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1 11 aaronmk
# Database access
2
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import copy
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import re
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import time
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import warnings
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import exc
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import dicts
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import iters
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import lists
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import profiling
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from Proxy import Proxy
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import rand
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import sql_gen
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import strings
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import util
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##### Exceptions
20
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def get_cur_query(cur, input_query=None):
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    raw_query = None
23
    if hasattr(cur, 'query'): raw_query = cur.query
24
    elif hasattr(cur, '_last_executed'): raw_query = cur._last_executed
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26
    if raw_query != None: return raw_query
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    else: return '[input] '+strings.ustr(input_query)
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def _add_cursor_info(e, *args, **kw_args):
30
    '''For params, see get_cur_query()'''
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    exc.add_msg(e, 'query: '+strings.ustr(get_cur_query(*args, **kw_args)))
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class DbException(exc.ExceptionWithCause):
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    def __init__(self, msg, cause=None, cur=None):
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        exc.ExceptionWithCause.__init__(self, msg, cause, cause_newline=True)
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        if cur != None: _add_cursor_info(self, cur)
37
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class ExceptionWithName(DbException):
39
    def __init__(self, name, cause=None):
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        DbException.__init__(self, 'for name: '+strings.as_tt(str(name)), cause)
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        self.name = name
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class ExceptionWithValue(DbException):
44
    def __init__(self, value, cause=None):
45
        DbException.__init__(self, 'for value: '+strings.as_tt(repr(value)),
46
            cause)
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        self.value = value
48
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class ExceptionWithNameType(DbException):
50
    def __init__(self, type_, name, cause=None):
51
        DbException.__init__(self, 'for type: '+strings.as_tt(str(type_))
52
            +'; name: '+strings.as_tt(name), cause)
53
        self.type = type_
54
        self.name = name
55
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class ConstraintException(DbException):
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    def __init__(self, name, cond, cols, cause=None):
58
        msg = 'Violated '+strings.as_tt(name)+' constraint'
59
        if cond != None: msg += ' with condition '+cond
60
        if cols != []: msg += ' on columns: '+strings.as_tt(', '.join(cols))
61
        DbException.__init__(self, msg, cause)
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        self.name = name
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        self.cond = cond
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        self.cols = cols
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class MissingCastException(DbException):
67
    def __init__(self, type_, col, cause=None):
68
        DbException.__init__(self, 'Missing cast to type '+strings.as_tt(type_)
69
            +' on column: '+strings.as_tt(col), cause)
70
        self.type = type_
71
        self.col = col
72
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class NameException(DbException): pass
74
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class DuplicateKeyException(ConstraintException): pass
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class NullValueException(ConstraintException): pass
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class CheckException(ConstraintException): pass
80
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class InvalidValueException(ExceptionWithValue): pass
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class DuplicateException(ExceptionWithNameType): pass
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class DoesNotExistException(ExceptionWithNameType): pass
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class EmptyRowException(DbException): pass
88
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##### Warnings
90
91
class DbWarning(UserWarning): pass
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##### Result retrieval
94
95
def col_names(cur): return (col[0] for col in cur.description)
96
97
def rows(cur): return iter(lambda: cur.fetchone(), None)
98
99
def consume_rows(cur):
100
    '''Used to fetch all rows so result will be cached'''
101
    iters.consume_iter(rows(cur))
102
103
def next_row(cur): return rows(cur).next()
104
105
def row(cur):
106
    row_ = next_row(cur)
107
    consume_rows(cur)
108
    return row_
109
110
def next_value(cur): return next_row(cur)[0]
111
112
def value(cur): return row(cur)[0]
113
114
def values(cur): return iters.func_iter(lambda: next_value(cur))
115
116
def value_or_none(cur):
117
    try: return value(cur)
118
    except StopIteration: return None
119
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##### Escaping
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def esc_name_by_module(module, name):
123
    if module == 'psycopg2' or module == None: quote = '"'
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    elif module == 'MySQLdb': quote = '`'
125
    else: raise NotImplementedError("Can't escape name for "+module+' database')
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    return sql_gen.esc_name(name, quote)
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128
def esc_name_by_engine(engine, name, **kw_args):
129
    return esc_name_by_module(db_engines[engine][0], name, **kw_args)
130
131
def esc_name(db, name, **kw_args):
132
    return esc_name_by_module(util.root_module(db.db), name, **kw_args)
133
134
def qual_name(db, schema, table):
135
    def esc_name_(name): return esc_name(db, name)
136
    table = esc_name_(table)
137
    if schema != None: return esc_name_(schema)+'.'+table
138
    else: return table
139
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##### Database connections
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db_config_names = ['engine', 'host', 'user', 'password', 'database', 'schemas']
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db_engines = {
145
    'MySQL': ('MySQLdb', {'password': 'passwd', 'database': 'db'}),
146
    'PostgreSQL': ('psycopg2', {}),
147
}
148
149
DatabaseErrors_set = set([DbException])
150
DatabaseErrors = tuple(DatabaseErrors_set)
151
152
def _add_module(module):
153
    DatabaseErrors_set.add(module.DatabaseError)
154
    global DatabaseErrors
155
    DatabaseErrors = tuple(DatabaseErrors_set)
156
157
def db_config_str(db_config):
158
    return db_config['engine']+' database '+db_config['database']
159
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log_debug_none = lambda msg, level=2: None
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class DbConn:
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    def __init__(self, db_config, autocommit=True, caching=True,
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        log_debug=log_debug_none, debug_temp=False, src=None):
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        '''
166
        @param debug_temp Whether temporary objects should instead be permanent.
167
            This assists in debugging the internal objects used by the program.
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        @param src In autocommit mode, will be included in a comment in every
169
            query, to help identify the data source in pg_stat_activity.
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        '''
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        self.db_config = db_config
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        self.autocommit = autocommit
173
        self.caching = caching
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        self.log_debug = log_debug
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        self.debug = log_debug != log_debug_none
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        self.debug_temp = debug_temp
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        self.src = src
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        self.autoanalyze = False
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        self.autoexplain = False
180
        self.profile_row_ct = None
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        self._savepoint = 0
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        self._reset()
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185
    def __getattr__(self, name):
186
        if name == '__dict__': raise Exception('getting __dict__')
187
        if name == 'db': return self._db()
188
        else: raise AttributeError()
189
190
    def __getstate__(self):
191
        state = copy.copy(self.__dict__) # shallow copy
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        state['log_debug'] = None # don't pickle the debug callback
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        state['_DbConn__db'] = None # don't pickle the connection
194
        return state
195
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    def clear_cache(self): self.query_results = {}
197
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    def _reset(self):
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        self.clear_cache()
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        assert self._savepoint == 0
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        self._notices_seen = set()
202
        self.__db = None
203
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    def connected(self): return self.__db != None
205
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    def close(self):
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        if not self.connected(): return
208
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        # Record that the automatic transaction is now closed
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        self._savepoint -= 1
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        self.db.close()
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        self._reset()
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    def reconnect(self):
216
        # Do not do this in test mode as it would roll back everything
217
        if self.autocommit: self.close()
218
        # Connection will be reopened automatically on first query
219
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    def _db(self):
221
        if self.__db == None:
222
            # Process db_config
223
            db_config = self.db_config.copy() # don't modify input!
