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1 11 aaronmk
# Database access
2
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import copy
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import re
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import time
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import warnings
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import exc
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import dicts
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import iters
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import lists
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import profiling
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from Proxy import Proxy
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import rand
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import sql_gen
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import strings
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import util
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##### Exceptions
20
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def get_cur_query(cur, input_query=None):
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    raw_query = None
23
    if hasattr(cur, 'query'): raw_query = cur.query
24
    elif hasattr(cur, '_last_executed'): raw_query = cur._last_executed
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26
    if raw_query != None: return raw_query
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    else: return '[input] '+strings.ustr(input_query)
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def _add_cursor_info(e, *args, **kw_args):
30
    '''For params, see get_cur_query()'''
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    exc.add_msg(e, 'query: '+strings.ustr(get_cur_query(*args, **kw_args)))
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class DbException(exc.ExceptionWithCause):
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    def __init__(self, msg, cause=None, cur=None):
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        exc.ExceptionWithCause.__init__(self, msg, cause, cause_newline=True)
36 14 aaronmk
        if cur != None: _add_cursor_info(self, cur)
37
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class ExceptionWithName(DbException):
39
    def __init__(self, name, cause=None):
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        DbException.__init__(self, 'for name: '+strings.as_tt(str(name)), cause)
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        self.name = name
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class ExceptionWithValue(DbException):
44
    def __init__(self, value, cause=None):
45
        DbException.__init__(self, 'for value: '+strings.as_tt(repr(value)),
46
            cause)
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        self.value = value
48
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class ExceptionWithNameType(DbException):
50
    def __init__(self, type_, name, cause=None):
51
        DbException.__init__(self, 'for type: '+strings.as_tt(str(type_))
52
            +'; name: '+strings.as_tt(name), cause)
53
        self.type = type_
54
        self.name = name
55
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class ConstraintException(DbException):
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    def __init__(self, name, cond, cols, cause=None):
58
        msg = 'Violated '+strings.as_tt(name)+' constraint'
59
        if cond != None: msg += ' with condition '+cond
60
        if cols != []: msg += ' on columns: '+strings.as_tt(', '.join(cols))
61
        DbException.__init__(self, msg, cause)
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        self.name = name
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        self.cond = cond
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        self.cols = cols
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class MissingCastException(DbException):
67
    def __init__(self, type_, col, cause=None):
68
        DbException.__init__(self, 'Missing cast to type '+strings.as_tt(type_)
69
            +' on column: '+strings.as_tt(col), cause)
70
        self.type = type_
71
        self.col = col
72
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class NameException(DbException): pass
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class DuplicateKeyException(ConstraintException): pass
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class NullValueException(ConstraintException): pass
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class CheckException(ConstraintException): pass
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class InvalidValueException(ExceptionWithValue): pass
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class DuplicateException(ExceptionWithNameType): pass
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class DoesNotExistException(ExceptionWithNameType): pass
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87 89 aaronmk
class EmptyRowException(DbException): pass
88
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##### Warnings
90
91
class DbWarning(UserWarning): pass
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##### Result retrieval
94
95
def col_names(cur): return (col[0] for col in cur.description)
96
97
def rows(cur): return iter(lambda: cur.fetchone(), None)
98
99
def consume_rows(cur):
100
    '''Used to fetch all rows so result will be cached'''
101
    iters.consume_iter(rows(cur))
102
103
def next_row(cur): return rows(cur).next()
104
105
def row(cur):
106
    row_ = next_row(cur)
107
    consume_rows(cur)
108
    return row_
109
110
def next_value(cur): return next_row(cur)[0]
111
112
def value(cur): return row(cur)[0]
113
114
def values(cur): return iters.func_iter(lambda: next_value(cur))
115
116
def value_or_none(cur):
117
    try: return value(cur)
118
    except StopIteration: return None
119
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##### Escaping
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def esc_name_by_module(module, name):
123
    if module == 'psycopg2' or module == None: quote = '"'
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    elif module == 'MySQLdb': quote = '`'
125
    else: raise NotImplementedError("Can't escape name for "+module+' database')
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    return sql_gen.esc_name(name, quote)
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128
def esc_name_by_engine(engine, name, **kw_args):
129
    return esc_name_by_module(db_engines[engine][0], name, **kw_args)
130
131
def esc_name(db, name, **kw_args):
132
    return esc_name_by_module(util.root_module(db.db), name, **kw_args)
133
134
def qual_name(db, schema, table):
135
    def esc_name_(name): return esc_name(db, name)
136
    table = esc_name_(table)
137
    if schema != None: return esc_name_(schema)+'.'+table
138
    else: return table
139
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##### Database connections
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db_config_names = ['engine', 'host', 'user', 'password', 'database', 'schemas']
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db_engines = {
145
    'MySQL': ('MySQLdb', {'password': 'passwd', 'database': 'db'}),
146
    'PostgreSQL': ('psycopg2', {}),
147
}
148
149
DatabaseErrors_set = set([DbException])
150
DatabaseErrors = tuple(DatabaseErrors_set)
151
152
def _add_module(module):
153
    DatabaseErrors_set.add(module.DatabaseError)
154
    global DatabaseErrors
155
    DatabaseErrors = tuple(DatabaseErrors_set)
156
157
def db_config_str(db_config):
158
    return db_config['engine']+' database '+db_config['database']
159
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log_debug_none = lambda msg, level=2: None
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class DbConn:
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    def __init__(self, db_config, autocommit=True, caching=True,
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        log_debug=log_debug_none, debug_temp=False, src=None):
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        '''
166
        @param debug_temp Whether temporary objects should instead be permanent.
167
            This assists in debugging the internal objects used by the program.
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        @param src In autocommit mode, will be included in a comment in every
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            query, to help identify the data source in pg_stat_activity.
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        '''
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        self.db_config = db_config
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        self.autocommit = autocommit
173
        self.caching = caching
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        self.log_debug = log_debug
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        self.debug = log_debug != log_debug_none
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        self.debug_temp = debug_temp
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        self.src = src
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        self.autoanalyze = False
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        self.autoexplain = False
180
        self.profile_row_ct = None
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        self._savepoint = 0
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        self._reset()
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185
    def __getattr__(self, name):
186
        if name == '__dict__': raise Exception('getting __dict__')
187
        if name == 'db': return self._db()
188
        else: raise AttributeError()
189
190
    def __getstate__(self):
191
        state = copy.copy(self.__dict__) # shallow copy
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        state['log_debug'] = None # don't pickle the debug callback
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        state['_DbConn__db'] = None # don't pickle the connection
194
        return state
195
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    def clear_cache(self): self.query_results = {}
197
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    def _reset(self):
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        self.clear_cache()
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        assert self._savepoint == 0
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        self._notices_seen = set()
202
        self.__db = None
203
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    def connected(self): return self.__db != None
205
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    def close(self):
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        if not self.connected(): return
208
209 3135 aaronmk
        # Record that the automatic transaction is now closed
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        self._savepoint -= 1
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        self.db.close()
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        self._reset()
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    def reconnect(self):
216
        # Do not do this in test mode as it would roll back everything
217
        if self.autocommit: self.close()
218
        # Connection will be reopened automatically on first query
219
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    def _db(self):
221
        if self.__db == None:
222
            # Process db_config
223
            db_config = self.db_config.copy() # don't modify input!
