level=2,
495
    log_ignore_excs=None, **kw_args):
496 2794 aaronmk
    '''For params, see DbConn.run_query()'''
497 830 aaronmk
    if recover == None: recover = False
498 2464 aaronmk
    if log_ignore_excs == None: log_ignore_excs = ()
499
    log_ignore_excs = tuple(log_ignore_excs)
500 3236 aaronmk
    debug_msg_ref = [None]
501 830 aaronmk
502 3267 aaronmk
    query = with_explain_comment(db, query)
503 3258 aaronmk
504 2148 aaronmk
    try:
505 2464 aaronmk
        try:
506 2794 aaronmk
            def run(): return db.run_query(query, cacheable, log_level,
507 2793 aaronmk
                debug_msg_ref, **kw_args)
508 2796 aaronmk
            if recover and not db.is_cached(query):
509 2464 aaronmk
                return with_savepoint(db, run)
510
            else: return run() # don't need savepoint if cached
511
        except Exception, e:
512 3095 aaronmk
            msg = strings.ustr(e.args[0])
513 3414 aaronmk
            msg = re.sub(r'^PL/Python: \w+: ', r'', msg)
514 2464 aaronmk
515 3095 aaronmk
            match = re.match(r'^duplicate key value violates unique constraint '
516 3338 aaronmk
                r'"(.+?)"', msg)
517 2464 aaronmk
            if match:
518 3338 aaronmk
                constraint, = match.groups()
519 3025 aaronmk
                cols = []
520
                if recover: # need auto-rollback to run index_cols()
521 3319 aaronmk
                    try: cols = index_cols(db, constraint)
522 3025 aaronmk
                    except NotImplementedError: pass
523 3345 aaronmk
                raise DuplicateKeyException(constraint, None, cols, e)
524 2464 aaronmk
525 3095 aaronmk
            match = re.match(r'^null value in column "(.+?)" violates not-null'
526 2464 aaronmk
                r' constraint', msg)
527 3345 aaronmk
            if match:
528
                col, = match.groups()
529
                raise NullValueException('NOT NULL', None, [col], e)
530 2464 aaronmk
531 3346 aaronmk
            match = re.match(r'^new row for relation "(.+?)" violates check '
532
                r'constraint "(.+?)"', msg)
533
            if match:
534
                table, constraint = match.groups()
535 3347 aaronmk
                constraint = sql_gen.Col(constraint, table)
536 3349 aaronmk
                cond = None
537
                if recover: # need auto-rollback to run constraint_cond()
538
                    try: cond = constraint_cond(db, constraint)
539
                    except NotImplementedError: pass
540
                raise CheckException(constraint.to_str(db), cond, [], e)
541 3346 aaronmk
542 3095 aaronmk
            match = re.match(r'^(?:invalid input (?:syntax|value)\b.*?'
543 3109 aaronmk
                r'|.+? field value out of range): "(.+?)"', msg)
544 2464 aaronmk
            if match:
545 3109 aaronmk
                value, = match.groups()
546
                raise InvalidValueException(strings.to_unicode(value), e)
547 2464 aaronmk
548 3095 aaronmk
            match = re.match(r'^column "(.+?)" is of type (.+?) but expression '
549 2523 aaronmk
                r'is of type', msg)
550
            if match:
551
                col, type_ = match.groups()
552
                raise MissingCastException(type_, col, e)
553
554 3419 aaronmk
            typed_name_re = r'^(\S+) "(.+?)"'
555
556
            match = re.match(typed_name_re+r'.*? already exists', msg)
557 2945 aaronmk
            if match:
558
                type_, name = match.groups()
559
                raise DuplicateException(type_, name, e)
560 2464 aaronmk
561 3419 aaronmk
            match = re.match(typed_name_re+r' does not exist', msg)
562
            if match:
563
                type_, name = match.groups()
564
                raise DoesNotExistException(type_, name, e)
565
566 2464 aaronmk
            raise # no specific exception raised
567
    except log_ignore_excs:
568
        log_level += 2
569
        raise
570
    finally:
571 3236 aaronmk
        if debug_msg_ref[0] != None: db.log_debug(debug_msg_ref[0], log_level)
572 830 aaronmk
573 832 aaronmk
##### Basic queries
574
575 3256 aaronmk
def is_explainable(query):
576
    # See <http://www.postgresql.org/docs/8.3/static/sql-explain.html#AEN57749>
577 3257 aaronmk
    return re.match(r'^(?:SELECT|INSERT|UPDATE|DELETE|VALUES|EXECUTE|DECLARE)\b'
578
        , query)
579 3256 aaronmk
580 3263 aaronmk
def explain(db, query, **kw_args):
581
    '''
582
    For params, see run_query().
583
    '''
584 3267 aaronmk
    kw_args.setdefault('log_level', 4)
585 3263 aaronmk
586 3256 aaronmk
    return strings.join_lines(values(run_query(db, 'EXPLAIN '+query,
587 3263 aaronmk
        recover=True, cacheable=True, **kw_args)))
588 3256 aaronmk
        # not a higher log_level because it's useful to see what query is being
589
        # run before it's executed, which EXPLAIN effectively provides
590
591 3265 aaronmk
def has_comment(query): return query.endswith('*/')
592
593
def with_explain_comment(db, query, **kw_args):
594 3269 aaronmk
    if db.autoexplain and not has_comment(query) and is_explainable(query):
595 3265 aaronmk
        query += '\n'+sql_gen.esc_comment(' EXPLAIN:\n'
596
            +explain(db, query, **kw_args))
597
    return query
598
599 2153 aaronmk
def next_version(name):
600 2163 aaronmk
    version = 1 # first existing name was version 0
601 2586 aaronmk
    match = re.match(r'^(.*)#(\d+)$', name)
602 2153 aaronmk
    if match:
603 2586 aaronmk
        name, version = match.groups()
604
        version = int(version)+1
605 2932 aaronmk
    return sql_gen.concat(name, '#'+str(version))
606 2153 aaronmk
607 2899 aaronmk
def lock_table(db, table, mode):
608
    table = sql_gen.as_Table(table)
609
    run_query(db, 'LOCK TABLE '+table.to_str(db)+' IN '+mode+' MODE')
610
611 3303 aaronmk
def run_query_into(db, query, into=None, add_pkey_=False, **kw_args):
612 2085 aaronmk
    '''Outputs a query to a temp table.