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            schemas = db_config.pop('schemas', None)
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            module_name, mappings = db_engines[db_config.pop('engine')]
226
            module = __import__(module_name)
227
            _add_module(module)
228
            for orig, new in mappings.iteritems():
229
                try: util.rename_key(db_config, orig, new)
230
                except KeyError: pass
231
232
            # Connect
233
            self.__db = module.connect(**db_config)
234
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            # Record that a transaction is already open
236
            self._savepoint += 1
237
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            # Configure connection
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            if hasattr(self.db, 'set_isolation_level'):
240
                import psycopg2.extensions
241
                self.db.set_isolation_level(
242
                    psycopg2.extensions.ISOLATION_LEVEL_READ_COMMITTED)
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            if schemas != None:
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                search_path = [self.esc_name(s) for s in schemas.split(',')]
245
                search_path.append(value(run_query(self, 'SHOW search_path',
246
                    log_level=4)))
247
                run_query(self, 'SET search_path TO '+(','.join(search_path)),
248
                    log_level=3)
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250
        return self.__db
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252 1891 aaronmk
    class DbCursor(Proxy):
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        def __init__(self, outer):
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            Proxy.__init__(self, outer.db.cursor())
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            self.outer = outer
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            self.query_results = outer.query_results
257 1894 aaronmk
            self.query_lookup = None
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            self.result = []
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        def execute(self, query):
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            self._is_insert = query.startswith('INSERT')
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            self.query_lookup = query
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            try:
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                try: cur = self.inner.execute(query)
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                finally: self.query = get_cur_query(self.inner, query)
266 1904 aaronmk
            except Exception, e:
267
                self.result = e # cache the exception as the result
268
                self._cache_result()
269
                raise
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271
            # Always cache certain queries
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            query = sql_gen.lstrip(query)
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            if query.startswith('CREATE') or query.startswith('ALTER'):
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                # structural changes
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                # Rest of query must be unique in the face of name collisions,
276
                # so don't cache ADD COLUMN unless it has distinguishing comment
277
                if query.find('ADD COLUMN') < 0 or query.endswith('*/'):
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                    self._cache_result()
279 3004 aaronmk
            elif self.rowcount == 0 and query.startswith('SELECT'): # empty
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                consume_rows(self) # fetch all rows so result will be cached
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            return cur
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        def fetchone(self):
285
            row = self.inner.fetchone()
286 1899 aaronmk
            if row != None: self.result.append(row)
287
            # otherwise, fetched all rows
288 1904 aaronmk
            else: self._cache_result()
289
            return row
290
291
        def _cache_result(self):
292 2948 aaronmk
            # For inserts that return a result set, don't cache result set since
293
            # inserts are not idempotent. Other non-SELECT queries don't have
294
            # their result set read, so only exceptions will be cached (an
295
            # invalid query will always be invalid).
296 1930 aaronmk
            if self.query_results != None and (not self._is_insert
297 1906 aaronmk
                or isinstance(self.result, Exception)):
298
299 1894 aaronmk
                assert self.query_lookup != None
300 1916 aaronmk
                self.query_results[self.query_lookup] = self.CacheCursor(
301
                    util.dict_subset(dicts.AttrsDictView(self),
302
                    ['query', 'result', 'rowcount', 'description']))
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304 1916 aaronmk
        class CacheCursor:
305
            def __init__(self, cached_result): self.__dict__ = cached_result
306
307 1927 aaronmk
            def execute(self, *args, **kw_args):
308 1916 aaronmk
                if isinstance(self.result, Exception): raise self.result
309
                # otherwise, result is a rows list
310
                self.iter = iter(self.result)
311
312
            def fetchone(self):
313
                try: return self.iter.next()
314
                except StopIteration: return None
315 1891 aaronmk
316 2212 aaronmk
    def esc_value(self, value):
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        try: str_ = self.mogrify('%s', [value])
318
        except NotImplementedError, e:
319
            module = util.root_module(self.db)
320
            if module == 'MySQLdb':
321
                import _mysql
322
                str_ = _mysql.escape_string(value)
323
            else: raise e
324 2374 aaronmk
        return strings.to_unicode(str_)
325 2212 aaronmk
326 2347 aaronmk
    def esc_name(self, name): return esc_name(self, name) # calls global func
327
328 2814 aaronmk
    def std_code(self, str_):
329
        '''Standardizes SQL code.
330
        * Ensures that string literals are prefixed by `E`
331
        '''
332
        if str_.startswith("'"): str_ = 'E'+str_
333
        return str_
334
335 2665 aaronmk
    def can_mogrify(self):
336 2663 aaronmk
        module = util.root_module(self.db)
337 2665 aaronmk
        return module == 'psycopg2'
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339 2665 aaronmk
    def mogrify(self, query, params=None):
340
        if self.can_mogrify(): return self.db.cursor().mogrify(query, params)
341
        else: raise NotImplementedError("Can't mogrify query")
342
343 2671 aaronmk
    def print_notices(self):
344 2725 aaronmk
        if hasattr(self.db, 'notices'):
345
            for msg in self.db.notices:
346
                if msg not in self._notices_seen:
347
                    self._notices_seen.add(msg)
348
                    self.log_debug(msg, level=2)
349 2671 aaronmk
350 2793 aaronmk
    def run_query(self, query, cacheable=False, log_level=2,
351 2464 aaronmk
        debug_msg_ref=None):
352 2445 aaronmk
        '''
353 2464 aaronmk
        @param log_ignore_excs The log_level will be increased by 2 if the query
354
            throws one of these exceptions.
355 2664 aaronmk
        @param debug_msg_ref If specified, the log message will be returned in
356
            this instead of being output. This allows you to filter log messages
357
            depending on the result of the query.
358 2445 aaronmk
        '''
359 2167 aaronmk
        assert query != None
360
361 3183 aaronmk
        if self.autocommit and self.src != None:
362 3206 aaronmk
            query = sql_gen.esc_comment(self.src)+'\t'+query
363 3183 aaronmk
364 2047 aaronmk
        if not self.caching: cacheable = False
365 1903 aaronmk
        used_cache = False
366 2664 aaronmk
367 3242 aaronmk
        if self.debug:
368
            profiler = profiling.ItersProfiler(start_now=True, iter_text='row')
369 1903 aaronmk
        try:
370 1927 aaronmk
            # Get cursor
371
            if cacheable:
372 3238 aaronmk
                try: cur = self.query_results[query]
373 1927 aaronmk
                except KeyError: cur = self.DbCursor(self)
374 3238 aaronmk
                else: used_cache = True
375 1927 aaronmk
            else: cur = self.db.cursor()
376
377
            # Run query
378 3238 aaronmk
            try: cur.execute(query)
379 3162 aaronmk
            except Exception, e:
380
                _add_cursor_info(e, self, query)
381
                raise
382 3238 aaronmk
            else: self.do_autocommit()
383 1903 aaronmk
        finally:
384 3242 aaronmk
            if self.debug:
385 3244 aaronmk
                profiler.stop(self.profile_row_ct)
386 3242 aaronmk
387
                ## Log or return query
388
389 3239 aaronmk
                query = str(get_cur_query(cur, query))
390 3281 aaronmk
                # Put the src comment on a separate line in the log file
391
                query = query.replace('\t', '\n', 1)
392 3239 aaronmk
393 3240 aaronmk
                msg = 'DB query: '
394 3239 aaronmk
395 3240 aaronmk
                if used_cache: msg += 'cache hit'
396
                elif cacheable: msg += 'cache miss'
397
                else: msg += 'non-cacheable'
398 3239 aaronmk
399 3241 aaronmk
                msg += ':\n'+profiler.msg()+'\n'+strings.as_code(query, 'SQL')
400 3240 aaronmk
401 3237 aaronmk
                if debug_msg_ref != None: debug_msg_ref[0] = msg
402
                else: self.log_debug(msg, log_level)
403 3245 aaronmk
404
                self.print_notices()
405 1903 aaronmk
406
        return cur
407 1914 aaronmk
408 2797 aaronmk
    def is_cached(self, query): return query in self.query_results
409 2139 aaronmk
410 2907 aaronmk
    def with_autocommit(self, func):
411 2801 aaronmk
        import psycopg2.extensions
412
413
        prev_isolation_level = self.db.isolation_level
414 2907 aaronmk
        self.db.set_isolation_level(
415
            psycopg2.extensions.ISOLATION_LEVEL_AUTOCOMMIT)
416 2683 aaronmk
        try: return func()
417 2801 aaronmk
        finally: self.db.set_isolation_level(prev_isolation_level)
418 2683 aaronmk
419 2139 aaronmk
    def with_savepoint(self, func):
420 3137 aaronmk
        top = self._savepoint == 0
421 2171 aaronmk
        savepoint = 'level_'+str(self._savepoint)
422 3137 aaronmk
423 3272 aaronmk
        if self.debug:
424 3273 aaronmk
            self.log_debug('Begin transaction', level=4)
425 3272 aaronmk
            profiler = profiling.ItersProfiler(start_now=True, iter_text='row')
426
427 3160 aaronmk
        # Must happen before running queries so they don't get autocommitted
428
        self._savepoint += 1
429
430 3137 aaronmk
        if top: query = 'START TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL READ COMMITTED'
431
        else: query = 'SAVEPOINT '+savepoint
432
        self.run_query(query, log_level=4)
433
        try:
434
            return func()
435
            if top: self.run_query('COMMIT', log_level=4)
436 2139 aaronmk
        except:
437 3137 aaronmk
            if top: query = 'ROLLBACK'
438
            else: query = 'ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT '+savepoint
439
            self.run_query(query, log_level=4)
440
441 2139 aaronmk
            raise
442 2930 aaronmk
        finally:
443
            # Always release savepoint, because after ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT,
444
            # "The savepoint remains valid and can be rolled back to again"
445
            # (http://www.postgresql.org/docs/8.3/static/sql-rollback-to.html).
446 3137 aaronmk
            if not top:
447
                self.run_query('RELEASE SAVEPOINT '+savepoint, log_level=4)
448 2930 aaronmk
449
            self._savepoint -= 1
450
            assert self._savepoint >= 0
451
452 3272 aaronmk
            if self.debug:
453
                profiler.stop(self.profile_row_ct)
454 3273 aaronmk
                self.log_debug('End transaction\n'+profiler.msg(), level=4)
455 3272 aaronmk
456 2930 aaronmk
            self.do_autocommit() # OK to do this after ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT
457 2191 aaronmk
458
    def do_autocommit(self):
459
        '''Autocommits if outside savepoint'''
460 3135 aaronmk
        assert self._savepoint >= 1
461
        if self.autocommit and self._savepoint == 1:
462 2924 aaronmk
            self.log_debug('Autocommitting', level=4)
463 2191 aaronmk
            self.db.commit()
464 2643 aaronmk
465 3155 aaronmk
    def col_info(self, col, cacheable=True):
466 2643 aaronmk
        table = sql_gen.Table('columns', 'information_schema')
467 3063 aaronmk
        type_ = sql_gen.Coalesce(sql_gen.Nullif(sql_gen.Col('data_type'),
468
            'USER-DEFINED'), sql_gen.Col('udt_name'))
469 3078 aaronmk
        cols = [type_, 'column_default',
470
            sql_gen.Cast('boolean', sql_gen.Col('is_nullable'))]
471 2643 aaronmk
472
        conds = [('table_name', col.table.name), ('column_name', col.name)]
473
        schema = col.table.schema
474
        if schema != None: conds.append(('table_schema', schema))
475
476 3638 aaronmk
        cur = select(self, table, cols, conds, order_by='table_schema', limit=1,
477
            cacheable=cacheable, log_level=4) # TODO: order by search_path order
478
        try: type_, default, nullable = row(cur)
479
        except StopIteration: raise sql_gen.NoUnderlyingTableException
480 2819 aaronmk
        default = sql_gen.as_Code(default, self)
481
482
        return sql_gen.TypedCol(col.name, type_, default, nullable)
483 2917 aaronmk
484
    def TempFunction(self, name):
485
        if self.debug_temp: schema = None
486
        else: schema = 'pg_temp'
487
        return sql_gen.Function(name, schema)
488 1849 aaronmk
489 1869 aaronmk
connect = DbConn
490
491 832 aaronmk
##### Recoverable querying
492 15 aaronmk
493 2139 aaronmk
def with_savepoint(db, func): return db.with_savepoint(func)
494 11 aaronmk
495 2791 aaronmk
def run_query(db, query, recover=None, cacheable=False, log_level=2,
496
    log_ignore_excs=None, **kw_args):
497 2794 aaronmk
    '''For params, see DbConn.run_query()'''
498 830 aaronmk
    if recover == None: recover = False
499 2464 aaronmk
    if log_ignore_excs == None: log_ignore_excs = ()
500
    log_ignore_excs = tuple(log_ignore_excs)
501 3236 aaronmk
    debug_msg_ref = [None]
502 830 aaronmk
503 3267 aaronmk
    query = with_explain_comment(db, query)
504 3258 aaronmk
505 2148 aaronmk
    try:
506 2464 aaronmk
        try:
507 2794 aaronmk
            def run(): return db.run_query(query, cacheable, log_level,
508 2793 aaronmk
                debug_msg_ref, **kw_args)
509 2796 aaronmk
            if recover and not db.is_cached(query):
510 2464 aaronmk
                return with_savepoint(db, run)
511
            else: return run() # don't need savepoint if cached
512
        except Exception, e:
513 3095 aaronmk
            msg = strings.ustr(e.args[0])
514 3414 aaronmk
            msg = re.sub(r'^PL/Python: \w+: ', r'', msg)
515 2464 aaronmk
516 3095 aaronmk
            match = re.match(r'^duplicate key value violates unique constraint '
517 3338 aaronmk
                r'"(.+?)"', msg)
518 2464 aaronmk
            if match:
519 3338 aaronmk
                constraint, = match.groups()
520 3025 aaronmk
                cols = []
521
                if recover: # need auto-rollback to run index_cols()
522 3319 aaronmk
                    try: cols = index_cols(db, constraint)
523 3025 aaronmk
                    except NotImplementedError: pass
524 3345 aaronmk
                raise DuplicateKeyException(constraint, None, cols, e)
525 2464 aaronmk
526 3095 aaronmk
            match = re.match(r'^null value in column "(.+?)" violates not-null'
527 2464 aaronmk
                r' constraint', msg)
528 3345 aaronmk
            if match:
529
                col, = match.groups()
530
                raise NullValueException('NOT NULL', None, [col], e)
531 2464 aaronmk
532 3346 aaronmk
            match = re.match(r'^new row for relation "(.+?)" violates check '
533
                r'constraint "(.+?)"', msg)
534
            if match:
535
                table, constraint = match.groups()
536 3347 aaronmk
                constraint = sql_gen.Col(constraint, table)
537 3349 aaronmk
                cond = None
538
                if recover: # need auto-rollback to run constraint_cond()
539
                    try: cond = constraint_cond(db, constraint)
540
                    except NotImplementedError: pass
541
                raise CheckException(constraint.to_str(db), cond, [], e)
542 3346 aaronmk
543 3095 aaronmk
            match = re.match(r'^(?:invalid input (?:syntax|value)\b.*?'
544 3635 aaronmk
                r'|.+? out of range): "(.+?)"', msg)
545 2464 aaronmk
            if match:
546 3109 aaronmk
                value, = match.groups()
547
                raise InvalidValueException(strings.to_unicode(value), e)
548 2464 aaronmk
549 3095 aaronmk
            match = re.match(r'^column "(.+?)" is of type (.+?) but expression '
550 2523 aaronmk
                r'is of type', msg)
551
            if match:
552
                col, type_ = match.groups()
553
                raise MissingCastException(type_, col, e)
554
555 3419 aaronmk
            typed_name_re = r'^(\S+) "(.+?)"'
556
557
            match = re.match(typed_name_re+r'.*? already exists', msg)
558 2945 aaronmk
            if match:
559
                type_, name = match.groups()
560
                raise DuplicateException(type_, name, e)
561 2464 aaronmk
562 3419 aaronmk
            match = re.match(typed_name_re+r' does not exist', msg)
563
            if match:
564
                type_, name = match.groups()
565
                raise DoesNotExistException(type_, name, e)
566
567 2464 aaronmk
            raise # no specific exception raised
568
    except log_ignore_excs:
569
        log_level += 2
570
        raise
571
    finally:
572 3236 aaronmk
        if debug_msg_ref[0] != None: db.log_debug(debug_msg_ref[0], log_level)
573 830 aaronmk
574 832 aaronmk
##### Basic queries
575
576 3256 aaronmk
def is_explainable(query):
577
    # See <http://www.postgresql.org/docs/8.3/static/sql-explain.html#AEN57749>
578 3257 aaronmk
    return re.match(r'^(?:SELECT|INSERT|UPDATE|DELETE|VALUES|EXECUTE|DECLARE)\b'
579
        , query)
580 3256 aaronmk
581 3263 aaronmk
def explain(db, query, **kw_args):
582
    '''
583
    For params, see run_query().