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            schemas = db_config.pop('schemas', None)
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            module_name, mappings = db_engines[db_config.pop('engine')]
226
            module = __import__(module_name)
227
            _add_module(module)
228
            for orig, new in mappings.iteritems():
229
                try: util.rename_key(db_config, orig, new)
230
                except KeyError: pass
231
232
            # Connect
233
            self.__db = module.connect(**db_config)
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            # Record that a transaction is already open
236
            self._savepoint += 1
237
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            # Configure connection
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            if hasattr(self.db, 'set_isolation_level'):
240
                import psycopg2.extensions
241
                self.db.set_isolation_level(
242
                    psycopg2.extensions.ISOLATION_LEVEL_READ_COMMITTED)
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            if schemas != None:
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                search_path = [self.esc_name(s) for s in schemas.split(',')]
245
                search_path.append(value(run_query(self, 'SHOW search_path',
246
                    log_level=4)))
247
                run_query(self, 'SET search_path TO '+(','.join(search_path)),
248
                    log_level=3)
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250
        return self.__db
251 1889 aaronmk
252 1891 aaronmk
    class DbCursor(Proxy):
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        def __init__(self, outer):
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            Proxy.__init__(self, outer.db.cursor())
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            self.outer = outer
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            self.query_results = outer.query_results
257 1894 aaronmk
            self.query_lookup = None
258 1891 aaronmk
            self.result = []
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260 2802 aaronmk
        def execute(self, query):
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            self._is_insert = query.startswith('INSERT')
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            self.query_lookup = query
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            try:
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                try: cur = self.inner.execute(query)
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                finally: self.query = get_cur_query(self.inner, query)
266 1904 aaronmk
            except Exception, e:
267
                self.result = e # cache the exception as the result
268
                self._cache_result()
269
                raise
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271
            # Always cache certain queries
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            query = sql_gen.lstrip(query)
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            if query.startswith('CREATE') or query.startswith('ALTER'):
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                # structural changes
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                # Rest of query must be unique in the face of name collisions,
276
                # so don't cache ADD COLUMN unless it has distinguishing comment
277
                if query.find('ADD COLUMN') < 0 or query.endswith('*/'):
278 3007 aaronmk
                    self._cache_result()
279 3004 aaronmk
            elif self.rowcount == 0 and query.startswith('SELECT'): # empty
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                consume_rows(self) # fetch all rows so result will be cached
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            return cur
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        def fetchone(self):
285
            row = self.inner.fetchone()
286 1899 aaronmk
            if row != None: self.result.append(row)
287
            # otherwise, fetched all rows
288 1904 aaronmk
            else: self._cache_result()
289
            return row
290
291
        def _cache_result(self):
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            # For inserts that return a result set, don't cache result set since
293
            # inserts are not idempotent. Other non-SELECT queries don't have
294
            # their result set read, so only exceptions will be cached (an
295
            # invalid query will always be invalid).
296 1930 aaronmk
            if self.query_results != None and (not self._is_insert
297 1906 aaronmk
                or isinstance(self.result, Exception)):
298
299 1894 aaronmk
                assert self.query_lookup != None
300 1916 aaronmk
                self.query_results[self.query_lookup] = self.CacheCursor(
301
                    util.dict_subset(dicts.AttrsDictView(self),
302
                    ['query', 'result', 'rowcount', 'description']))
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304 1916 aaronmk
        class CacheCursor:
305
            def __init__(self, cached_result): self.__dict__ = cached_result
306
307 1927 aaronmk
            def execute(self, *args, **kw_args):
308 1916 aaronmk
                if isinstance(self.result, Exception): raise self.result
309
                # otherwise, result is a rows list
310
                self.iter = iter(self.result)
311
312
            def fetchone(self):
313
                try: return self.iter.next()
314
                except StopIteration: return None
315 1891 aaronmk
316 2212 aaronmk
    def esc_value(self, value):
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        try: str_ = self.mogrify('%s', [value])
318
        except NotImplementedError, e:
319
            module = util.root_module(self.db)
320
            if module == 'MySQLdb':
321
                import _mysql
322
                str_ = _mysql.escape_string(value)
323
            else: raise e
324 2374 aaronmk
        return strings.to_unicode(str_)
325 2212 aaronmk
326 2347 aaronmk
    def esc_name(self, name): return esc_name(self, name) # calls global func
327
328 2814 aaronmk
    def std_code(self, str_):
329
        '''Standardizes SQL code.
330
        * Ensures that string literals are prefixed by `E`
331
        '''
332
        if str_.startswith("'"): str_ = 'E'+str_
333
        return str_
334
335 2665 aaronmk
    def can_mogrify(self):
336 2663 aaronmk
        module = util.root_module(self.db)
337 2665 aaronmk
        return module == 'psycopg2'
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339 2665 aaronmk
    def mogrify(self, query, params=None):
340
        if self.can_mogrify(): return self.db.cursor().mogrify(query, params)
341
        else: raise NotImplementedError("Can't mogrify query")
342
343 2671 aaronmk
    def print_notices(self):
344 2725 aaronmk
        if hasattr(self.db, 'notices'):
345
            for msg in self.db.notices:
346
                if msg not in self._notices_seen:
347
                    self._notices_seen.add(msg)
348
                    self.log_debug(msg, level=2)
349 2671 aaronmk
350 2793 aaronmk
    def run_query(self, query, cacheable=False, log_level=2,
351 2464 aaronmk
        debug_msg_ref=None):
352 2445 aaronmk
        '''
353 2464 aaronmk
        @param log_ignore_excs The log_level will be increased by 2 if the query
354
            throws one of these exceptions.
355 2664 aaronmk
        @param debug_msg_ref If specified, the log message will be returned in
356
            this instead of being output. This allows you to filter log messages
357
            depending on the result of the query.
358 2445 aaronmk
        '''
359 2167 aaronmk
        assert query != None
360
361 3183 aaronmk
        if self.autocommit and self.src != None:
362 3206 aaronmk
            query = sql_gen.esc_comment(self.src)+'\t'+query
363 3183 aaronmk
364 2047 aaronmk
        if not self.caching: cacheable = False
365 1903 aaronmk
        used_cache = False
366 2664 aaronmk
367 3242 aaronmk
        if self.debug:
368
            profiler = profiling.ItersProfiler(start_now=True, iter_text='row')
369 1903 aaronmk
        try:
370 1927 aaronmk
            # Get cursor
371
            if cacheable:
372 3238 aaronmk
                try: cur = self.query_results[query]
373 1927 aaronmk
                except KeyError: cur = self.DbCursor(self)
374 3238 aaronmk
                else: used_cache = True
375 1927 aaronmk
            else: cur = self.db.cursor()
376
377
            # Run query
378 3238 aaronmk
            try: cur.execute(query)
379 3162 aaronmk
            except Exception, e:
380
                _add_cursor_info(e, self, query)
381
                raise
382 3238 aaronmk
            else: self.do_autocommit()
383 1903 aaronmk
        finally:
384 3242 aaronmk
            if self.debug:
385 3244 aaronmk
                profiler.stop(self.profile_row_ct)
386 3242 aaronmk
387
                ## Log or return query
388
389 3239 aaronmk
                query = str(get_cur_query(cur, query))
390 3281 aaronmk
                # Put the src comment on a separate line in the log file
391
                query = query.replace('\t', '\n', 1)
392 3239 aaronmk
393 3240 aaronmk
                msg = 'DB query: '
394 3239 aaronmk
395 3240 aaronmk
                if used_cache: msg += 'cache hit'
396
                elif cacheable: msg += 'cache miss'
397
                else: msg += 'non-cacheable'
398 3239 aaronmk
399 3241 aaronmk
                msg += ':\n'+profiler.msg()+'\n'+strings.as_code(query, 'SQL')
400 3240 aaronmk
401 3237 aaronmk
                if debug_msg_ref != None: debug_msg_ref[0] = msg
402
                else: self.log_debug(msg, log_level)
403 3245 aaronmk
404
                self.print_notices()
405 1903 aaronmk
406
        return cur
407 1914 aaronmk
408 2797 aaronmk
    def is_cached(self, query): return query in self.query_results
409 2139 aaronmk
410 2907 aaronmk
    def with_autocommit(self, func):
411 2801 aaronmk
        import psycopg2.extensions
412
413
        prev_isolation_level = self.db.isolation_level
414 2907 aaronmk
        self.db.set_isolation_level(
415
            psycopg2.extensions.ISOLATION_LEVEL_AUTOCOMMIT)
416 2683 aaronmk
        try: return func()
417 2801 aaronmk
        finally: self.db.set_isolation_level(prev_isolation_level)
418 2683 aaronmk
419 2139 aaronmk
    def with_savepoint(self, func):
420 3137 aaronmk
        top = self._savepoint == 0
421 2171 aaronmk
        savepoint = 'level_'+str(self._savepoint)
422 3137 aaronmk
423 3272 aaronmk
        if self.debug:
424 3273 aaronmk
            self.log_debug('Begin transaction', level=4)
425 3272 aaronmk
            profiler = profiling.ItersProfiler(start_now=True, iter_text='row')
426
427 3160 aaronmk
        # Must happen before running queries so they don't get autocommitted
428
        self._savepoint += 1
429
430 3137 aaronmk
        if top: query = 'START TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL READ COMMITTED'
431
        else: query = 'SAVEPOINT '+savepoint
432
        self.run_query(query, log_level=4)
433
        try:
434
            return func()
435
            if top: self.run_query('COMMIT', log_level=4)
436 2139 aaronmk
        except:
437 3137 aaronmk
            if top: query = 'ROLLBACK'
438
            else: query = 'ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT '+savepoint
439
            self.run_query(query, log_level=4)
440
441 2139 aaronmk
            raise
442 2930 aaronmk
        finally:
443
            # Always release savepoint, because after ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT,
444
            # "The savepoint remains valid and can be rolled back to again"
445
            # (http://www.postgresql.org/docs/8.3/static/sql-rollback-to.html).
446 3137 aaronmk
            if not top:
447
                self.run_query('RELEASE SAVEPOINT '+savepoint, log_level=4)
448 2930 aaronmk
449
            self._savepoint -= 1
450
            assert self._savepoint >= 0
451
452 3272 aaronmk
            if self.debug:
453
                profiler.stop(self.profile_row_ct)
454 3273 aaronmk
                self.log_debug('End transaction\n'+profiler.msg(), level=4)
455 3272 aaronmk
456 2930 aaronmk
            self.do_autocommit() # OK to do this after ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT
457 2191 aaronmk
458
    def do_autocommit(self):
459
        '''Autocommits if outside savepoint'''
460 3135 aaronmk
        assert self._savepoint >= 1
461
        if self.autocommit and self._savepoint == 1:
462 2924 aaronmk
            self.log_debug('Autocommitting', level=4)
463 2191 aaronmk
            self.db.commit()
464 2643 aaronmk
465 3155 aaronmk
    def col_info(self, col, cacheable=True):
466 2643 aaronmk
        table = sql_gen.Table('columns', 'information_schema')
467 3063 aaronmk
        type_ = sql_gen.Coalesce(sql_gen.Nullif(sql_gen.Col('data_type'),
468
            'USER-DEFINED'), sql_gen.Col('udt_name'))
469 3078 aaronmk
        cols = [type_, 'column_default',
470
            sql_gen.Cast('boolean', sql_gen.Col('is_nullable'))]
471 2643 aaronmk
472
        conds = [('table_name', col.table.name), ('column_name', col.name)]
473
        schema = col.table.schema
474
        if schema != None: conds.append(('table_schema', schema))
475
476 2819 aaronmk
        type_, default, nullable = row(select(self, table, cols, conds,
477 3150 aaronmk
            order_by='table_schema', limit=1, cacheable=cacheable, log_level=4))
478 2643 aaronmk
            # TODO: order_by search_path schema order
479 2819 aaronmk
        default = sql_gen.as_Code(default, self)
480
481
        return sql_gen.TypedCol(col.name, type_, default, nullable)
482 2917 aaronmk
483
    def TempFunction(self, name):
484
        if self.debug_temp: schema = None
485
        else: schema = 'pg_temp'
486
        return sql_gen.Function(name, schema)
487 1849 aaronmk
488 1869 aaronmk
connect = DbConn
489
490 832 aaronmk
##### Recoverable querying
491 15 aaronmk
492 2139 aaronmk
def with_savepoint(db, func): return db.with_savepoint(func)
493 11 aaronmk
494 2791 aaronmk
def run_query(db, query, recover=None, cacheable=False, log_level=2,
495
    log_ignore_excs=None, **kw_args):
496 2794 aaronmk
    '''For params, see DbConn.run_query()'''
497 830 aaronmk
    if recover == None: recover = False
498 2464 aaronmk
    if log_ignore_excs == None: log_ignore_excs = ()
499
    log_ignore_excs = tuple(log_ignore_excs)
500 3236 aaronmk
    debug_msg_ref = [None]
501 830 aaronmk
502 3267 aaronmk
    query = with_explain_comment(db, query)
503 3258 aaronmk
504 2148 aaronmk
    try:
505 2464 aaronmk
        try:
506 2794 aaronmk
            def run(): return db.run_query(query, cacheable, log_level,
507 2793 aaronmk
                debug_msg_ref, **kw_args)
508 2796 aaronmk
            if recover and not db.is_cached(query):
509 2464 aaronmk
                return with_savepoint(db, run)
510
            else: return run() # don't need savepoint if cached
511
        except Exception, e:
512 3095 aaronmk
            msg = strings.ustr(e.args[0])
513 3414 aaronmk
            msg = re.sub(r'^PL/Python: \w+: ', r'', msg)
514 2464 aaronmk
515 3095 aaronmk
            match = re.match(r'^duplicate key value violates unique constraint '
516 3338 aaronmk
                r'"(.+?)"', msg)
517 2464 aaronmk
            if match:
518 3338 aaronmk
                constraint, = match.groups()
519 3025 aaronmk
                cols = []
520
                if recover: # need auto-rollback to run index_cols()
521 3319 aaronmk
                    try: cols = index_cols(db, constraint)
522 3025 aaronmk
                    except NotImplementedError: pass
523 3345 aaronmk
                raise DuplicateKeyException(constraint, None, cols, e)
524 2464 aaronmk
525 3095 aaronmk
            match = re.match(r'^null value in column "(.+?)" violates not-null'
526 2464 aaronmk
                r' constraint', msg)
527 3345 aaronmk
            if match:
528
                col, = match.groups()
529
                raise NullValueException('NOT NULL', None, [col], e)
530 2464 aaronmk
531 3346 aaronmk
            match = re.match(r'^new row for relation "(.+?)" violates check '
532
                r'constraint "(.+?)"', msg)
533
            if match:
534
                table, constraint = match.groups()
535 3347 aaronmk
                constraint = sql_gen.Col(constraint, table)
536 3349 aaronmk
                cond = None
537
                if recover: # need auto-rollback to run constraint_cond()
538
                    try: cond = constraint_cond(db, constraint)
539
                    except NotImplementedError: pass
540
                raise CheckException(constraint.to_str(db), cond, [], e)
541 3346 aaronmk
542 3095 aaronmk
            match = re.match(r'^(?:invalid input (?:syntax|value)\b.*?'
543 3109 aaronmk
                r'|.+? field value out of range): "(.+?)"', msg)
544 2464 aaronmk
            if match:
545 3109 aaronmk
                value, = match.groups()
546
                raise InvalidValueException(strings.to_unicode(value), e)
547 2464 aaronmk
548 3095 aaronmk
            match = re.match(r'^column "(.+?)" is of type (.+?) but expression '
549 2523 aaronmk
                r'is of type', msg)
550
            if match:
551
                col, type_ = match.groups()
552
                raise MissingCastException(type_, col, e)
553
554 3419 aaronmk
            typed_name_re = r'^(\S+) "(.+?)"'
555
556
            match = re.match(typed_name_re+r'.*? already exists', msg)
557 2945 aaronmk
            if match:
558
                type_, name = match.groups()
559
                raise DuplicateException(type_, name, e)
560 2464 aaronmk
561 3419 aaronmk
            match = re.match(typed_name_re+r' does not exist', msg)
562
            if match:
563
                type_, name = match.groups()
564
                raise DoesNotExistException(type_, name, e)
565
566 2464 aaronmk
            raise # no specific exception raised
567
    except log_ignore_excs:
568
        log_level += 2
569
        raise
570
    finally:
571 3236 aaronmk
        if debug_msg_ref[0] != None: db.log_debug(debug_msg_ref[0], log_level)
572 830 aaronmk
573 832 aaronmk
##### Basic queries
574
575 3256 aaronmk
def is_explainable(query):
576
    # See <http://www.postgresql.org/docs/8.3/static/sql-explain.html#AEN57749>
577 3257 aaronmk
    return re.match(r'^(?:SELECT|INSERT|UPDATE|DELETE|VALUES|EXECUTE|DECLARE)\b'
578
        , query)
579 3256 aaronmk
580 3263 aaronmk
def explain(db, query, **kw_args):
581
    '''
582
    For params, see run_query().