613
    For params, see run_query().
614
    '''
615 2789 aaronmk
    if into == None: return run_query(db, query, **kw_args)
616 2790 aaronmk
617
    assert isinstance(into, sql_gen.Table)
618
619 2992 aaronmk
    into.is_temp = True
620 3008 aaronmk
    # "temporary tables cannot specify a schema name", so remove schema
621
    into.schema = None
622 2992 aaronmk
623 2790 aaronmk
    kw_args['recover'] = True
624 2945 aaronmk
    kw_args.setdefault('log_ignore_excs', (DuplicateException,))
625 2790 aaronmk
626 2916 aaronmk
    temp = not db.debug_temp # tables are permanent in debug_temp mode
627 2790 aaronmk
628
    # Create table
629
    while True:
630
        create_query = 'CREATE'
631
        if temp: create_query += ' TEMP'
632
        create_query += ' TABLE '+into.to_str(db)+' AS\n'+query
633 2385 aaronmk
634 2790 aaronmk
        try:
635
            cur = run_query(db, create_query, **kw_args)
636
                # CREATE TABLE AS sets rowcount to # rows in query
637
            break
638 2945 aaronmk
        except DuplicateException, e:
639 2790 aaronmk
            into.name = next_version(into.name)
640
            # try again with next version of name
641
642 3303 aaronmk
    if add_pkey_: add_pkey(db, into)
643 3075 aaronmk
644
    # According to the PostgreSQL doc, "The autovacuum daemon cannot access and
645
    # therefore cannot vacuum or analyze temporary tables. [...] if a temporary
646
    # table is going to be used in complex queries, it is wise to run ANALYZE on
647
    # the temporary table after it is populated."
648
    # (http://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.1/static/sql-createtable.html)
649
    # If into is not a temp table, ANALYZE is useful but not required.
650 3073 aaronmk
    analyze(db, into)
651 2790 aaronmk
652
    return cur
653 2085 aaronmk
654 2120 aaronmk
order_by_pkey = object() # tells mk_select() to order by the pkey
655
656 2199 aaronmk
distinct_on_all = object() # tells mk_select() to SELECT DISTINCT ON all columns
657
658 3420 aaronmk
def mk_select(db, tables=None, fields=None, conds=None, distinct_on=[],
659
    limit=None, start=None, order_by=order_by_pkey, default_table=None):
660 1981 aaronmk
    '''
661 2121 aaronmk
    @param tables The single table to select from, or a list of tables to join
662 2280 aaronmk
        together, with tables after the first being sql_gen.Join objects
663 1981 aaronmk
    @param fields Use None to select all fields in the table
664 2377 aaronmk
    @param conds WHERE conditions: [(compare_left_side, compare_right_side),...]
665 2379 aaronmk
        * container can be any iterable type
666 2399 aaronmk
        * compare_left_side: sql_gen.Code|str (for col name)
667
        * compare_right_side: sql_gen.ValueCond|literal value
668 2199 aaronmk
    @param distinct_on The columns to SELECT DISTINCT ON, or distinct_on_all to
669
        use all columns
670 2786 aaronmk
    @return query
671 1981 aaronmk
    '''
672 2315 aaronmk
    # Parse tables param
673 2964 aaronmk
    tables = lists.mk_seq(tables)
674 2141 aaronmk
    tables = list(tables) # don't modify input! (list() copies input)
675 2315 aaronmk
    table0 = sql_gen.as_Table(tables.pop(0)) # first table is separate
676 2121 aaronmk
677 2315 aaronmk
    # Parse other params
678 2376 aaronmk
    if conds == None: conds = []
679 2650 aaronmk
    elif dicts.is_dict(conds): conds = conds.items()
680 2379 aaronmk
    conds = list(conds) # don't modify input! (list() copies input)
681 3129 aaronmk
    assert limit == None or isinstance(limit, (int, long))
682
    assert start == None or isinstance(start, (int, long))
683 2315 aaronmk
    if order_by is order_by_pkey:
684 3421 aaronmk
        if table0 == None or distinct_on != []: order_by = None
685 2315 aaronmk
        else: order_by = pkey(db, table0, recover=True)
686 865 aaronmk
687 2315 aaronmk
    query = 'SELECT'
688 2056 aaronmk
689 2315 aaronmk
    def parse_col(col): return sql_gen.as_Col(col, default_table).to_str(db)
690 2056 aaronmk
691 2200 aaronmk
    # DISTINCT ON columns
692 2233 aaronmk
    if distinct_on != []:
693 2467 aaronmk
        query += '\nDISTINCT'
694 2254 aaronmk
        if distinct_on is not distinct_on_all:
695 2200 aaronmk
            query += ' ON ('+(', '.join(map(parse_col, distinct_on)))+')'
696
697
    # Columns
698 3185 aaronmk
    if query.find('\n') >= 0: whitespace = '\n'
699
    else: whitespace = ' '
700
    if fields == None: query += whitespace+'*'
701 2765 aaronmk
    else:
702
        assert fields != []
703 3185 aaronmk
        if len(fields) > 1: whitespace = '\n'
704
        query += whitespace+('\n, '.join(map(parse_col, fields)))
705 2200 aaronmk
706
    # Main table
707 3185 aaronmk
    if query.find('\n') >= 0 or len(tables) > 0: whitespace = '\n'
708
    else: whitespace = ' '
709 3420 aaronmk
    if table0 != None: query += whitespace+'FROM '+table0.to_str(db)
710 865 aaronmk
711 2122 aaronmk
    # Add joins
712 2271 aaronmk
    left_table = table0