584
    '''
585 3267 aaronmk
    kw_args.setdefault('log_level', 4)
586 3263 aaronmk
587 3256 aaronmk
    return strings.join_lines(values(run_query(db, 'EXPLAIN '+query,
588 3263 aaronmk
        recover=True, cacheable=True, **kw_args)))
589 3256 aaronmk
        # not a higher log_level because it's useful to see what query is being
590
        # run before it's executed, which EXPLAIN effectively provides
591
592 3265 aaronmk
def has_comment(query): return query.endswith('*/')
593
594
def with_explain_comment(db, query, **kw_args):
595 3269 aaronmk
    if db.autoexplain and not has_comment(query) and is_explainable(query):
596 3265 aaronmk
        query += '\n'+sql_gen.esc_comment(' EXPLAIN:\n'
597
            +explain(db, query, **kw_args))
598
    return query
599
600 2153 aaronmk
def next_version(name):
601 2163 aaronmk
    version = 1 # first existing name was version 0
602 2586 aaronmk
    match = re.match(r'^(.*)#(\d+)$', name)
603 2153 aaronmk
    if match:
604 2586 aaronmk
        name, version = match.groups()
605
        version = int(version)+1
606 2932 aaronmk
    return sql_gen.concat(name, '#'+str(version))
607 2153 aaronmk
608 2899 aaronmk
def lock_table(db, table, mode):
609
    table = sql_gen.as_Table(table)
610
    run_query(db, 'LOCK TABLE '+table.to_str(db)+' IN '+mode+' MODE')
611
612 3303 aaronmk
def run_query_into(db, query, into=None, add_pkey_=False, **kw_args):
613 2085 aaronmk
    '''Outputs a query to a temp table.
614
    For params, see run_query().
615
    '''
616 2789 aaronmk
    if into == None: return run_query(db, query, **kw_args)
617 2790 aaronmk
618
    assert isinstance(into, sql_gen.Table)
619
620 2992 aaronmk
    into.is_temp = True
621 3008 aaronmk
    # "temporary tables cannot specify a schema name", so remove schema
622
    into.schema = None
623 2992 aaronmk
624 2790 aaronmk
    kw_args['recover'] = True
625 2945 aaronmk
    kw_args.setdefault('log_ignore_excs', (DuplicateException,))
626 2790 aaronmk
627 2916 aaronmk
    temp = not db.debug_temp # tables are permanent in debug_temp mode
628 2790 aaronmk
629
    # Create table
630
    while True:
631
        create_query = 'CREATE'
632
        if temp: create_query += ' TEMP'
633
        create_query += ' TABLE '+into.to_str(db)+' AS\n'+query
634 2385 aaronmk
635 2790 aaronmk
        try:
636
            cur = run_query(db, create_query, **kw_args)
637
                # CREATE TABLE AS sets rowcount to # rows in query
638
            break
639 2945 aaronmk
        except DuplicateException, e:
640 2790 aaronmk
            into.name = next_version(into.name)
641
            # try again with next version of name
642
643 3303 aaronmk
    if add_pkey_: add_pkey(db, into)
644 3075 aaronmk
645
    # According to the PostgreSQL doc, "The autovacuum daemon cannot access and
646
    # therefore cannot vacuum or analyze temporary tables. [...] if a temporary
647
    # table is going to be used in complex queries, it is wise to run ANALYZE on
648
    # the temporary table after it is populated."
649
    # (http://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.1/static/sql-createtable.html)
650
    # If into is not a temp table, ANALYZE is useful but not required.
651 3073 aaronmk
    analyze(db, into)
652 2790 aaronmk
653
    return cur
654 2085 aaronmk
655 2120 aaronmk
order_by_pkey = object() # tells mk_select() to order by the pkey
656
657 2199 aaronmk
distinct_on_all = object() # tells mk_select() to SELECT DISTINCT ON all columns
658
659 3420 aaronmk
def mk_select(db, tables=None, fields=None, conds=None, distinct_on=[],
660 3494 aaronmk
    limit=None, start=None, order_by=order_by_pkey, default_table=None,
661
    explain=True):
662 1981 aaronmk
    '''
663 2121 aaronmk
    @param tables The single table to select from, or a list of tables to join
664 2280 aaronmk
        together, with tables after the first being sql_gen.Join objects
665 1981 aaronmk
    @param fields Use None to select all fields in the table
666 2377 aaronmk
    @param conds WHERE conditions: [(compare_left_side, compare_right_side),...]
667 2379 aaronmk
        * container can be any iterable type
668 2399 aaronmk
        * compare_left_side: sql_gen.Code|str (for col name)
669
        * compare_right_side: sql_gen.ValueCond|literal value
670 2199 aaronmk
    @param distinct_on The columns to SELECT DISTINCT ON, or distinct_on_all to
671
        use all columns
672 2786 aaronmk
    @return query
673 1981 aaronmk
    '''
674 2315 aaronmk
    # Parse tables param
675 2964 aaronmk
    tables = lists.mk_seq(tables)
676 2141 aaronmk
    tables = list(tables) # don't modify input! (list() copies input)
677 2315 aaronmk
    table0 = sql_gen.as_Table(tables.pop(0)) # first table is separate
678 2121 aaronmk
679 2315 aaronmk
    # Parse other params
680 2376 aaronmk
    if conds == None: conds = []
681 2650 aaronmk
    elif dicts.is_dict(conds): conds = conds.items()
682 2379 aaronmk
    conds = list(conds) # don't modify input! (list() copies input)
683 3129 aaronmk
    assert limit == None or isinstance(limit, (int, long))
684
    assert start == None or isinstance(start, (int, long))
685 2315 aaronmk
    if order_by is order_by_pkey:
686 3421 aaronmk
        if table0 == None or distinct_on != []: order_by = None
687 2315 aaronmk
        else: order_by = pkey(db, table0, recover=True)
688 865 aaronmk
689 2315 aaronmk
    query = 'SELECT'
690 2056 aaronmk
691 2315 aaronmk
    def parse_col(col): return sql_gen.as_Col(col, default_table).to_str(db)
692 2056 aaronmk
693 2200 aaronmk
    # DISTINCT ON columns
694 2233 aaronmk
    if distinct_on != []:
695 2467 aaronmk
        query += '\nDISTINCT'
696 2254 aaronmk
        if distinct_on is not distinct_on_all:
697 2200 aaronmk
            query += ' ON ('+(', '.join(map(parse_col, distinct_on)))+')'
698
699
    # Columns
700 3185 aaronmk
    if query.find('\n') >= 0: whitespace = '\n'
701
    else: whitespace = ' '
702
    if fields == None: query += whitespace+'*'
703 2765 aaronmk
    else:
704
        assert fields != []
705 3185 aaronmk
        if len(fields) > 1: whitespace = '\n'
706
        query += whitespace+('\n, '.join(map(parse_col, fields)))
707 2200 aaronmk
708
    # Main table
709 3185 aaronmk
    if query.find('\n') >= 0 or len(tables) > 0: whitespace = '\n'
710
    else: whitespace = ' '
711 3420 aaronmk
    if table0 != None: query += whitespace+'FROM '+table0.to_str(db)
712 865 aaronmk
713 2122 aaronmk
    # Add joins
714 2271 aaronmk
    left_table = table0
715 2263 aaronmk
    for join_ in tables:
716
        table = join_.table
717 2238 aaronmk
718 2343 aaronmk
        # Parse special values
719
        if join_.type_ is sql_gen.filter_out: # filter no match
720 2376 aaronmk
            conds.append((sql_gen.Col(table_not_null_col(db, table), table),
721 2853 aaronmk
                sql_gen.CompareCond(None, '~=')))
722 2343 aaronmk
723 2467 aaronmk
        query += '\n'+join_.to_str(db, left_table)
724 2122 aaronmk
725
        left_table = table
726
727 865 aaronmk
    missing = True
728 2376 aaronmk
    if conds != []:
729 2576 aaronmk
        if len(conds) == 1: whitespace = ' '
730
        else: whitespace = '\n'
731 2578 aaronmk
        query += '\n'+sql_gen.combine_conds([sql_gen.ColValueCond(l, r)
732
            .to_str(db) for l, r in conds], 'WHERE')
733 2227 aaronmk
    if order_by != None:
734 2467 aaronmk
        query += '\nORDER BY '+sql_gen.as_Col(order_by, table0).to_str(db)
735 3297 aaronmk
    if limit != None: query += '\nLIMIT '+str(limit)
736 865 aaronmk
    if start != None:
737 2467 aaronmk
        if start != 0: query += '\nOFFSET '+str(start)
738 865 aaronmk
739 3494 aaronmk
    if explain: query = with_explain_comment(db, query)
740 3266 aaronmk
741 2786 aaronmk
    return query
742 11 aaronmk
743 2054 aaronmk
def select(db, *args, **kw_args):
744
    '''For params, see mk_select() and run_query()'''
745
    recover = kw_args.pop('recover', None)
746
    cacheable = kw_args.pop('cacheable', True)
747 2442 aaronmk
    log_level = kw_args.pop('log_level', 2)
748 2054 aaronmk
749 2791 aaronmk
    return run_query(db, mk_select(db, *args, **kw_args), recover, cacheable,
750
        log_level=log_level)
751 2054 aaronmk
752 2788 aaronmk
def mk_insert_select(db, table, cols=None, select_query=None, returning=None,
753 3181 aaronmk
    embeddable=False, ignore=False, src=None):
754 1960 aaronmk
    '''
755
    @param returning str|None An inserted column (such as pkey) to return
756 2070 aaronmk
    @param embeddable Whether the query should be embeddable as a nested SELECT.