583
    '''
584 3267 aaronmk
    kw_args.setdefault('log_level', 4)
585 3263 aaronmk
586 3256 aaronmk
    return strings.join_lines(values(run_query(db, 'EXPLAIN '+query,
587 3263 aaronmk
        recover=True, cacheable=True, **kw_args)))
588 3256 aaronmk
        # not a higher log_level because it's useful to see what query is being
589
        # run before it's executed, which EXPLAIN effectively provides
590
591 3265 aaronmk
def has_comment(query): return query.endswith('*/')
592
593
def with_explain_comment(db, query, **kw_args):
594 3269 aaronmk
    if db.autoexplain and not has_comment(query) and is_explainable(query):
595 3265 aaronmk
        query += '\n'+sql_gen.esc_comment(' EXPLAIN:\n'
596
            +explain(db, query, **kw_args))
597
    return query
598
599 2153 aaronmk
def next_version(name):
600 2163 aaronmk
    version = 1 # first existing name was version 0
601 2586 aaronmk
    match = re.match(r'^(.*)#(\d+)$', name)
602 2153 aaronmk
    if match:
603 2586 aaronmk
        name, version = match.groups()
604
        version = int(version)+1
605 2932 aaronmk
    return sql_gen.concat(name, '#'+str(version))
606 2153 aaronmk
607 2899 aaronmk
def lock_table(db, table, mode):
608
    table = sql_gen.as_Table(table)
609
    run_query(db, 'LOCK TABLE '+table.to_str(db)+' IN '+mode+' MODE')
610
611 3303 aaronmk
def run_query_into(db, query, into=None, add_pkey_=False, **kw_args):
612 2085 aaronmk
    '''Outputs a query to a temp table.
613
    For params, see run_query().
614
    '''
615 2789 aaronmk
    if into == None: return run_query(db, query, **kw_args)
616 2790 aaronmk
617
    assert isinstance(into, sql_gen.Table)
618
619 2992 aaronmk
    into.is_temp = True
620 3008 aaronmk
    # "temporary tables cannot specify a schema name", so remove schema
621
    into.schema = None
622 2992 aaronmk
623 2790 aaronmk
    kw_args['recover'] = True
624 2945 aaronmk
    kw_args.setdefault('log_ignore_excs', (DuplicateException,))
625 2790 aaronmk
626 2916 aaronmk
    temp = not db.debug_temp # tables are permanent in debug_temp mode
627 2790 aaronmk
628
    # Create table
629
    while True:
630
        create_query = 'CREATE'
631
        if temp: create_query += ' TEMP'
632
        create_query += ' TABLE '+into.to_str(db)+' AS\n'+query
633 2385 aaronmk
634 2790 aaronmk
        try:
635
            cur = run_query(db, create_query, **kw_args)
636
                # CREATE TABLE AS sets rowcount to # rows in query
637
            break
638 2945 aaronmk
        except DuplicateException, e:
639 2790 aaronmk
            into.name = next_version(into.name)
640
            # try again with next version of name
641
642 3303 aaronmk
    if add_pkey_: add_pkey(db, into)
643 3075 aaronmk
644
    # According to the PostgreSQL doc, "The autovacuum daemon cannot access and
645
    # therefore cannot vacuum or analyze temporary tables. [...] if a temporary
646
    # table is going to be used in complex queries, it is wise to run ANALYZE on
647
    # the temporary table after it is populated."
648
    # (http://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.1/static/sql-createtable.html)
649
    # If into is not a temp table, ANALYZE is useful but not required.
650 3073 aaronmk
    analyze(db, into)
651 2790 aaronmk
652
    return cur
653 2085 aaronmk
654 2120 aaronmk
order_by_pkey = object() # tells mk_select() to order by the pkey
655
656 2199 aaronmk
distinct_on_all = object() # tells mk_select() to SELECT DISTINCT ON all columns
657
658 3420 aaronmk
def mk_select(db, tables=None, fields=None, conds=None, distinct_on=[],
659 3494 aaronmk
    limit=None, start=None, order_by=order_by_pkey, default_table=None,
660
    explain=True):
661 1981 aaronmk
    '''
662 2121 aaronmk
    @param tables The single table to select from, or a list of tables to join
663 2280 aaronmk
        together, with tables after the first being sql_gen.Join objects
664 1981 aaronmk
    @param fields Use None to select all fields in the table
665 2377 aaronmk
    @param conds WHERE conditions: [(compare_left_side, compare_right_side),...]
666 2379 aaronmk
        * container can be any iterable type
667 2399 aaronmk
        * compare_left_side: sql_gen.Code|str (for col name)
668
        * compare_right_side: sql_gen.ValueCond|literal value
669 2199 aaronmk
    @param distinct_on The columns to SELECT DISTINCT ON, or distinct_on_all to
670
        use all columns
671 2786 aaronmk
    @return query
672 1981 aaronmk
    '''
673 2315 aaronmk
    # Parse tables param
674 2964 aaronmk
    tables = lists.mk_seq(tables)
675 2141 aaronmk
    tables = list(tables) # don't modify input! (list() copies input)
676 2315 aaronmk
    table0 = sql_gen.as_Table(tables.pop(0)) # first table is separate
677 2121 aaronmk
678 2315 aaronmk
    # Parse other params
679 2376 aaronmk
    if conds == None: conds = []
680 2650 aaronmk
    elif dicts.is_dict(conds): conds = conds.items()
681 2379 aaronmk
    conds = list(conds) # don't modify input! (list() copies input)
682 3129 aaronmk
    assert limit == None or isinstance(limit, (int, long))
683
    assert start == None or isinstance(start, (int, long))
684 2315 aaronmk
    if order_by is order_by_pkey:
685 3421 aaronmk
        if table0 == None or distinct_on != []: order_by = None
686 2315 aaronmk
        else: order_by = pkey(db, table0, recover=True)
687 865 aaronmk
688 2315 aaronmk
    query = 'SELECT'
689 2056 aaronmk
690 2315 aaronmk
    def parse_col(col): return sql_gen.as_Col(col, default_table).to_str(db)
691 2056 aaronmk
692 2200 aaronmk
    # DISTINCT ON columns
693 2233 aaronmk
    if distinct_on != []:
694 2467 aaronmk
        query += '\nDISTINCT'
695 2254 aaronmk
        if distinct_on is not distinct_on_all:
696 2200 aaronmk
            query += ' ON ('+(', '.join(map(parse_col, distinct_on)))+')'
697
698
    # Columns
699 3185 aaronmk
    if query.find('\n') >= 0: whitespace = '\n'
700
    else: whitespace = ' '
701
    if fields == None: query += whitespace+'*'
702 2765 aaronmk
    else:
703
        assert fields != []
704 3185 aaronmk
        if len(fields) > 1: whitespace = '\n'
705
        query += whitespace+('\n, '.join(map(parse_col, fields)))
706 2200 aaronmk
707
    # Main table
708 3185 aaronmk
    if query.find('\n') >= 0 or len(tables) > 0: whitespace = '\n'
709
    else: whitespace = ' '
710 3420 aaronmk
    if table0 != None: query += whitespace+'FROM '+table0.to_str(db)
711 865 aaronmk
712 2122 aaronmk
    # Add joins
713 2271 aaronmk
    left_table = table0
714 2263 aaronmk
    for join_ in tables:
715
        table = join_.table
716 2238 aaronmk
717 2343 aaronmk
        # Parse special values
718
        if join_.type_ is sql_gen.filter_out: # filter no match
719 2376 aaronmk
            conds.append((sql_gen.Col(table_not_null_col(db, table), table),
720 2853 aaronmk
                sql_gen.CompareCond(None, '~=')))
721 2343 aaronmk
722 2467 aaronmk
        query += '\n'+join_.to_str(db, left_table)
723 2122 aaronmk
724
        left_table = table
725
726 865 aaronmk
    missing = True
727 2376 aaronmk
    if conds != []:
728 2576 aaronmk
        if len(conds) == 1: whitespace = ' '
729
        else: whitespace = '\n'
730 2578 aaronmk
        query += '\n'+sql_gen.combine_conds([sql_gen.ColValueCond(l, r)
731
            .to_str(db) for l, r in conds], 'WHERE')
732 2227 aaronmk
    if order_by != None:
733 2467 aaronmk
        query += '\nORDER BY '+sql_gen.as_Col(order_by, table0).to_str(db)
734 3297 aaronmk
    if limit != None: query += '\nLIMIT '+str(limit)
735 865 aaronmk
    if start != None:
736 2467 aaronmk
        if start != 0: query += '\nOFFSET '+str(start)
737 865 aaronmk
738 3494 aaronmk
    if explain: query = with_explain_comment(db, query)
739 3266 aaronmk
740 2786 aaronmk
    return query
741 11 aaronmk
742 2054 aaronmk
def select(db, *args, **kw_args):
743
    '''For params, see mk_select() and run_query()'''
744
    recover = kw_args.pop('recover', None)
745
    cacheable = kw_args.pop('cacheable', True)
746 2442 aaronmk
    log_level = kw_args.pop('log_level', 2)
747 2054 aaronmk
748 2791 aaronmk
    return run_query(db, mk_select(db, *args, **kw_args), recover, cacheable,
749
        log_level=log_level)
750 2054 aaronmk
751 2788 aaronmk
def mk_insert_select(db, table, cols=None, select_query=None, returning=None,
752 3181 aaronmk
    embeddable=False, ignore=False, src=None):
753 1960 aaronmk
    '''
754
    @param returning str|None An inserted column (such as pkey) to return
755 2070 aaronmk
    @param embeddable Whether the query should be embeddable as a nested SELECT.