713 2263 aaronmk
    for join_ in tables:
714
        table = join_.table
715 2238 aaronmk
716 2343 aaronmk
        # Parse special values
717
        if join_.type_ is sql_gen.filter_out: # filter no match
718 2376 aaronmk
            conds.append((sql_gen.Col(table_not_null_col(db, table), table),
719 2853 aaronmk
                sql_gen.CompareCond(None, '~=')))
720 2343 aaronmk
721 2467 aaronmk
        query += '\n'+join_.to_str(db, left_table)
722 2122 aaronmk
723
        left_table = table
724
725 865 aaronmk
    missing = True
726 2376 aaronmk
    if conds != []:
727 2576 aaronmk
        if len(conds) == 1: whitespace = ' '
728
        else: whitespace = '\n'
729 2578 aaronmk
        query += '\n'+sql_gen.combine_conds([sql_gen.ColValueCond(l, r)
730
            .to_str(db) for l, r in conds], 'WHERE')
731 2227 aaronmk
    if order_by != None:
732 2467 aaronmk
        query += '\nORDER BY '+sql_gen.as_Col(order_by, table0).to_str(db)
733 3297 aaronmk
    if limit != None: query += '\nLIMIT '+str(limit)
734 865 aaronmk
    if start != None:
735 2467 aaronmk
        if start != 0: query += '\nOFFSET '+str(start)
736 865 aaronmk
737 3266 aaronmk
    query = with_explain_comment(db, query)
738
739 2786 aaronmk
    return query
740 11 aaronmk
741 2054 aaronmk
def select(db, *args, **kw_args):
742
    '''For params, see mk_select() and run_query()'''
743
    recover = kw_args.pop('recover', None)
744
    cacheable = kw_args.pop('cacheable', True)
745 2442 aaronmk
    log_level = kw_args.pop('log_level', 2)
746 2054 aaronmk
747 2791 aaronmk
    return run_query(db, mk_select(db, *args, **kw_args), recover, cacheable,
748
        log_level=log_level)
749 2054 aaronmk
750 2788 aaronmk
def mk_insert_select(db, table, cols=None, select_query=None, returning=None,
751 3181 aaronmk
    embeddable=False, ignore=False, src=None):
752 1960 aaronmk
    '''
753
    @param returning str|None An inserted column (such as pkey) to return
754 2070 aaronmk
    @param embeddable Whether the query should be embeddable as a nested SELECT.
755 2073 aaronmk
        Warning: If you set this and cacheable=True when the query is run, the
756
        query will be fully cached, not just if it raises an exception.
757 3009 aaronmk
    @param ignore Whether to ignore duplicate keys.
758 3181 aaronmk
    @param src Will be included in the name of any created function, to help
759
        identify the data source in pg_stat_activity.
760 1960 aaronmk
    '''
761 2754 aaronmk
    table = sql_gen.remove_table_rename(sql_gen.as_Table(table))
762 2318 aaronmk
    if cols == []: cols = None # no cols (all defaults) = unknown col names
763 3010 aaronmk
    if cols != None: cols = [sql_gen.to_name_only_col(c, table) for c in cols]
764 2063 aaronmk
    if select_query == None: select_query = 'DEFAULT VALUES'
765 2327 aaronmk
    if returning != None: returning = sql_gen.as_Col(returning, table)
766 2063 aaronmk
767 2497 aaronmk
    first_line = 'INSERT INTO '+table.to_str(db)
768 2063 aaronmk
769 3009 aaronmk
    def mk_insert(select_query):
770
        query = first_line
771 3014 aaronmk
        if cols != None:
772
            query += '\n('+(', '.join((c.to_str(db) for c in cols)))+')'
773 3009 aaronmk
        query += '\n'+select_query
774
775
        if returning != None:
776
            returning_name_col = sql_gen.to_name_only_col(returning)
777
            query += '\nRETURNING '+returning_name_col.to_str(db)
778
779
        return query
780 2063 aaronmk
781 3017 aaronmk
    return_type = 'unknown'
782
    if returning != None: return_type = returning.to_str(db)+'%TYPE'
783
784 3009 aaronmk
    if ignore:
785 3017 aaronmk
        # Always return something to set the correct rowcount
786
        if returning == None: returning = sql_gen.NamedCol('NULL', None)
787
788 3009 aaronmk
        embeddable = True # must use function
789 3010 aaronmk
790 3450 aaronmk
        if cols == None: row = [sql_gen.Col(sql_gen.all_cols, 'row')]
791
        else: row = [sql_gen.Col(c.name, 'row') for c in cols]
792 3092 aaronmk
793 3450 aaronmk
        query = sql_gen.RowExcIgnore(table.to_str(db)+'%ROWTYPE', select_query,
794 3453 aaronmk
'''\
795
RETURN QUERY
796
'''+mk_insert(sql_gen.Values(row).to_str(db))+'''
797 3462 aaronmk
;
798
'''
799 3453 aaronmk
            , cols)
800 3009 aaronmk
    else: query = mk_insert(select_query)
801
802 2070 aaronmk
    if embeddable:
803
        # Create function
804 2513 aaronmk
        function_name = sql_gen.clean_name(first_line)
805 3181 aaronmk
        if src != None: function_name = src+': '+function_name
806 2189 aaronmk
        while True:
807
            try:
808 3451 aaronmk
                func = db.TempFunction(function_name)
809
                def_ = sql_gen.FunctionDef(func, 'SETOF '+return_type, query)
810 2194 aaronmk
811 3443 aaronmk
                run_query(db, def_.to_str(db), recover=True, cacheable=True,
812 2945 aaronmk
                    log_ignore_excs=(DuplicateException,))
813 2189 aaronmk