757 2073 aaronmk
        Warning: If you set this and cacheable=True when the query is run, the
758
        query will be fully cached, not just if it raises an exception.
759 3009 aaronmk
    @param ignore Whether to ignore duplicate keys.
760 3181 aaronmk
    @param src Will be included in the name of any created function, to help
761
        identify the data source in pg_stat_activity.
762 1960 aaronmk
    '''
763 2754 aaronmk
    table = sql_gen.remove_table_rename(sql_gen.as_Table(table))
764 2318 aaronmk
    if cols == []: cols = None # no cols (all defaults) = unknown col names
765 3010 aaronmk
    if cols != None: cols = [sql_gen.to_name_only_col(c, table) for c in cols]
766 2063 aaronmk
    if select_query == None: select_query = 'DEFAULT VALUES'
767 2327 aaronmk
    if returning != None: returning = sql_gen.as_Col(returning, table)
768 2063 aaronmk
769 2497 aaronmk
    first_line = 'INSERT INTO '+table.to_str(db)
770 2063 aaronmk
771 3009 aaronmk
    def mk_insert(select_query):
772
        query = first_line
773 3014 aaronmk
        if cols != None:
774
            query += '\n('+(', '.join((c.to_str(db) for c in cols)))+')'
775 3009 aaronmk
        query += '\n'+select_query
776
777
        if returning != None:
778
            returning_name_col = sql_gen.to_name_only_col(returning)
779
            query += '\nRETURNING '+returning_name_col.to_str(db)
780
781
        return query
782 2063 aaronmk
783 3489 aaronmk
    return_type = sql_gen.CustomCode('unknown')
784
    if returning != None: return_type = sql_gen.ColType(returning)
785 3017 aaronmk
786 3009 aaronmk
    if ignore:
787 3017 aaronmk
        # Always return something to set the correct rowcount
788
        if returning == None: returning = sql_gen.NamedCol('NULL', None)
789
790 3009 aaronmk
        embeddable = True # must use function
791 3010 aaronmk
792 3450 aaronmk
        if cols == None: row = [sql_gen.Col(sql_gen.all_cols, 'row')]
793
        else: row = [sql_gen.Col(c.name, 'row') for c in cols]
794 3092 aaronmk
795 3484 aaronmk
        query = sql_gen.RowExcIgnore(sql_gen.RowType(table), select_query,
796 3497 aaronmk
            sql_gen.ReturnQuery(mk_insert(sql_gen.Values(row).to_str(db))),
797
            cols)
798 3009 aaronmk
    else: query = mk_insert(select_query)
799
800 2070 aaronmk
    if embeddable:
801
        # Create function
802 2513 aaronmk
        function_name = sql_gen.clean_name(first_line)
803 3181 aaronmk
        if src != None: function_name = src+': '+function_name
804 2189 aaronmk
        while True:
805
            try:
806 3451 aaronmk
                func = db.TempFunction(function_name)
807 3489 aaronmk
                def_ = sql_gen.FunctionDef(func, sql_gen.SetOf(return_type),
808
                    query)
809 2194 aaronmk
810 3443 aaronmk
                run_query(db, def_.to_str(db), recover=True, cacheable=True,
811 2945 aaronmk
                    log_ignore_excs=(DuplicateException,))
812 2189 aaronmk
                break # this version was successful
813 2945 aaronmk
            except DuplicateException, e:
814 2189 aaronmk
                function_name = next_version(function_name)
815
                # try again with next version of name
816 2070 aaronmk
817 2337 aaronmk
        # Return query that uses function
818 3009 aaronmk
        cols = None
819
        if returning != None: cols = [returning]
820 3451 aaronmk
        func_table = sql_gen.NamedTable('f', sql_gen.FunctionCall(func), cols)
821
            # AS clause requires function alias
822 3298 aaronmk
        return mk_select(db, func_table, order_by=None)
823 2070 aaronmk
824 2787 aaronmk
    return query
825 2066 aaronmk
826 3074 aaronmk
def insert_select(db, table, *args, **kw_args):
827 2085 aaronmk
    '''For params, see mk_insert_select() and run_query_into()
828 2386 aaronmk
    @param into sql_gen.Table with suggested name of temp table to put RETURNING
829
        values in
830 2072 aaronmk
    '''
831 3141 aaronmk
    returning = kw_args.get('returning', None)
832
    ignore = kw_args.get('ignore', False)
833
834 2386 aaronmk
    into = kw_args.pop('into', None)
835
    if into != None: kw_args['embeddable'] = True
836 2066 aaronmk
    recover = kw_args.pop('recover', None)
837 3141 aaronmk
    if ignore: recover = True
838 2066 aaronmk
    cacheable = kw_args.pop('cacheable', True)
839 2673 aaronmk
    log_level = kw_args.pop('log_level', 2)
840 2066 aaronmk
841 3141 aaronmk
    rowcount_only = ignore and returning == None # keep NULL rows on server
842
    if rowcount_only: into = sql_gen.Table('rowcount')
843
844 3074 aaronmk
    cur = run_query_into(db, mk_insert_select(db, table, *args, **kw_args),
845
        into, recover=recover, cacheable=cacheable, log_level=log_level)
846 3141 aaronmk
    if rowcount_only: empty_temp(db, into)
847 3074 aaronmk
    autoanalyze(db, table)
848
    return cur
849 2063 aaronmk
850 2738 aaronmk
default = sql_gen.default # tells insert() to use the default value for a column
851 2066 aaronmk
852 2063 aaronmk
def insert(db, table, row, *args, **kw_args):
853 2085 aaronmk
    '''For params, see insert_select()'''
854 1960 aaronmk
    if lists.is_seq(row): cols = None
855
    else:
856
        cols = row.keys()
857
        row = row.values()
858 2738 aaronmk
    row = list(row) # ensure that "== []" works
859 1960 aaronmk
860 2738 aaronmk
    if row == []: query = None
861
    else: query = sql_gen.Values(row).to_str(db)
862 1961 aaronmk
863 2788 aaronmk
    return insert_select(db, table, cols, query, *args, **kw_args)
864 11 aaronmk
865 3152 aaronmk
def mk_update(db, table, changes=None, cond=None, in_place=False,
866 3153 aaronmk
    cacheable_=True):
867 2402 aaronmk
    '''
868
    @param changes [(col, new_value),...]
869
        * container can be any iterable type
870
        * col: sql_gen.Code|str (for col name)
871
        * new_value: sql_gen.Code|literal value
872
    @param cond sql_gen.Code WHERE condition. e.g. use sql_gen.*Cond objects.
873 3056 aaronmk
    @param in_place If set, locks the table and updates rows in place.
874
        This avoids creating dead rows in PostgreSQL.