756 2073 aaronmk
        Warning: If you set this and cacheable=True when the query is run, the
757
        query will be fully cached, not just if it raises an exception.
758 3009 aaronmk
    @param ignore Whether to ignore duplicate keys.
759 3181 aaronmk
    @param src Will be included in the name of any created function, to help
760
        identify the data source in pg_stat_activity.
761 1960 aaronmk
    '''
762 2754 aaronmk
    table = sql_gen.remove_table_rename(sql_gen.as_Table(table))
763 2318 aaronmk
    if cols == []: cols = None # no cols (all defaults) = unknown col names
764 3010 aaronmk
    if cols != None: cols = [sql_gen.to_name_only_col(c, table) for c in cols]
765 2063 aaronmk
    if select_query == None: select_query = 'DEFAULT VALUES'
766 2327 aaronmk
    if returning != None: returning = sql_gen.as_Col(returning, table)
767 2063 aaronmk
768 2497 aaronmk
    first_line = 'INSERT INTO '+table.to_str(db)
769 2063 aaronmk
770 3009 aaronmk
    def mk_insert(select_query):
771
        query = first_line
772 3014 aaronmk
        if cols != None:
773
            query += '\n('+(', '.join((c.to_str(db) for c in cols)))+')'
774 3009 aaronmk
        query += '\n'+select_query
775
776
        if returning != None:
777
            returning_name_col = sql_gen.to_name_only_col(returning)
778
            query += '\nRETURNING '+returning_name_col.to_str(db)
779
780
        return query
781 2063 aaronmk
782 3489 aaronmk
    return_type = sql_gen.CustomCode('unknown')
783
    if returning != None: return_type = sql_gen.ColType(returning)
784 3017 aaronmk
785 3009 aaronmk
    if ignore:
786 3017 aaronmk
        # Always return something to set the correct rowcount
787
        if returning == None: returning = sql_gen.NamedCol('NULL', None)
788
789 3009 aaronmk
        embeddable = True # must use function
790 3010 aaronmk
791 3450 aaronmk
        if cols == None: row = [sql_gen.Col(sql_gen.all_cols, 'row')]
792
        else: row = [sql_gen.Col(c.name, 'row') for c in cols]
793 3092 aaronmk
794 3484 aaronmk
        query = sql_gen.RowExcIgnore(sql_gen.RowType(table), select_query,
795 3497 aaronmk
            sql_gen.ReturnQuery(mk_insert(sql_gen.Values(row).to_str(db))),
796
            cols)
797 3009 aaronmk
    else: query = mk_insert(select_query)
798
799 2070 aaronmk
    if embeddable:
800
        # Create function
801 2513 aaronmk
        function_name = sql_gen.clean_name(first_line)
802 3181 aaronmk
        if src != None: function_name = src+': '+function_name
803 2189 aaronmk
        while True:
804
            try:
805 3451 aaronmk
                func = db.TempFunction(function_name)
806 3489 aaronmk
                def_ = sql_gen.FunctionDef(func, sql_gen.SetOf(return_type),
807
                    query)
808 2194 aaronmk
809 3443 aaronmk
                run_query(db, def_.to_str(db), recover=True, cacheable=True,
810 2945 aaronmk
                    log_ignore_excs=(DuplicateException,))
811 2189 aaronmk
                break # this version was successful
812 2945 aaronmk
            except DuplicateException, e:
813 2189 aaronmk
                function_name = next_version(function_name)
814
                # try again with next version of name
815 2070 aaronmk
816 2337 aaronmk
        # Return query that uses function
817 3009 aaronmk
        cols = None
818
        if returning != None: cols = [returning]
819 3451 aaronmk
        func_table = sql_gen.NamedTable('f', sql_gen.FunctionCall(func), cols)
820
            # AS clause requires function alias
821 3298 aaronmk
        return mk_select(db, func_table, order_by=None)
822 2070 aaronmk
823 2787 aaronmk
    return query
824 2066 aaronmk
825 3074 aaronmk
def insert_select(db, table, *args, **kw_args):
826 2085 aaronmk
    '''For params, see mk_insert_select() and run_query_into()
827 2386 aaronmk
    @param into sql_gen.Table with suggested name of temp table to put RETURNING
828
        values in
829 2072 aaronmk
    '''
830 3141 aaronmk
    returning = kw_args.get('returning', None)
831
    ignore = kw_args.get('ignore', False)
832
833 2386 aaronmk
    into = kw_args.pop('into', None)
834
    if into != None: kw_args['embeddable'] = True
835 2066 aaronmk
    recover = kw_args.pop('recover', None)
836 3141 aaronmk
    if ignore: recover = True
837 2066 aaronmk
    cacheable = kw_args.pop('cacheable', True)
838 2673 aaronmk
    log_level = kw_args.pop('log_level', 2)
839 2066 aaronmk
840 3141 aaronmk
    rowcount_only = ignore and returning == None # keep NULL rows on server
841
    if rowcount_only: into = sql_gen.Table('rowcount')
842
843 3074 aaronmk
    cur = run_query_into(db, mk_insert_select(db, table, *args, **kw_args),
844
        into, recover=recover, cacheable=cacheable, log_level=log_level)
845 3141 aaronmk
    if rowcount_only: empty_temp(db, into)
846 3074 aaronmk
    autoanalyze(db, table)
847
    return cur
848 2063 aaronmk
849 2738 aaronmk
default = sql_gen.default # tells insert() to use the default value for a column
850 2066 aaronmk
851 2063 aaronmk
def insert(db, table, row, *args, **kw_args):
852 2085 aaronmk
    '''For params, see insert_select()'''
853 1960 aaronmk
    if lists.is_seq(row): cols = None
854
    else:
855
        cols = row.keys()
856
        row = row.values()
857 2738 aaronmk
    row = list(row) # ensure that "== []" works
858 1960 aaronmk
859 2738 aaronmk
    if row == []: query = None
860
    else: query = sql_gen.Values(row).to_str(db)
861 1961 aaronmk
862 2788 aaronmk
    return insert_select(db, table, cols, query, *args, **kw_args)
863 11 aaronmk
864 3152 aaronmk
def mk_update(db, table, changes=None, cond=None, in_place=False,
865 3153 aaronmk
    cacheable_=True):
866 2402 aaronmk
    '''
867
    @param changes [(col, new_value),...]
868
        * container can be any iterable type
869
        * col: sql_gen.Code|str (for col name)
870
        * new_value: sql_gen.Code|literal value
871
    @param cond sql_gen.Code WHERE condition. e.g. use sql_gen.*Cond objects.
872 3056 aaronmk
    @param in_place If set, locks the table and updates rows in place.
873
        This avoids creating dead rows in PostgreSQL.