                break # this version was successful
814 2945 aaronmk
            except DuplicateException, e:
815 2189 aaronmk
                function_name = next_version(function_name)
816
                # try again with next version of name
817 2070 aaronmk
818 2337 aaronmk
        # Return query that uses function
819 3009 aaronmk
        cols = None
820
        if returning != None: cols = [returning]
821 3451 aaronmk
        func_table = sql_gen.NamedTable('f', sql_gen.FunctionCall(func), cols)
822
            # AS clause requires function alias
823 3298 aaronmk
        return mk_select(db, func_table, order_by=None)
824 2070 aaronmk
825 2787 aaronmk
    return query
826 2066 aaronmk
827 3074 aaronmk
def insert_select(db, table, *args, **kw_args):
828 2085 aaronmk
    '''For params, see mk_insert_select() and run_query_into()
829 2386 aaronmk
    @param into sql_gen.Table with suggested name of temp table to put RETURNING
830
        values in
831 2072 aaronmk
    '''
832 3141 aaronmk
    returning = kw_args.get('returning', None)
833
    ignore = kw_args.get('ignore', False)
834
835 2386 aaronmk
    into = kw_args.pop('into', None)
836
    if into != None: kw_args['embeddable'] = True
837 2066 aaronmk
    recover = kw_args.pop('recover', None)
838 3141 aaronmk
    if ignore: recover = True
839 2066 aaronmk
    cacheable = kw_args.pop('cacheable', True)
840 2673 aaronmk
    log_level = kw_args.pop('log_level', 2)
841 2066 aaronmk
842 3141 aaronmk
    rowcount_only = ignore and returning == None # keep NULL rows on server
843
    if rowcount_only: into = sql_gen.Table('rowcount')
844
845 3074 aaronmk
    cur = run_query_into(db, mk_insert_select(db, table, *args, **kw_args),
846
        into, recover=recover, cacheable=cacheable, log_level=log_level)
847 3141 aaronmk
    if rowcount_only: empty_temp(db, into)
848 3074 aaronmk
    autoanalyze(db, table)
849
    return cur
850 2063 aaronmk
851 2738 aaronmk
default = sql_gen.default # tells insert() to use the default value for a column
852 2066 aaronmk
853 2063 aaronmk
def insert(db, table, row, *args, **kw_args):
854 2085 aaronmk
    '''For params, see insert_select()'''
855 1960 aaronmk
    if lists.is_seq(row): cols = None
856
    else:
857
        cols = row.keys()
858
        row = row.values()
859 2738 aaronmk
    row = list(row) # ensure that "== []" works
860 1960 aaronmk
861 2738 aaronmk
    if row == []: query = None
862
    else: query = sql_gen.Values(row).to_str(db)
863 1961 aaronmk
864 2788 aaronmk
    return insert_select(db, table, cols, query, *args, **kw_args)
865 11 aaronmk
866 3152 aaronmk
def mk_update(db, table, changes=None, cond=None, in_place=False,
867 3153 aaronmk
    cacheable_=True):
868 2402 aaronmk
    '''
869
    @param changes [(col, new_value),...]
870
        * container can be any iterable type
871
        * col: sql_gen.Code|str (for col name)
872
        * new_value: sql_gen.Code|literal value
873
    @param cond sql_gen.Code WHERE condition. e.g. use sql_gen.*Cond objects.
874 3056 aaronmk
    @param in_place If set, locks the table and updates rows in place.
875
        This avoids creating dead rows in PostgreSQL.
876
        * cond must be None
877 3153 aaronmk
    @param cacheable_ Whether column structure information used to generate the
878 3152 aaronmk
        query can be cached
879 2402 aaronmk
    @return str query
880
    '''
881 3057 aaronmk
    table = sql_gen.as_Table(table)
882
    changes = [(sql_gen.to_name_only_col(c, table), sql_gen.as_Value(v))
883
        for c, v in changes]
884
885 3056 aaronmk
    if in_place:
886
        assert cond == None
887 3058 aaronmk
888 3065 aaronmk
        query = 'ALTER TABLE '+table.to_str(db)+'\n'
889
        query += ',\n'.join(('ALTER COLUMN '+c.to_str(db)+' TYPE '
890 3153 aaronmk
            +db.col_info(sql_gen.with_default_table(c, table), cacheable_).type
891 3065 aaronmk
            +'\nUSING '+v.to_str(db) for c, v in changes))
892 3058 aaronmk
    else:
893
        query = 'UPDATE '+table.to_str(db)+'\nSET\n'
894
        query += ',\n'.join((c.to_str(db)+' = '+v.to_str(db)
895
            for c, v in changes))
896
        if cond != None: query += '\nWHERE\n'+cond.to_str(db)
897 3056 aaronmk
898 3266 aaronmk
    query = with_explain_comment(db, query)
899
900 2402 aaronmk
    return query
901
902 3074 aaronmk
def update(db, table, *args, **kw_args):
903 2402 aaronmk
    '''For params, see mk_update() and run_query()'''
904
    recover = kw_args.pop('recover', None)
905 3043 aaronmk
    cacheable = kw_args.pop('cacheable', False)
906 3030 aaronmk
    log_level = kw_args.pop('log_level', 2)
907 2402 aaronmk
908 3074 aaronmk
    cur = run_query(db, mk_update(db, table, *args, **kw_args), recover,
909
        cacheable, log_level=log_level)
910
    autoanalyze(db, table)
911
    return cur
912 2402 aaronmk
913 3286 aaronmk
def mk_delete(db, table, cond=None):
914
    '''
915
    @param cond sql_gen.Code WHERE condition. e.g. use sql_gen.*Cond objects.