875
        * cond must be None
876 3153 aaronmk
    @param cacheable_ Whether column structure information used to generate the
877 3152 aaronmk
        query can be cached
878 2402 aaronmk
    @return str query
879
    '''
880 3057 aaronmk
    table = sql_gen.as_Table(table)
881
    changes = [(sql_gen.to_name_only_col(c, table), sql_gen.as_Value(v))
882
        for c, v in changes]
883
884 3056 aaronmk
    if in_place:
885
        assert cond == None
886 3058 aaronmk
887 3065 aaronmk
        query = 'ALTER TABLE '+table.to_str(db)+'\n'
888
        query += ',\n'.join(('ALTER COLUMN '+c.to_str(db)+' TYPE '
889 3153 aaronmk
            +db.col_info(sql_gen.with_default_table(c, table), cacheable_).type
890 3065 aaronmk
            +'\nUSING '+v.to_str(db) for c, v in changes))
891 3058 aaronmk
    else:
892
        query = 'UPDATE '+table.to_str(db)+'\nSET\n'
893
        query += ',\n'.join((c.to_str(db)+' = '+v.to_str(db)
894
            for c, v in changes))
895
        if cond != None: query += '\nWHERE\n'+cond.to_str(db)
896 3056 aaronmk
897 3266 aaronmk
    query = with_explain_comment(db, query)
898
899 2402 aaronmk
    return query
900
901 3074 aaronmk
def update(db, table, *args, **kw_args):
902 2402 aaronmk
    '''For params, see mk_update() and run_query()'''
903
    recover = kw_args.pop('recover', None)
904 3043 aaronmk
    cacheable = kw_args.pop('cacheable', False)
905 3030 aaronmk
    log_level = kw_args.pop('log_level', 2)
906 2402 aaronmk
907 3074 aaronmk
    cur = run_query(db, mk_update(db, table, *args, **kw_args), recover,
908
        cacheable, log_level=log_level)
909
    autoanalyze(db, table)
910
    return cur
911 2402 aaronmk
912 3286 aaronmk
def mk_delete(db, table, cond=None):
913
    '''
914
    @param cond sql_gen.Code WHERE condition. e.g. use sql_gen.*Cond objects.
915
    @return str query
916
    '''
917
    query = 'DELETE FROM '+table.to_str(db)
918
    if cond != None: query += '\nWHERE '+cond.to_str(db)
919
920
    query = with_explain_comment(db, query)
921
922
    return query
923
924
def delete(db, table, *args, **kw_args):
925
    '''For params, see mk_delete() and run_query()'''
926
    recover = kw_args.pop('recover', None)
927 3295 aaronmk
    cacheable = kw_args.pop('cacheable', True)
928 3286 aaronmk
    log_level = kw_args.pop('log_level', 2)
929
930
    cur = run_query(db, mk_delete(db, table, *args, **kw_args), recover,
931
        cacheable, log_level=log_level)
932
    autoanalyze(db, table)
933
    return cur
934
935 135 aaronmk
def last_insert_id(db):
936 1849 aaronmk
    module = util.root_module(db.db)
937 135 aaronmk
    if module == 'psycopg2': return value(run_query(db, 'SELECT lastval()'))
938
    elif module == 'MySQLdb': return db.insert_id()
939
    else: return None
940 13 aaronmk
941 3490 aaronmk
def define_func(db, def_):
942
    func = def_.function
943
    while True:
944
        try:
945
            run_query(db, def_.to_str(db), recover=True, cacheable=True,
946
                log_ignore_excs=(DuplicateException,))
947
            break # successful
948
        except DuplicateException:
949 3495 aaronmk
            func.name = next_version(func.name)
950 3490 aaronmk
            # try again with next version of name
951
952 2394 aaronmk
def mk_flatten_mapping(db, into, cols, preserve=[], as_items=False):
953 2383 aaronmk
    '''Creates a mapping from original column names (which may have collisions)
954 2415 aaronmk
    to names that will be distinct among the columns' tables.
955 2383 aaronmk
    This is meant to be used for several tables that are being joined together.
956 2415 aaronmk
    @param cols The columns to combine. Duplicates will be removed.
957
    @param into The table for the new columns.
958 2394 aaronmk
    @param preserve [sql_gen.Col...] Columns not to rename. Note that these
959
        columns will be included in the mapping even if they are not in cols.
960
        The tables of the provided Col objects will be changed to into, so make
961
        copies of them if you want to keep the original tables.
962
    @param as_items Whether to return a list of dict items instead of a dict
963 2383 aaronmk
    @return dict(orig_col=new_col, ...)
964
        * orig_col: sql_gen.Col(orig_col_name, orig_table)
965 2392 aaronmk
        * new_col: sql_gen.Col(orig_col_name, into)
966
        * All mappings use the into table so its name can easily be
967 2383 aaronmk
          changed for all columns at once
968
    '''
969 2415 aaronmk
    cols = lists.uniqify(cols)
970
971 2394 aaronmk
    items = []
972 2389 aaronmk
    for col in preserve:
973 2390 aaronmk
        orig_col = copy.copy(col)
974 2392 aaronmk
        col.table = into
975 2394 aaronmk
        items.append((orig_col, col))
976
    preserve = set(preserve)
977
    for col in cols:
978 2716 aaronmk
        if col not in preserve:
979
            items.append((col, sql_gen.Col(str(col), into, col.srcs)))
980 2394 aaronmk
981
    if not as_items: items = dict(items)
982
    return items
983 2383 aaronmk
984 2393 aaronmk
def flatten(db, into, joins, cols, limit=None, start=None, **kw_args):
985 2391 aaronmk
    '''For params, see mk_flatten_mapping()
986
    @return See return value of mk_flatten_mapping()
987
    '''
988 2394 aaronmk
    items = mk_flatten_mapping(db, into, cols, as_items=True, **kw_args)
989
    cols = [sql_gen.NamedCol(new.name, old) for old, new in items]
990 3296 aaronmk
    run_query_into(db, mk_select(db, joins, cols, order_by=None, limit=limit,
991 3305 aaronmk
        start=start), into=into, add_pkey_=True)
992 3708 aaronmk
        # don't cache because the temp table will usually be truncated after use
993 2394 aaronmk
    return dict(items)
994 2391 aaronmk
995 3079 aaronmk
##### Database structure introspection
996 2414 aaronmk
997 3321 aaronmk
#### Expressions
998
999 3353 aaronmk
bool_re = r'(?:true|false)'
1000
1001
def simplify_expr(expr):
1002
    expr = expr.replace('(NULL IS NULL)', 'true')
1003
    expr = expr.replace('(NULL IS NOT NULL)', 'false')
1004
    expr = re.sub(r' OR '+bool_re, r'', expr)
1005
    expr = re.sub(bool_re+r' OR ', r'', expr)
1006
    while True:
1007
        expr, n = re.subn(r'\((\([^()]*\))\)', r'\1', expr)
1008
        if n == 0: break
1009
    return expr
1010
1011 3321 aaronmk
name_re = r'(?:\w+|(?:"[^"]*")+)'
1012
1013
def parse_expr_col(str_):
1014
    match = re.match(r'^\('+name_re+r'\(('+name_re+r').*\)\)$', str_)
1015
    if match: str_ = match.group(1)
1016
    return sql_gen.unesc_name(str_)
1017
1018 3351 aaronmk
def map_expr(db, expr, mapping, in_cols_found=None):
1019
    '''Replaces output columns with input columns in an expression.