874
        * cond must be None
875 3153 aaronmk
    @param cacheable_ Whether column structure information used to generate the
876 3152 aaronmk
        query can be cached
877 2402 aaronmk
    @return str query
878
    '''
879 3057 aaronmk
    table = sql_gen.as_Table(table)
880
    changes = [(sql_gen.to_name_only_col(c, table), sql_gen.as_Value(v))
881
        for c, v in changes]
882
883 3056 aaronmk
    if in_place:
884
        assert cond == None
885 3058 aaronmk
886 3065 aaronmk
        query = 'ALTER TABLE '+table.to_str(db)+'\n'
887
        query += ',\n'.join(('ALTER COLUMN '+c.to_str(db)+' TYPE '
888 3153 aaronmk
            +db.col_info(sql_gen.with_default_table(c, table), cacheable_).type
889 3065 aaronmk
            +'\nUSING '+v.to_str(db) for c, v in changes))
890 3058 aaronmk
    else:
891
        query = 'UPDATE '+table.to_str(db)+'\nSET\n'
892
        query += ',\n'.join((c.to_str(db)+' = '+v.to_str(db)
893
            for c, v in changes))
894
        if cond != None: query += '\nWHERE\n'+cond.to_str(db)
895 3056 aaronmk
896 3266 aaronmk
    query = with_explain_comment(db, query)
897
898 2402 aaronmk
    return query
899
900 3074 aaronmk
def update(db, table, *args, **kw_args):
901 2402 aaronmk
    '''For params, see mk_update() and run_query()'''
902
    recover = kw_args.pop('recover', None)
903 3043 aaronmk
    cacheable = kw_args.pop('cacheable', False)
904 3030 aaronmk
    log_level = kw_args.pop('log_level', 2)
905 2402 aaronmk
906 3074 aaronmk
    cur = run_query(db, mk_update(db, table, *args, **kw_args), recover,
907
        cacheable, log_level=log_level)
908
    autoanalyze(db, table)
909
    return cur
910 2402 aaronmk
911 3286 aaronmk
def mk_delete(db, table, cond=None):
912
    '''
913
    @param cond sql_gen.Code WHERE condition. e.g. use sql_gen.*Cond objects.
914
    @return str query
915
    '''
916
    query = 'DELETE FROM '+table.to_str(db)
917
    if cond != None: query += '\nWHERE '+cond.to_str(db)
918
919
    query = with_explain_comment(db, query)
920
921
    return query
922
923
def delete(db, table, *args, **kw_args):
924
    '''For params, see mk_delete() and run_query()'''
925
    recover = kw_args.pop('recover', None)
926 3295 aaronmk
    cacheable = kw_args.pop('cacheable', True)
927 3286 aaronmk
    log_level = kw_args.pop('log_level', 2)
928
929
    cur = run_query(db, mk_delete(db, table, *args, **kw_args), recover,
930
        cacheable, log_level=log_level)
931
    autoanalyze(db, table)
932
    return cur
933
934 135 aaronmk
def last_insert_id(db):
935 1849 aaronmk
    module = util.root_module(db.db)
936 135 aaronmk
    if module == 'psycopg2': return value(run_query(db, 'SELECT lastval()'))
937
    elif module == 'MySQLdb': return db.insert_id()
938
    else: return None
939 13 aaronmk
940 3490 aaronmk
def define_func(db, def_):
941
    func = def_.function
942
    while True:
943
        try:
944
            run_query(db, def_.to_str(db), recover=True, cacheable=True,
945
                log_ignore_excs=(DuplicateException,))
946
            break # successful
947
        except DuplicateException:
948 3495 aaronmk
            func.name = next_version(func.name)
949 3490 aaronmk
            # try again with next version of name
950
951 2394 aaronmk
def mk_flatten_mapping(db, into, cols, preserve=[], as_items=False):
952 2383 aaronmk
    '''Creates a mapping from original column names (which may have collisions)
953 2415 aaronmk
    to names that will be distinct among the columns' tables.
954 2383 aaronmk
    This is meant to be used for several tables that are being joined together.
955 2415 aaronmk
    @param cols The columns to combine. Duplicates will be removed.
956
    @param into The table for the new columns.
957 2394 aaronmk
    @param preserve [sql_gen.Col...] Columns not to rename. Note that these
958
        columns will be included in the mapping even if they are not in cols.
959
        The tables of the provided Col objects will be changed to into, so make
960
        copies of them if you want to keep the original tables.
961
    @param as_items Whether to return a list of dict items instead of a dict
962 2383 aaronmk
    @return dict(orig_col=new_col, ...)
963
        * orig_col: sql_gen.Col(orig_col_name, orig_table)
964 2392 aaronmk
        * new_col: sql_gen.Col(orig_col_name, into)
965
        * All mappings use the into table so its name can easily be
966 2383 aaronmk
          changed for all columns at once
967
    '''
968 2415 aaronmk
    cols = lists.uniqify(cols)
969
970 2394 aaronmk
    items = []
971 2389 aaronmk
    for col in preserve:
972 2390 aaronmk
        orig_col = copy.copy(col)
973 2392 aaronmk
        col.table = into
974 2394 aaronmk
        items.append((orig_col, col))
975
    preserve = set(preserve)
976
    for col in cols:
977 2716 aaronmk
        if col not in preserve:
978
            items.append((col, sql_gen.Col(str(col), into, col.srcs)))
979 2394 aaronmk
980
    if not as_items: items = dict(items)
981
    return items
982 2383 aaronmk
983 2393 aaronmk
def flatten(db, into, joins, cols, limit=None, start=None, **kw_args):
984 2391 aaronmk
    '''For params, see mk_flatten_mapping()
985
    @return See return value of mk_flatten_mapping()
986
    '''
987 2394 aaronmk
    items = mk_flatten_mapping(db, into, cols, as_items=True, **kw_args)
988
    cols = [sql_gen.NamedCol(new.name, old) for old, new in items]
989 3296 aaronmk
    run_query_into(db, mk_select(db, joins, cols, order_by=None, limit=limit,
990 3305 aaronmk
        start=start), into=into, add_pkey_=True)
991 2394 aaronmk
    return dict(items)
992 2391 aaronmk
993 3079 aaronmk
##### Database structure introspection
994 2414 aaronmk
995 3321 aaronmk
#### Expressions
996
997 3353 aaronmk
bool_re = r'(?:true|false)'
998
999
def simplify_expr(expr):
1000
    expr = expr.replace('(NULL IS NULL)', 'true')
1001
    expr = expr.replace('(NULL IS NOT NULL)', 'false')
1002
    expr = re.sub(r' OR '+bool_re, r'', expr)
1003
    expr = re.sub(bool_re+r' OR ', r'', expr)
1004
    while True:
1005
        expr, n = re.subn(r'\((\([^()]*\))\)', r'\1', expr)
1006
        if n == 0: break
1007
    return expr
1008
1009 3321 aaronmk
name_re = r'(?:\w+|(?:"[^"]*")+)'
1010
1011
def parse_expr_col(str_):
1012
    match = re.match(r'^\('+name_re+r'\(('+name_re+r').*\)\)$', str_)
1013
    if match: str_ = match.group(1)
1014
    return sql_gen.unesc_name(str_)
1015
1016 3351 aaronmk
def map_expr(db, expr, mapping, in_cols_found=None):
1017
    '''Replaces output columns with input columns in an expression.