916
    @return str query
917
    '''
918
    query = 'DELETE FROM '+table.to_str(db)
919
    if cond != None: query += '\nWHERE '+cond.to_str(db)
920
921
    query = with_explain_comment(db, query)
922
923
    return query
924
925
def delete(db, table, *args, **kw_args):
926
    '''For params, see mk_delete() and run_query()'''
927
    recover = kw_args.pop('recover', None)
928 3295 aaronmk
    cacheable = kw_args.pop('cacheable', True)
929 3286 aaronmk
    log_level = kw_args.pop('log_level', 2)
930
931
    cur = run_query(db, mk_delete(db, table, *args, **kw_args), recover,
932
        cacheable, log_level=log_level)
933
    autoanalyze(db, table)
934
    return cur
935
936 135 aaronmk
def last_insert_id(db):
937 1849 aaronmk
    module = util.root_module(db.db)
938 135 aaronmk
    if module == 'psycopg2': return value(run_query(db, 'SELECT lastval()'))
939
    elif module == 'MySQLdb': return db.insert_id()
940
    else: return None
941 13 aaronmk
942 2394 aaronmk
def mk_flatten_mapping(db, into, cols, preserve=[], as_items=False):
943 2383 aaronmk
    '''Creates a mapping from original column names (which may have collisions)
944 2415 aaronmk
    to names that will be distinct among the columns' tables.
945 2383 aaronmk
    This is meant to be used for several tables that are being joined together.
946 2415 aaronmk
    @param cols The columns to combine. Duplicates will be removed.
947
    @param into The table for the new columns.
948 2394 aaronmk
    @param preserve [sql_gen.Col...] Columns not to rename. Note that these
949
        columns will be included in the mapping even if they are not in cols.
950
        The tables of the provided Col objects will be changed to into, so make
951
        copies of them if you want to keep the original tables.
952
    @param as_items Whether to return a list of dict items instead of a dict
953 2383 aaronmk
    @return dict(orig_col=new_col, ...)
954
        * orig_col: sql_gen.Col(orig_col_name, orig_table)
955 2392 aaronmk
        * new_col: sql_gen.Col(orig_col_name, into)
956
        * All mappings use the into table so its name can easily be
957 2383 aaronmk
          changed for all columns at once
958
    '''
959 2415 aaronmk
    cols = lists.uniqify(cols)
960
961 2394 aaronmk
    items = []
962 2389 aaronmk
    for col in preserve:
963 2390 aaronmk
        orig_col = copy.copy(col)
964 2392 aaronmk
        col.table = into
965 2394 aaronmk
        items.append((orig_col, col))
966
    preserve = set(preserve)
967
    for col in cols:
968 2716 aaronmk
        if col not in preserve:
969
            items.append((col, sql_gen.Col(str(col), into, col.srcs)))
970 2394 aaronmk
971
    if not as_items: items = dict(items)
972
    return items
973 2383 aaronmk
974 2393 aaronmk
def flatten(db, into, joins, cols, limit=None, start=None, **kw_args):
975 2391 aaronmk
    '''For params, see mk_flatten_mapping()
976
    @return See return value of mk_flatten_mapping()
977
    '''
978 2394 aaronmk
    items = mk_flatten_mapping(db, into, cols, as_items=True, **kw_args)
979
    cols = [sql_gen.NamedCol(new.name, old) for old, new in items]
980 3296 aaronmk
    run_query_into(db, mk_select(db, joins, cols, order_by=None, limit=limit,
981 3305 aaronmk
        start=start), into=into, add_pkey_=True)
982 2394 aaronmk
    return dict(items)
983 2391 aaronmk
984 3079 aaronmk
##### Database structure introspection
985 2414 aaronmk
986 3321 aaronmk
#### Expressions
987
988 3353 aaronmk
bool_re = r'(?:true|false)'
989
990
def simplify_expr(expr):
991
    expr = expr.replace('(NULL IS NULL)', 'true')
992
    expr = expr.replace('(NULL IS NOT NULL)', 'false')
993
    expr = re.sub(r' OR '+bool_re, r'', expr)
994
    expr = re.sub(bool_re+r' OR ', r'', expr)
995
    while True:
996
        expr, n = re.subn(r'\((\([^()]*\))\)', r'\1', expr)
997
        if n == 0: break
998
    return expr
999
1000 3321 aaronmk
name_re = r'(?:\w+|(?:"[^"]*")+)'
1001
1002
def parse_expr_col(str_):
1003
    match = re.match(r'^\('+name_re+r'\(('+name_re+r').*\)\)$', str_)
1004
    if match: str_ = match.group(1)
1005
    return sql_gen.unesc_name(str_)
1006
1007 3351 aaronmk
def map_expr(db, expr, mapping, in_cols_found=None):
1008
    '''Replaces output columns with input columns in an expression.