1020
    @param in_cols_found If set, will be filled in with the expr's (input) cols
1021
    '''
1022
    for out, in_ in mapping.iteritems():
1023
        orig_expr = expr
1024
        out = sql_gen.to_name_only_col(out)
1025
        in_str = sql_gen.to_name_only_col(sql_gen.remove_col_rename(in_)
1026
            ).to_str(db)
1027
1028
        # Replace out both with and without quotes
1029
        expr = expr.replace(out.to_str(db), in_str)
1030
        expr = re.sub(r'\b'+out.name+r'\b', in_str, expr)
1031
1032
        if in_cols_found != None and expr != orig_expr: # replaced something
1033
            in_cols_found.append(in_)
1034 3353 aaronmk
1035
    return simplify_expr(expr)
1036 3351 aaronmk
1037 3079 aaronmk
#### Tables
1038
1039
def tables(db, schema_like='public', table_like='%', exact=False):
1040
    if exact: compare = '='
1041
    else: compare = 'LIKE'
1042
1043
    module = util.root_module(db.db)
1044
    if module == 'psycopg2':
1045
        conds = [('schemaname', sql_gen.CompareCond(schema_like, compare)),
1046
            ('tablename', sql_gen.CompareCond(table_like, compare))]
1047
        return values(select(db, 'pg_tables', ['tablename'], conds,
1048
            order_by='tablename', log_level=4))
1049
    elif module == 'MySQLdb':
1050
        return values(run_query(db, 'SHOW TABLES LIKE '+db.esc_value(table_like)
1051
            , cacheable=True, log_level=4))
1052
    else: raise NotImplementedError("Can't list tables for "+module+' database')
1053
1054
def table_exists(db, table):
1055
    table = sql_gen.as_Table(table)
1056
    return list(tables(db, table.schema, table.name, exact=True)) != []
1057
1058 2426 aaronmk
def table_row_count(db, table, recover=None):
1059 2786 aaronmk
    return value(run_query(db, mk_select(db, table, [sql_gen.row_count],
1060 3298 aaronmk
        order_by=None), recover=recover, log_level=3))
1061 2426 aaronmk
1062 2414 aaronmk
def table_cols(db, table, recover=None):
1063
    return list(col_names(select(db, table, limit=0, order_by=None,
1064 2443 aaronmk
        recover=recover, log_level=4)))
1065 2414 aaronmk
1066 2291 aaronmk
def pkey(db, table, recover=None):
1067 832 aaronmk
    '''Assumed to be first column in table'''
1068 2339 aaronmk
    return table_cols(db, table, recover)[0]
1069 832 aaronmk
1070 2559 aaronmk
not_null_col = 'not_null_col'
1071 2340 aaronmk
1072
def table_not_null_col(db, table, recover=None):
1073
    '''Name assumed to be the value of not_null_col. If not found, uses pkey.'''
1074
    if not_null_col in table_cols(db, table, recover): return not_null_col
1075
    else: return pkey(db, table, recover)
1076
1077 3348 aaronmk
def constraint_cond(db, constraint):
1078
    module = util.root_module(db.db)
1079
    if module == 'psycopg2':
1080
        table_str = sql_gen.Literal(constraint.table.to_str(db))
1081
        name_str = sql_gen.Literal(constraint.name)
1082
        return value(run_query(db, '''\
1083
SELECT consrc
1084
FROM pg_constraint
1085
WHERE
1086
conrelid = '''+table_str.to_str(db)+'''::regclass
1087
AND conname = '''+name_str.to_str(db)+'''
1088
'''
1089
            , cacheable=True, log_level=4))
1090
    else: raise NotImplementedError("Can't list index columns for "+module+
1091
        ' database')
1092
1093 3319 aaronmk
def index_cols(db, index):
1094 853 aaronmk
    '''Can also use this for UNIQUE constraints, because a UNIQUE index is
1095
    automatically created. When you don't know whether something is a UNIQUE
1096
    constraint or a UNIQUE index, use this function.'''
1097 3322 aaronmk
    index = sql_gen.as_Table(index)
1098 1909 aaronmk
    module = util.root_module(db.db)
1099
    if module == 'psycopg2':
1100 3322 aaronmk
        qual_index = sql_gen.Literal(index.to_str(db))
1101
        return map(parse_expr_col, values(run_query(db, '''\
1102
SELECT pg_get_indexdef(indexrelid, generate_series(1, indnatts), true)
1103
FROM pg_index
1104
WHERE indexrelid = '''+qual_index.to_str(db)+'''::regclass
1105 2782 aaronmk
'''
1106
            , cacheable=True, log_level=4)))
1107 1909 aaronmk
    else: raise NotImplementedError("Can't list index columns for "+module+
1108
        ' database')
1109 853 aaronmk
1110 3079 aaronmk
#### Functions
1111
1112
def function_exists(db, function):
1113 3423 aaronmk
    qual_function = sql_gen.Literal(function.to_str(db))
1114
    try:
1115 3425 aaronmk
        select(db, fields=[sql_gen.Cast('regproc', qual_function)],
1116
            recover=True, cacheable=True, log_level=4)
1117 3423 aaronmk
    except DoesNotExistException: return False
1118
    else: return True
1119 3079 aaronmk
1120
##### Structural changes
1121
1122
#### Columns
1123
1124
def add_col(db, table, col, comment=None, **kw_args):
1125
    '''
1126
    @param col TypedCol Name may be versioned, so be sure to propagate any
1127
        renaming back to any source column for the TypedCol.
1128
    @param comment None|str SQL comment used to distinguish columns of the same
1129
        name from each other when they contain different data, to allow the
1130
        ADD COLUMN query to be cached. If not set, query will not be cached.
1131
    '''
1132
    assert isinstance(col, sql_gen.TypedCol)
1133
1134
    while True:
1135
        str_ = 'ALTER TABLE '+table.to_str(db)+' ADD COLUMN '+col.to_str(db)
1136
        if comment != None: str_ += ' '+sql_gen.esc_comment(comment)
1137
1138
        try:
1139
            run_query(db, str_, recover=True, cacheable=True, **kw_args)
1140
            break
1141
        except DuplicateException:
1142
            col.name = next_version(col.name)
1143
            # try again with next version of name
1144
1145
def add_not_null(db, col):
1146
    table = col.table
1147
    col = sql_gen.to_name_only_col(col)
1148
    run_query(db, 'ALTER TABLE '+table.to_str(db)+' ALTER COLUMN '
1149
        +col.to_str(db)+' SET NOT NULL', cacheable=True, log_level=3)
1150
1151 2096 aaronmk
row_num_col = '_row_num'
1152
1153 3079 aaronmk
row_num_typed_col = sql_gen.TypedCol(row_num_col, 'serial', nullable=False,
1154
    constraints='PRIMARY KEY')
1155
1156
def add_row_num(db, table):
1157
    '''Adds a row number column to a table. Its name is in row_num_col. It will
1158
    be the primary key.'''
1159
    add_col(db, table, row_num_typed_col, log_level=3)
1160
1161
#### Indexes
1162
1163
def add_pkey(db, table, cols=None, recover=None):
1164
    '''Adds a primary key.
1165
    @param cols [sql_gen.Col,...] The columns in the primary key.
1166
        Defaults to the first column in the table.
1167
    @pre The table must not already have a primary key.
1168
    '''
1169
    table = sql_gen.as_Table(table)
1170
    if cols == None: cols = [pkey(db, table, recover)]
1171
    col_strs = [sql_gen.to_name_only_col(v).to_str(db) for v in cols]
1172
1173
    run_query(db, 'ALTER TABLE '+table.to_str(db)+' ADD PRIMARY KEY ('
1174
        +(', '.join(col_strs))+')', recover=True, cacheable=True, log_level=3,
1175
        log_ignore_excs=(DuplicateException,))
1176
1177 2998 aaronmk
def add_index(db, exprs, table=None, unique=False, ensure_not_null_=True):
1178 2688 aaronmk
    '''Adds an index on column(s) or expression(s) if it doesn't already exist.
1179 3356 aaronmk
    Currently, only function calls and literal values are supported expressions.
1180 2998 aaronmk
    @param ensure_not_null_ If set, translates NULL values to sentinel values.
1181 2847 aaronmk
        This allows indexes to be used for comparisons where NULLs are equal.
1182 2538 aaronmk
    '''
1183 2964 aaronmk
    exprs = lists.mk_seq(exprs)
1184 2538 aaronmk
1185 2688 aaronmk
    # Parse exprs
1186
    old_exprs = exprs[:]
1187
    exprs = []
1188
    cols = []
1189
    for i, expr in enumerate(old_exprs):
1190 2823 aaronmk
        expr = sql_gen.as_Col(expr, table)
1191 2688 aaronmk
1192 2823 aaronmk
        # Handle nullable columns
1193 2998 aaronmk
        if ensure_not_null_:
1194 3164 aaronmk
            try: expr = sql_gen.ensure_not_null(db, expr)
1195 2860 aaronmk
            except KeyError: pass # unknown type, so just create plain index
1196 2823 aaronmk
1197 2688 aaronmk
        # Extract col
1198 3002 aaronmk
        expr = copy.deepcopy(expr) # don't modify input!