1018
    @param in_cols_found If set, will be filled in with the expr's (input) cols
1019
    '''
1020
    for out, in_ in mapping.iteritems():
1021
        orig_expr = expr
1022
        out = sql_gen.to_name_only_col(out)
1023
        in_str = sql_gen.to_name_only_col(sql_gen.remove_col_rename(in_)
1024
            ).to_str(db)
1025
1026
        # Replace out both with and without quotes
1027
        expr = expr.replace(out.to_str(db), in_str)
1028
        expr = re.sub(r'\b'+out.name+r'\b', in_str, expr)
1029
1030
        if in_cols_found != None and expr != orig_expr: # replaced something
1031
            in_cols_found.append(in_)
1032 3353 aaronmk
1033
    return simplify_expr(expr)
1034 3351 aaronmk
1035 3079 aaronmk
#### Tables
1036
1037
def tables(db, schema_like='public', table_like='%', exact=False):
1038
    if exact: compare = '='
1039
    else: compare = 'LIKE'
1040
1041
    module = util.root_module(db.db)
1042
    if module == 'psycopg2':
1043
        conds = [('schemaname', sql_gen.CompareCond(schema_like, compare)),
1044
            ('tablename', sql_gen.CompareCond(table_like, compare))]
1045
        return values(select(db, 'pg_tables', ['tablename'], conds,
1046
            order_by='tablename', log_level=4))
1047
    elif module == 'MySQLdb':
1048
        return values(run_query(db, 'SHOW TABLES LIKE '+db.esc_value(table_like)
1049
            , cacheable=True, log_level=4))
1050
    else: raise NotImplementedError("Can't list tables for "+module+' database')
1051
1052
def table_exists(db, table):
1053
    table = sql_gen.as_Table(table)
1054
    return list(tables(db, table.schema, table.name, exact=True)) != []
1055
1056 2426 aaronmk
def table_row_count(db, table, recover=None):
1057 2786 aaronmk
    return value(run_query(db, mk_select(db, table, [sql_gen.row_count],
1058 3298 aaronmk
        order_by=None), recover=recover, log_level=3))
1059 2426 aaronmk
1060 2414 aaronmk
def table_cols(db, table, recover=None):
1061
    return list(col_names(select(db, table, limit=0, order_by=None,
1062 2443 aaronmk
        recover=recover, log_level=4)))
1063 2414 aaronmk
1064 2291 aaronmk
def pkey(db, table, recover=None):
1065 832 aaronmk
    '''Assumed to be first column in table'''
1066 2339 aaronmk
    return table_cols(db, table, recover)[0]
1067 832 aaronmk
1068 2559 aaronmk
not_null_col = 'not_null_col'
1069 2340 aaronmk
1070
def table_not_null_col(db, table, recover=None):
1071
    '''Name assumed to be the value of not_null_col. If not found, uses pkey.'''
1072
    if not_null_col in table_cols(db, table, recover): return not_null_col
1073
    else: return pkey(db, table, recover)
1074
1075 3348 aaronmk
def constraint_cond(db, constraint):
1076
    module = util.root_module(db.db)
1077
    if module == 'psycopg2':
1078
        table_str = sql_gen.Literal(constraint.table.to_str(db))
1079
        name_str = sql_gen.Literal(constraint.name)
1080
        return value(run_query(db, '''\
1081
SELECT consrc
1082
FROM pg_constraint
1083
WHERE
1084
conrelid = '''+table_str.to_str(db)+'''::regclass
1085
AND conname = '''+name_str.to_str(db)+'''
1086
'''
1087
            , cacheable=True, log_level=4))
1088
    else: raise NotImplementedError("Can't list index columns for "+module+
1089
        ' database')
1090
1091 3319 aaronmk
def index_cols(db, index):
1092 853 aaronmk
    '''Can also use this for UNIQUE constraints, because a UNIQUE index is
1093
    automatically created. When you don't know whether something is a UNIQUE
1094
    constraint or a UNIQUE index, use this function.'''
1095 3322 aaronmk
    index = sql_gen.as_Table(index)
1096 1909 aaronmk
    module = util.root_module(db.db)
1097
    if module == 'psycopg2':
1098 3322 aaronmk
        qual_index = sql_gen.Literal(index.to_str(db))
1099
        return map(parse_expr_col, values(run_query(db, '''\
1100
SELECT pg_get_indexdef(indexrelid, generate_series(1, indnatts), true)
1101
FROM pg_index
1102
WHERE indexrelid = '''+qual_index.to_str(db)+'''::regclass
1103 2782 aaronmk
'''
1104
            , cacheable=True, log_level=4)))
1105 1909 aaronmk
    else: raise NotImplementedError("Can't list index columns for "+module+
1106
        ' database')
1107 853 aaronmk
1108 3079 aaronmk
#### Functions
1109
1110
def function_exists(db, function):
1111 3423 aaronmk
    qual_function = sql_gen.Literal(function.to_str(db))
1112
    try:
1113 3425 aaronmk
        select(db, fields=[sql_gen.Cast('regproc', qual_function)],
1114
            recover=True, cacheable=True, log_level=4)
1115 3423 aaronmk
    except DoesNotExistException: return False
1116
    else: return True
1117 3079 aaronmk
1118
##### Structural changes
1119
1120
#### Columns
1121
1122
def add_col(db, table, col, comment=None, **kw_args):
1123
    '''
1124
    @param col TypedCol Name may be versioned, so be sure to propagate any
1125
        renaming back to any source column for the TypedCol.
1126
    @param comment None|str SQL comment used to distinguish columns of the same
1127
        name from each other when they contain different data, to allow the
1128
        ADD COLUMN query to be cached. If not set, query will not be cached.
1129
    '''
1130
    assert isinstance(col, sql_gen.TypedCol)
1131
1132
    while True:
1133
        str_ = 'ALTER TABLE '+table.to_str(db)+' ADD COLUMN '+col.to_str(db)
1134
        if comment != None: str_ += ' '+sql_gen.esc_comment(comment)
1135
1136
        try:
1137
            run_query(db, str_, recover=True, cacheable=True, **kw_args)
1138
            break
1139
        except DuplicateException:
1140
            col.name = next_version(col.name)
1141
            # try again with next version of name
1142
1143
def add_not_null(db, col):
1144
    table = col.table
1145
    col = sql_gen.to_name_only_col(col)
1146
    run_query(db, 'ALTER TABLE '+table.to_str(db)+' ALTER COLUMN '
1147
        +col.to_str(db)+' SET NOT NULL', cacheable=True, log_level=3)
1148
1149 2096 aaronmk
row_num_col = '_row_num'
1150
1151 3079 aaronmk
row_num_typed_col = sql_gen.TypedCol(row_num_col, 'serial', nullable=False,
1152
    constraints='PRIMARY KEY')
1153
1154
def add_row_num(db, table):
1155
    '''Adds a row number column to a table. Its name is in row_num_col. It will
1156
    be the primary key.'''
1157
    add_col(db, table, row_num_typed_col, log_level=3)
1158
1159
#### Indexes
1160
1161
def add_pkey(db, table, cols=None, recover=None):
1162
    '''Adds a primary key.
1163
    @param cols [sql_gen.Col,...] The columns in the primary key.
1164
        Defaults to the first column in the table.
1165
    @pre The table must not already have a primary key.
1166
    '''
1167
    table = sql_gen.as_Table(table)
1168
    if cols == None: cols = [pkey(db, table, recover)]
1169
    col_strs = [sql_gen.to_name_only_col(v).to_str(db) for v in cols]
1170
1171
    run_query(db, 'ALTER TABLE '+table.to_str(db)+' ADD PRIMARY KEY ('
1172
        +(', '.join(col_strs))+')', recover=True, cacheable=True, log_level=3,
1173
        log_ignore_excs=(DuplicateException,))
1174
1175 2998 aaronmk
def add_index(db, exprs, table=None, unique=False, ensure_not_null_=True):
1176 2688 aaronmk
    '''Adds an index on column(s) or expression(s) if it doesn't already exist.
1177 3356 aaronmk
    Currently, only function calls and literal values are supported expressions.
1178 2998 aaronmk
    @param ensure_not_null_ If set, translates NULL values to sentinel values.
1179 2847 aaronmk
        This allows indexes to be used for comparisons where NULLs are equal.
1180 2538 aaronmk
    '''
1181 2964 aaronmk
    exprs = lists.mk_seq(exprs)
1182 2538 aaronmk
1183 2688 aaronmk
    # Parse exprs
1184
    old_exprs = exprs[:]
1185
    exprs = []
1186
    cols = []
1187
    for i, expr in enumerate(old_exprs):
1188 2823 aaronmk
        expr = sql_gen.as_Col(expr, table)
1189 2688 aaronmk
1190 2823 aaronmk
        # Handle nullable columns
1191 2998 aaronmk
        if ensure_not_null_:
1192 3164 aaronmk
            try: expr = sql_gen.ensure_not_null(db, expr)
1193 2860 aaronmk
            except KeyError: pass # unknown type, so just create plain index
1194 2823 aaronmk
1195 2688 aaronmk
        # Extract col
1196 3002 aaronmk
        expr = copy.deepcopy(expr) # don't modify input!