1009
    @param in_cols_found If set, will be filled in with the expr's (input) cols
1010
    '''
1011
    for out, in_ in mapping.iteritems():
1012
        orig_expr = expr
1013
        out = sql_gen.to_name_only_col(out)
1014
        in_str = sql_gen.to_name_only_col(sql_gen.remove_col_rename(in_)
1015
            ).to_str(db)
1016
1017
        # Replace out both with and without quotes
1018
        expr = expr.replace(out.to_str(db), in_str)
1019
        expr = re.sub(r'\b'+out.name+r'\b', in_str, expr)
1020
1021
        if in_cols_found != None and expr != orig_expr: # replaced something
1022
            in_cols_found.append(in_)
1023 3353 aaronmk
1024
    return simplify_expr(expr)
1025 3351 aaronmk
1026 3079 aaronmk
#### Tables
1027
1028
def tables(db, schema_like='public', table_like='%', exact=False):
1029
    if exact: compare = '='
1030
    else: compare = 'LIKE'
1031
1032
    module = util.root_module(db.db)
1033
    if module == 'psycopg2':
1034
        conds = [('schemaname', sql_gen.CompareCond(schema_like, compare)),
1035
            ('tablename', sql_gen.CompareCond(table_like, compare))]
1036
        return values(select(db, 'pg_tables', ['tablename'], conds,
1037
            order_by='tablename', log_level=4))
1038
    elif module == 'MySQLdb':
1039
        return values(run_query(db, 'SHOW TABLES LIKE '+db.esc_value(table_like)
1040
            , cacheable=True, log_level=4))
1041
    else: raise NotImplementedError("Can't list tables for "+module+' database')
1042
1043
def table_exists(db, table):
1044
    table = sql_gen.as_Table(table)
1045
    return list(tables(db, table.schema, table.name, exact=True)) != []
1046
1047 2426 aaronmk
def table_row_count(db, table, recover=None):
1048 2786 aaronmk
    return value(run_query(db, mk_select(db, table, [sql_gen.row_count],
1049 3298 aaronmk
        order_by=None), recover=recover, log_level=3))
1050 2426 aaronmk
1051 2414 aaronmk
def table_cols(db, table, recover=None):
1052
    return list(col_names(select(db, table, limit=0, order_by=None,
1053 2443 aaronmk
        recover=recover, log_level=4)))
1054 2414 aaronmk
1055 2291 aaronmk
def pkey(db, table, recover=None):
1056 832 aaronmk
    '''Assumed to be first column in table'''
1057 2339 aaronmk
    return table_cols(db, table, recover)[0]
1058 832 aaronmk
1059 2559 aaronmk
not_null_col = 'not_null_col'
1060 2340 aaronmk
1061
def table_not_null_col(db, table, recover=None):
1062
    '''Name assumed to be the value of not_null_col. If not found, uses pkey.'''
1063
    if not_null_col in table_cols(db, table, recover): return not_null_col
1064
    else: return pkey(db, table, recover)
1065
1066 3348 aaronmk
def constraint_cond(db, constraint):
1067
    module = util.root_module(db.db)
1068
    if module == 'psycopg2':
1069
        table_str = sql_gen.Literal(constraint.table.to_str(db))
1070
        name_str = sql_gen.Literal(constraint.name)
1071
        return value(run_query(db, '''\
1072
SELECT consrc
1073
FROM pg_constraint
1074
WHERE
1075
conrelid = '''+table_str.to_str(db)+'''::regclass
1076
AND conname = '''+name_str.to_str(db)+'''
1077
'''
1078
            , cacheable=True, log_level=4))
1079
    else: raise NotImplementedError("Can't list index columns for "+module+
1080
        ' database')
1081
1082 3319 aaronmk
def index_cols(db, index):
1083 853 aaronmk
    '''Can also use this for UNIQUE constraints, because a UNIQUE index is
1084
    automatically created. When you don't know whether something is a UNIQUE
1085
    constraint or a UNIQUE index, use this function.'''
1086 3322 aaronmk
    index = sql_gen.as_Table(index)
1087 1909 aaronmk
    module = util.root_module(db.db)
1088
    if module == 'psycopg2':
1089 3322 aaronmk
        qual_index = sql_gen.Literal(index.to_str(db))
1090
        return map(parse_expr_col, values(run_query(db, '''\
1091
SELECT pg_get_indexdef(indexrelid, generate_series(1, indnatts), true)
1092
FROM pg_index
1093
WHERE indexrelid = '''+qual_index.to_str(db)+'''::regclass
1094 2782 aaronmk
'''
1095
            , cacheable=True, log_level=4)))
1096 1909 aaronmk
    else: raise NotImplementedError("Can't list index columns for "+module+
1097
        ' database')
1098 853 aaronmk
1099 3079 aaronmk
#### Functions
1100
1101
def function_exists(db, function):
1102 3423 aaronmk
    qual_function = sql_gen.Literal(function.to_str(db))
1103
    try:
1104 3425 aaronmk
        select(db, fields=[sql_gen.Cast('regproc', qual_function)],
1105
            recover=True, cacheable=True, log_level=4)
1106 3423 aaronmk
    except DoesNotExistException: return False
1107
    else: return True
1108 3079 aaronmk
1109
##### Structural changes
1110
1111
#### Columns
1112
1113
def add_col(db, table, col, comment=None, **kw_args):
1114
    '''
1115
    @param col TypedCol Name may be versioned, so be sure to propagate any
1116
        renaming back to any source column for the TypedCol.
1117
    @param comment None|str SQL comment used to distinguish columns of the same
1118
        name from each other when they contain different data, to allow the
1119
        ADD COLUMN query to be cached. If not set, query will not be cached.