1199 3356 aaronmk
        col = expr
1200
        if isinstance(expr, sql_gen.FunctionCall): col = expr.args[0]
1201
        expr = sql_gen.cast_literal(expr)
1202
        if not isinstance(expr, (sql_gen.Expr, sql_gen.Col)):
1203 2688 aaronmk
            expr = sql_gen.Expr(expr)
1204 3356 aaronmk
1205 2688 aaronmk
1206
        # Extract table
1207
        if table == None:
1208
            assert sql_gen.is_table_col(col)
1209
            table = col.table
1210
1211 3356 aaronmk
        if isinstance(col, sql_gen.Col): col.table = None
1212 2688 aaronmk
1213
        exprs.append(expr)
1214
        cols.append(col)
1215 2408 aaronmk
1216 2688 aaronmk
    table = sql_gen.as_Table(table)
1217
1218 3005 aaronmk
    # Add index
1219 3148 aaronmk
    str_ = 'CREATE'
1220
    if unique: str_ += ' UNIQUE'
1221
    str_ += ' INDEX ON '+table.to_str(db)+' ('+(
1222
        ', '.join((v.to_str(db) for v in exprs)))+')'
1223
    run_query(db, str_, recover=True, cacheable=True, log_level=3)
1224 2408 aaronmk
1225 3083 aaronmk
already_indexed = object() # tells add_indexes() the pkey has already been added
1226
1227
def add_indexes(db, table, has_pkey=True):
1228
    '''Adds an index on all columns in a table.
1229
    @param has_pkey bool|already_indexed Whether a pkey instead of a regular
1230
        index should be added on the first column.
1231
        * If already_indexed, the pkey is assumed to have already been added
1232
    '''
1233
    cols = table_cols(db, table)
1234
    if has_pkey:
1235
        if has_pkey is not already_indexed: add_pkey(db, table)
1236
        cols = cols[1:]
1237
    for col in cols: add_index(db, col, table)
1238
1239 3079 aaronmk
#### Tables
1240 2772 aaronmk
1241 3079 aaronmk
### Maintenance
1242 2772 aaronmk
1243 3079 aaronmk
def analyze(db, table):
1244
    table = sql_gen.as_Table(table)
1245
    run_query(db, 'ANALYZE '+table.to_str(db), log_level=3)
1246 2934 aaronmk
1247 3079 aaronmk
def autoanalyze(db, table):
1248
    if db.autoanalyze: analyze(db, table)
1249 2935 aaronmk
1250 3079 aaronmk
def vacuum(db, table):
1251
    table = sql_gen.as_Table(table)
1252
    db.with_autocommit(lambda: run_query(db, 'VACUUM ANALYZE '+table.to_str(db),
1253
        log_level=3))
1254 2086 aaronmk
1255 3079 aaronmk
### Lifecycle
1256
1257 3247 aaronmk
def drop(db, type_, name):
1258
    name = sql_gen.as_Name(name)
1259
    run_query(db, 'DROP '+type_+' IF EXISTS '+name.to_str(db)+' CASCADE')
1260 2889 aaronmk
1261 3247 aaronmk
def drop_table(db, table): drop(db, 'TABLE', table)
1262
1263 3082 aaronmk
def create_table(db, table, cols=[], has_pkey=True, col_indexes=True,
1264
    like=None):
1265 2675 aaronmk
    '''Creates a table.
1266 2681 aaronmk
    @param cols [sql_gen.TypedCol,...] The column names and types
1267
    @param has_pkey If set, the first column becomes the primary key.
1268 2760 aaronmk
    @param col_indexes bool|[ref]
1269
        * If True, indexes will be added on all non-pkey columns.
1270
        * If a list reference, [0] will be set to a function to do this.
1271
          This can be used to delay index creation until the table is populated.
1272 2675 aaronmk
    '''
1273
    table = sql_gen.as_Table(table)
1274
1275 3082 aaronmk
    if like != None:
1276
        cols = [sql_gen.CustomCode('LIKE '+like.to_str(db)+' INCLUDING ALL')
1277
            ]+cols
1278 2681 aaronmk
    if has_pkey:
1279
        cols[0] = pkey = copy.copy(cols[0]) # don't modify input!
1280 2872 aaronmk
        pkey.constraints = 'PRIMARY KEY'
1281 2681 aaronmk
1282 3085 aaronmk
    temp = table.is_temp and not db.debug_temp
1283
        # temp tables permanent in debug_temp mode
1284 2760 aaronmk
1285 3085 aaronmk
    # Create table
1286 3383 aaronmk
    def create():
1287 3085 aaronmk
        str_ = 'CREATE'
1288
        if temp: str_ += ' TEMP'
1289
        str_ += ' TABLE '+table.to_str(db)+' (\n'
1290
        str_ += '\n, '.join(c.to_str(db) for c in cols)
1291 3126 aaronmk
        str_ += '\n);'
1292 3085 aaronmk
1293 3383 aaronmk
        run_query(db, str_, recover=True, cacheable=True, log_level=2,
1294
            log_ignore_excs=(DuplicateException,))
1295
    if table.is_temp:
1296
        while True:
1297
            try:
1298
                create()
1299
                break
1300
            except DuplicateException:
1301
                table.name = next_version(table.name)
1302
                # try again with next version of name
1303
    else: create()
1304 3085 aaronmk
1305 2760 aaronmk
    # Add indexes
1306 2773 aaronmk
    if has_pkey: has_pkey = already_indexed
1307
    def add_indexes_(): add_indexes(db, table, has_pkey)
1308
    if isinstance(col_indexes, list): col_indexes[0] = add_indexes_ # defer
1309
    elif col_indexes: add_indexes_() # add now
1310 2675 aaronmk
1311 3084 aaronmk
def copy_table_struct(db, src, dest):
1312
    '''Creates a structure-only copy of a table. (Does not copy data.)'''
1313 3085 aaronmk
    create_table(db, dest, has_pkey=False, col_indexes=False, like=src)
1314 3084 aaronmk
1315 3079 aaronmk
### Data
1316 2684 aaronmk
1317 2970 aaronmk
def truncate(db, table, schema='public', **kw_args):
1318
    '''For params, see run_query()'''
1319 2777 aaronmk
    table = sql_gen.as_Table(table, schema)
1320 2970 aaronmk
    return run_query(db, 'TRUNCATE '+table.to_str(db)+' CASCADE', **kw_args)
1321 2732 aaronmk
1322 2965 aaronmk
def empty_temp(db, tables):
1323
    tables = lists.mk_seq(tables)
1324 2971 aaronmk
    for table in tables: truncate(db, table, log_level=3)
1325 2965 aaronmk
1326 1968 aaronmk
def empty_db(db, schema='public', **kw_args):
1327
    '''For kw_args, see tables()'''
1328
    for table in tables(db, schema, **kw_args): truncate(db, table, schema)
1329 3094 aaronmk
1330
def distinct_table(db, table, distinct_on):
1331
    '''Creates a copy of a temp table which is distinct on the given columns.
1332 3099 aaronmk
    The old and new tables will both get an index on these columns, to
1333
    facilitate merge joins.
1334 3097 aaronmk
    @param distinct_on If empty, creates a table with one row. This is useful if
1335
        your distinct_on columns are all literal values.
1336 3099 aaronmk
    @return The new table.
1337 3094 aaronmk
    '''
1338 3099 aaronmk
    new_table = sql_gen.suffixed_table(table, '_distinct')
1339 3411 aaronmk
    distinct_on = filter(sql_gen.is_table_col, distinct_on)
1340 3094 aaronmk
1341 3099 aaronmk
    copy_table_struct(db, table, new_table)
1342 3097 aaronmk
1343
    limit = None
1344
    if distinct_on == []: limit = 1 # one sample row
1345 3099 aaronmk
    else:
1346
        add_index(db, distinct_on, new_table, unique=True)
1347
        add_index(db, distinct_on, table) # for join optimization
1348 3097 aaronmk
1349 3313 aaronmk
    insert_select(db, new_table, None, mk_select(db, table, order_by=None,
1350
        limit=limit), ignore=True)
1351 3099 aaronmk
    analyze(db, new_table)
1352 3094 aaronmk
1353 3099 aaronmk
    return new_table