1197 3356 aaronmk
        col = expr
1198
        if isinstance(expr, sql_gen.FunctionCall): col = expr.args[0]
1199
        expr = sql_gen.cast_literal(expr)
1200
        if not isinstance(expr, (sql_gen.Expr, sql_gen.Col)):
1201 2688 aaronmk
            expr = sql_gen.Expr(expr)
1202 3356 aaronmk
1203 2688 aaronmk
1204
        # Extract table
1205
        if table == None:
1206
            assert sql_gen.is_table_col(col)
1207
            table = col.table
1208
1209 3356 aaronmk
        if isinstance(col, sql_gen.Col): col.table = None
1210 2688 aaronmk
1211
        exprs.append(expr)
1212
        cols.append(col)
1213 2408 aaronmk
1214 2688 aaronmk
    table = sql_gen.as_Table(table)
1215
1216 3005 aaronmk
    # Add index
1217 3148 aaronmk
    str_ = 'CREATE'
1218
    if unique: str_ += ' UNIQUE'
1219
    str_ += ' INDEX ON '+table.to_str(db)+' ('+(
1220
        ', '.join((v.to_str(db) for v in exprs)))+')'
1221
    run_query(db, str_, recover=True, cacheable=True, log_level=3)
1222 2408 aaronmk
1223 3083 aaronmk
already_indexed = object() # tells add_indexes() the pkey has already been added
1224
1225
def add_indexes(db, table, has_pkey=True):
1226
    '''Adds an index on all columns in a table.
1227
    @param has_pkey bool|already_indexed Whether a pkey instead of a regular
1228
        index should be added on the first column.
1229
        * If already_indexed, the pkey is assumed to have already been added
1230
    '''
1231
    cols = table_cols(db, table)
1232
    if has_pkey:
1233
        if has_pkey is not already_indexed: add_pkey(db, table)
1234
        cols = cols[1:]
1235
    for col in cols: add_index(db, col, table)
1236
1237 3079 aaronmk
#### Tables
1238 2772 aaronmk
1239 3079 aaronmk
### Maintenance
1240 2772 aaronmk
1241 3079 aaronmk
def analyze(db, table):
1242
    table = sql_gen.as_Table(table)
1243
    run_query(db, 'ANALYZE '+table.to_str(db), log_level=3)
1244 2934 aaronmk
1245 3079 aaronmk
def autoanalyze(db, table):
1246
    if db.autoanalyze: analyze(db, table)
1247 2935 aaronmk
1248 3079 aaronmk
def vacuum(db, table):
1249
    table = sql_gen.as_Table(table)
1250
    db.with_autocommit(lambda: run_query(db, 'VACUUM ANALYZE '+table.to_str(db),
1251
        log_level=3))
1252 2086 aaronmk
1253 3079 aaronmk
### Lifecycle
1254
1255 3247 aaronmk
def drop(db, type_, name):
1256
    name = sql_gen.as_Name(name)
1257
    run_query(db, 'DROP '+type_+' IF EXISTS '+name.to_str(db)+' CASCADE')
1258 2889 aaronmk
1259 3247 aaronmk
def drop_table(db, table): drop(db, 'TABLE', table)
1260
1261 3082 aaronmk
def create_table(db, table, cols=[], has_pkey=True, col_indexes=True,
1262
    like=None):
1263 2675 aaronmk
    '''Creates a table.
1264 2681 aaronmk
    @param cols [sql_gen.TypedCol,...] The column names and types
1265
    @param has_pkey If set, the first column becomes the primary key.
1266 2760 aaronmk
    @param col_indexes bool|[ref]
1267
        * If True, indexes will be added on all non-pkey columns.
1268
        * If a list reference, [0] will be set to a function to do this.
1269
          This can be used to delay index creation until the table is populated.
1270 2675 aaronmk
    '''
1271
    table = sql_gen.as_Table(table)
1272
1273 3082 aaronmk
    if like != None:
1274
        cols = [sql_gen.CustomCode('LIKE '+like.to_str(db)+' INCLUDING ALL')
1275
            ]+cols
1276 2681 aaronmk
    if has_pkey:
1277
        cols[0] = pkey = copy.copy(cols[0]) # don't modify input!
1278 2872 aaronmk
        pkey.constraints = 'PRIMARY KEY'
1279 2681 aaronmk
1280 3085 aaronmk
    temp = table.is_temp and not db.debug_temp
1281
        # temp tables permanent in debug_temp mode
1282 2760 aaronmk
1283 3085 aaronmk
    # Create table
1284 3383 aaronmk
    def create():
1285 3085 aaronmk
        str_ = 'CREATE'
1286
        if temp: str_ += ' TEMP'
1287
        str_ += ' TABLE '+table.to_str(db)+' (\n'
1288
        str_ += '\n, '.join(c.to_str(db) for c in cols)
1289 3126 aaronmk
        str_ += '\n);'
1290 3085 aaronmk
1291 3383 aaronmk
        run_query(db, str_, recover=True, cacheable=True, log_level=2,
1292
            log_ignore_excs=(DuplicateException,))
1293
    if table.is_temp:
1294
        while True:
1295
            try:
1296
                create()
1297
                break
1298
            except DuplicateException:
1299
                table.name = next_version(table.name)
1300
                # try again with next version of name
1301
    else: create()
1302 3085 aaronmk
1303 2760 aaronmk
    # Add indexes
1304 2773 aaronmk
    if has_pkey: has_pkey = already_indexed
1305
    def add_indexes_(): add_indexes(db, table, has_pkey)
1306
    if isinstance(col_indexes, list): col_indexes[0] = add_indexes_ # defer
1307
    elif col_indexes: add_indexes_() # add now
1308 2675 aaronmk
1309 3084 aaronmk
def copy_table_struct(db, src, dest):
1310
    '''Creates a structure-only copy of a table. (Does not copy data.)'''
1311 3085 aaronmk
    create_table(db, dest, has_pkey=False, col_indexes=False, like=src)
1312 3084 aaronmk
1313 3079 aaronmk
### Data
1314 2684 aaronmk
1315 2970 aaronmk
def truncate(db, table, schema='public', **kw_args):
1316
    '''For params, see run_query()'''
1317 2777 aaronmk
    table = sql_gen.as_Table(table, schema)
1318 2970 aaronmk
    return run_query(db, 'TRUNCATE '+table.to_str(db)+' CASCADE', **kw_args)
1319 2732 aaronmk
1320 2965 aaronmk
def empty_temp(db, tables):
1321
    tables = lists.mk_seq(tables)
1322 2971 aaronmk
    for table in tables: truncate(db, table, log_level=3)
1323 2965 aaronmk
1324 1968 aaronmk
def empty_db(db, schema='public', **kw_args):
1325
    '''For kw_args, see tables()'''
1326
    for table in tables(db, schema, **kw_args): truncate(db, table, schema)
1327 3094 aaronmk
1328
def distinct_table(db, table, distinct_on):
1329
    '''Creates a copy of a temp table which is distinct on the given columns.
1330 3099 aaronmk
    The old and new tables will both get an index on these columns, to
1331
    facilitate merge joins.
1332 3097 aaronmk
    @param distinct_on If empty, creates a table with one row. This is useful if
1333
        your distinct_on columns are all literal values.
1334 3099 aaronmk
    @return The new table.
1335 3094 aaronmk
    '''
1336 3099 aaronmk
    new_table = sql_gen.suffixed_table(table, '_distinct')
1337 3411 aaronmk
    distinct_on = filter(sql_gen.is_table_col, distinct_on)
1338 3094 aaronmk
1339 3099 aaronmk
    copy_table_struct(db, table, new_table)
1340 3097 aaronmk
1341
    limit = None
1342
    if distinct_on == []: limit = 1 # one sample row
1343 3099 aaronmk
    else:
1344
        add_index(db, distinct_on, new_table, unique=True)
1345
        add_index(db, distinct_on, table) # for join optimization
1346 3097 aaronmk
1347 3313 aaronmk
    insert_select(db, new_table, None, mk_select(db, table, order_by=None,
1348
        limit=limit), ignore=True)
1349 3099 aaronmk
    analyze(db, new_table)
1350 3094 aaronmk
1351 3099 aaronmk
    return new_table