1120
    '''
1121
    assert isinstance(col, sql_gen.TypedCol)
1122
1123
    while True:
1124
        str_ = 'ALTER TABLE '+table.to_str(db)+' ADD COLUMN '+col.to_str(db)
1125
        if comment != None: str_ += ' '+sql_gen.esc_comment(comment)
1126
1127
        try:
1128
            run_query(db, str_, recover=True, cacheable=True, **kw_args)
1129
            break
1130
        except DuplicateException:
1131
            col.name = next_version(col.name)
1132
            # try again with next version of name
1133
1134
def add_not_null(db, col):
1135
    table = col.table
1136
    col = sql_gen.to_name_only_col(col)
1137
    run_query(db, 'ALTER TABLE '+table.to_str(db)+' ALTER COLUMN '
1138
        +col.to_str(db)+' SET NOT NULL', cacheable=True, log_level=3)
1139
1140 2096 aaronmk
row_num_col = '_row_num'
1141
1142 3079 aaronmk
row_num_typed_col = sql_gen.TypedCol(row_num_col, 'serial', nullable=False,
1143
    constraints='PRIMARY KEY')
1144
1145
def add_row_num(db, table):
1146
    '''Adds a row number column to a table. Its name is in row_num_col. It will
1147
    be the primary key.'''
1148
    add_col(db, table, row_num_typed_col, log_level=3)
1149
1150
#### Indexes
1151
1152
def add_pkey(db, table, cols=None, recover=None):
1153
    '''Adds a primary key.
1154
    @param cols [sql_gen.Col,...] The columns in the primary key.
1155
        Defaults to the first column in the table.
1156
    @pre The table must not already have a primary key.
1157
    '''
1158
    table = sql_gen.as_Table(table)
1159
    if cols == None: cols = [pkey(db, table, recover)]
1160
    col_strs = [sql_gen.to_name_only_col(v).to_str(db) for v in cols]
1161
1162
    run_query(db, 'ALTER TABLE '+table.to_str(db)+' ADD PRIMARY KEY ('
1163
        +(', '.join(col_strs))+')', recover=True, cacheable=True, log_level=3,
1164
        log_ignore_excs=(DuplicateException,))
1165
1166 2998 aaronmk
def add_index(db, exprs, table=None, unique=False, ensure_not_null_=True):
1167 2688 aaronmk
    '''Adds an index on column(s) or expression(s) if it doesn't already exist.
1168 3356 aaronmk
    Currently, only function calls and literal values are supported expressions.
1169 2998 aaronmk
    @param ensure_not_null_ If set, translates NULL values to sentinel values.
1170 2847 aaronmk
        This allows indexes to be used for comparisons where NULLs are equal.
1171 2538 aaronmk
    '''
1172 2964 aaronmk
    exprs = lists.mk_seq(exprs)
1173 2538 aaronmk
1174 2688 aaronmk
    # Parse exprs
1175
    old_exprs = exprs[:]
1176
    exprs = []
1177
    cols = []
1178
    for i, expr in enumerate(old_exprs):
1179 2823 aaronmk
        expr = sql_gen.as_Col(expr, table)
1180 2688 aaronmk
1181 2823 aaronmk
        # Handle nullable columns
1182 2998 aaronmk
        if ensure_not_null_:
1183 3164 aaronmk
            try: expr = sql_gen.ensure_not_null(db, expr)
1184 2860 aaronmk
            except KeyError: pass # unknown type, so just create plain index
1185 2823 aaronmk
1186 2688 aaronmk
        # Extract col
1187 3002 aaronmk
        expr = copy.deepcopy(expr) # don't modify input!
1188 3356 aaronmk
        col = expr
1189
        if isinstance(expr, sql_gen.FunctionCall): col = expr.args[0]
1190
        expr = sql_gen.cast_literal(expr)
1191
        if not isinstance(expr, (sql_gen.Expr, sql_gen.Col)):
1192 2688 aaronmk
            expr = sql_gen.Expr(expr)
1193 3356 aaronmk
1194 2688 aaronmk
1195
        # Extract table
1196
        if table == None:
1197
            assert sql_gen.is_table_col(col)
1198
            table = col.table
1199
1200 3356 aaronmk
        if isinstance(col, sql_gen.Col): col.table = None
1201 2688 aaronmk
1202
        exprs.append(expr)
1203
        cols.append(col)
1204 2408 aaronmk
1205 2688 aaronmk
    table = sql_gen.as_Table(table)
1206
1207 3005 aaronmk
    # Add index
1208 3148 aaronmk
    str_ = 'CREATE'
1209
    if unique: str_ += ' UNIQUE'
1210
    str_ += ' INDEX ON '+table.to_str(db)+' ('+(
1211
        ', '.join((v.to_str(db) for v in exprs)))+')'
1212
    run_query(db, str_, recover=True, cacheable=True, log_level=3)
1213 2408 aaronmk
1214 3083 aaronmk
already_indexed = object() # tells add_indexes() the pkey has already been added
1215
1216
def add_indexes(db, table, has_pkey=True):
1217
    '''Adds an index on all columns in a table.
1218
    @param has_pkey bool|already_indexed Whether a pkey instead of a regular
1219
        index should be added on the first column.
1220
        * If already_indexed, the pkey is assumed to have already been added
1221
    '''
1222
    cols = table_cols(db, table)
1223
    if has_pkey:
1224
        if has_pkey is not already_indexed: add_pkey(db, table)
1225
        cols = cols[1:]
1226
    for col in cols: add_index(db, col, table)
1227
1228 3079 aaronmk
#### Tables
1229 2772 aaronmk
1230 3079 aaronmk
### Maintenance
1231 2772 aaronmk
1232 3079 aaronmk
def analyze(db, table):
1233
    table = sql_gen.as_Table(table)
1234
    run_query(db, 'ANALYZE '+table.to_str(db), log_level=3)
1235 2934 aaronmk
1236 3079 aaronmk
def autoanalyze(db, table):
1237
    if db.autoanalyze: analyze(db, table)
1238 2935 aaronmk
1239 3079 aaronmk
def vacuum(db, table):
1240
    table = sql_gen.as_Table(table)
1241
    db.with_autocommit(lambda: run_query(db, 'VACUUM ANALYZE '+table.to_str(db),
1242
        log_level=3))
1243 2086 aaronmk
1244 3079 aaronmk
### Lifecycle
1245
1246 3247 aaronmk
def drop(db, type_, name):
1247
    name = sql_gen.as_Name(name)
1248
    run_query(db, 'DROP '+type_+' IF EXISTS '+name.to_str(db)+' CASCADE')
1249 2889 aaronmk
1250 3247 aaronmk
def drop_table(db, table): drop(db, 'TABLE', table)
1251
1252 3082 aaronmk
def create_table(db, table, cols=[], has_pkey=True, col_indexes=True,
1253
    like=None):
1254 2675 aaronmk
    '''Creates a table.
1255 2681 aaronmk
    @param cols [sql_gen.TypedCol,...] The column names and types
1256
    @param has_pkey If set, the first column becomes the primary key.
1257 2760 aaronmk
    @param col_indexes bool|[ref]
1258
        * If True, indexes will be added on all non-pkey columns.
1259
        * If a list reference, [0] will be set to a function to do this.
1260
          This can be used to delay index creation until the table is populated.
1261 2675 aaronmk
    '''
1262
    table = sql_gen.as_Table(table)
1263
1264 3082 aaronmk
    if like != None:
1265
        cols = [sql_gen.CustomCode('LIKE '+like.to_str(db)+' INCLUDING ALL')
1266
            ]+cols
1267 2681 aaronmk
    if has_pkey:
1268
        cols[0] = pkey = copy.copy(cols[0]) # don't modify input!
1269 2872 aaronmk
        pkey.constraints = 'PRIMARY KEY'
1270 2681 aaronmk
1271 3085 aaronmk
    temp = table.is_temp and not db.debug_temp
1272
        # temp tables permanent in debug_temp mode
1273 2760 aaronmk
1274 3085 aaronmk
    # Create table
1275 3383 aaronmk
    def create():
1276 3085 aaronmk
        str_ = 'CREATE'
1277
        if temp: str_ += ' TEMP'
1278
        str_ += ' TABLE '+table.to_str(db)+' (\n'
1279
        str_ += '\n, '.join(c.to_str(db) for c in cols)
1280 3126 aaronmk
        str_ += '\n);'
1281 3085 aaronmk
1282 3383 aaronmk
        run_query(db, str_, recover=True, cacheable=True, log_level=2,
1283
            log_ignore_excs=(DuplicateException,))
1284
    if table.is_temp:
1285
        while True:
1286
            try:
1287
                create()
1288
                break
1289
            except DuplicateException:
1290
                table.name = next_version(table.name)
1291
                # try again with next version of name
1292
    else: create()
1293 3085 aaronmk
1294 2760 aaronmk
    # Add indexes
1295 2773 aaronmk
    if has_pkey: has_pkey = already_indexed
1296
    def add_indexes_(): add_indexes(db, table, has_pkey)
1297
    if isinstance(col_indexes, list): col_indexes[0] = add_indexes_ # defer
1298
    elif col_indexes: add_indexes_() # add now
1299 2675 aaronmk
1300 3084 aaronmk
def copy_table_struct(db, src, dest):
1301
    '''Creates a structure-only copy of a table. (Does not copy data.)'''
1302 3085 aaronmk
    create_table(db, dest, has_pkey=False, col_indexes=False, like=src)
1303 3084 aaronmk
1304 3079 aaronmk
### Data
1305 2684 aaronmk
1306 2970 aaronmk
def truncate(db, table, schema='public', **kw_args):
1307
    '''For params, see run_query()'''
1308 2777 aaronmk
    table = sql_gen.as_Table(table, schema)
1309 2970 aaronmk
    return run_query(db, 'TRUNCATE '+table.to_str(db)+' CASCADE', **kw_args)
1310 2732 aaronmk
1311 2965 aaronmk
def empty_temp(db, tables):
1312
    tables = lists.mk_seq(tables)
1313 2971 aaronmk
    for table in tables: truncate(db, table, log_level=3)
1314 2965 aaronmk
1315 1968 aaronmk
def empty_db(db, schema='public', **kw_args):
1316
    '''For kw_args, see tables()'''
1317
    for table in tables(db, schema, **kw_args): truncate(db, table, schema)
1318 3094 aaronmk
1319
def distinct_table(db, table, distinct_on):
1320
    '''Creates a copy of a temp table which is distinct on the given columns.
1321 3099 aaronmk
    The old and new tables will both get an index on these columns, to
1322
    facilitate merge joins.
1323 3097 aaronmk
    @param distinct_on If empty, creates a table with one row. This is useful if
1324
        your distinct_on columns are all literal values.
1325 3099 aaronmk
    @return The new table.
1326 3094 aaronmk
    '''
1327 3099 aaronmk
    new_table = sql_gen.suffixed_table(table, '_distinct')
1328 3411 aaronmk
    distinct_on = filter(sql_gen.is_table_col, distinct_on)
1329 3094 aaronmk
1330 3099 aaronmk
    copy_table_struct(db, table, new_table)
1331 3097 aaronmk
1332
    limit = None
1333
    if distinct_on == []: limit = 1 # one sample row
1334 3099 aaronmk
    else:
1335
        add_index(db, distinct_on, new_table, unique=True)
1336
        add_index(db, distinct_on, table) # for join optimization
1337 3097 aaronmk
1338 3313 aaronmk
    insert_select(db, new_table, None, mk_select(db, table, order_by=None,
1339
        limit=limit), ignore=True)
1340 3099 aaronmk
    analyze(db, new_table)
1341 3094 aaronmk
1342 3099 aaronmk
    return new_table