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1 11 aaronmk
# Database access
2
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import copy
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import re
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import time
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import warnings
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import exc
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import dicts
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import iters
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import lists
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import profiling
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from Proxy import Proxy
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import rand
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import sql_gen
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import strings
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import util
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##### Exceptions
20
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def get_cur_query(cur, input_query=None):
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    raw_query = None
23
    if hasattr(cur, 'query'): raw_query = cur.query
24
    elif hasattr(cur, '_last_executed'): raw_query = cur._last_executed
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26
    if raw_query != None: return raw_query
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    else: return '[input] '+strings.ustr(input_query)
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def _add_cursor_info(e, *args, **kw_args):
30
    '''For params, see get_cur_query()'''
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    exc.add_msg(e, 'query: '+strings.ustr(get_cur_query(*args, **kw_args)))
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class DbException(exc.ExceptionWithCause):
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    def __init__(self, msg, cause=None, cur=None):
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        exc.ExceptionWithCause.__init__(self, msg, cause, cause_newline=True)
36 14 aaronmk
        if cur != None: _add_cursor_info(self, cur)
37
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class ExceptionWithName(DbException):
39
    def __init__(self, name, cause=None):
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        DbException.__init__(self, 'for name: '+strings.as_tt(str(name)), cause)
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        self.name = name
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class ExceptionWithValue(DbException):
44
    def __init__(self, value, cause=None):
45
        DbException.__init__(self, 'for value: '+strings.as_tt(repr(value)),
46
            cause)
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        self.value = value
48
49 2945 aaronmk
class ExceptionWithNameType(DbException):
50
    def __init__(self, type_, name, cause=None):
51
        DbException.__init__(self, 'for type: '+strings.as_tt(str(type_))
52
            +'; name: '+strings.as_tt(name), cause)
53
        self.type = type_
54
        self.name = name
55
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class ConstraintException(DbException):
57
    def __init__(self, name, cols, cause=None):
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        DbException.__init__(self, 'Violated '+strings.as_tt(name)
59
            +' constraint on columns: '+strings.as_tt(', '.join(cols)), cause)
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        self.name = name
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        self.cols = cols
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class MissingCastException(DbException):
64
    def __init__(self, type_, col, cause=None):
65
        DbException.__init__(self, 'Missing cast to type '+strings.as_tt(type_)
66
            +' on column: '+strings.as_tt(col), cause)
67
        self.type = type_
68
        self.col = col
69
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class NameException(DbException): pass
71
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class DuplicateKeyException(ConstraintException): pass
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class NullValueException(ConstraintException): pass
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class InvalidValueException(ExceptionWithValue): pass
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class DuplicateException(ExceptionWithNameType): pass
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class EmptyRowException(DbException): pass
81
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##### Warnings
83
84
class DbWarning(UserWarning): pass
85
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##### Result retrieval
87
88
def col_names(cur): return (col[0] for col in cur.description)
89
90
def rows(cur): return iter(lambda: cur.fetchone(), None)
91
92
def consume_rows(cur):
93
    '''Used to fetch all rows so result will be cached'''
94
    iters.consume_iter(rows(cur))
95
96
def next_row(cur): return rows(cur).next()
97
98
def row(cur):
99
    row_ = next_row(cur)
100
    consume_rows(cur)
101
    return row_
102
103
def next_value(cur): return next_row(cur)[0]
104
105
def value(cur): return row(cur)[0]
106
107
def values(cur): return iters.func_iter(lambda: next_value(cur))
108
109
def value_or_none(cur):
110
    try: return value(cur)
111
    except StopIteration: return None
112
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##### Escaping
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def esc_name_by_module(module, name):
116
    if module == 'psycopg2' or module == None: quote = '"'
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    elif module == 'MySQLdb': quote = '`'
118
    else: raise NotImplementedError("Can't escape name for "+module+' database')
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    return sql_gen.esc_name(name, quote)
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121
def esc_name_by_engine(engine, name, **kw_args):
122
    return esc_name_by_module(db_engines[engine][0], name, **kw_args)
123
124
def esc_name(db, name, **kw_args):
125
    return esc_name_by_module(util.root_module(db.db), name, **kw_args)
126
127
def qual_name(db, schema, table):
128
    def esc_name_(name): return esc_name(db, name)
129
    table = esc_name_(table)
130
    if schema != None: return esc_name_(schema)+'.'+table
131
    else: return table
132
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##### Database connections
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db_config_names = ['engine', 'host', 'user', 'password', 'database', 'schemas']
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db_engines = {
138
    'MySQL': ('MySQLdb', {'password': 'passwd', 'database': 'db'}),
139
    'PostgreSQL': ('psycopg2', {}),
140
}
141
142
DatabaseErrors_set = set([DbException])
143
DatabaseErrors = tuple(DatabaseErrors_set)
144
145
def _add_module(module):
146
    DatabaseErrors_set.add(module.DatabaseError)
147
    global DatabaseErrors
148
    DatabaseErrors = tuple(DatabaseErrors_set)
149
150
def db_config_str(db_config):
151
    return db_config['engine']+' database '+db_config['database']
152
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log_debug_none = lambda msg, level=2: None
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class DbConn:
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    def __init__(self, db_config, autocommit=True, caching=True,
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        log_debug=log_debug_none, debug_temp=False, src=None):
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        '''
159
        @param debug_temp Whether temporary objects should instead be permanent.
160
            This assists in debugging the internal objects used by the program.
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        @param src In autocommit mode, will be included in a comment in every
162
            query, to help identify the data source in pg_stat_activity.
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        '''
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        self.db_config = db_config
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        self.autocommit = autocommit
166
        self.caching = caching
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        self.log_debug = log_debug
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        self.debug = log_debug != log_debug_none
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        self.debug_temp = debug_temp
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        self.src = src
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        self.autoanalyze = False
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        self.autoexplain = False
173
        self.profile_row_ct = None
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        self._savepoint = 0
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        self._reset()
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178
    def __getattr__(self, name):
179
        if name == '__dict__': raise Exception('getting __dict__')
180
        if name == 'db': return self._db()
181
        else: raise AttributeError()
182
183
    def __getstate__(self):
184
        state = copy.copy(self.__dict__) # shallow copy
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        state['log_debug'] = None # don't pickle the debug callback
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        state['_DbConn__db'] = None # don't pickle the connection
187
        return state
188
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    def clear_cache(self): self.query_results = {}
190
191 3120 aaronmk
    def _reset(self):
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        self.clear_cache()
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        assert self._savepoint == 0
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        self._notices_seen = set()
195
        self.__db = None
196
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    def connected(self): return self.__db != None
198
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    def close(self):
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        if not self.connected(): return
201
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        # Record that the automatic transaction is now closed
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        self._savepoint -= 1
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        self.db.close()
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        self._reset()
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    def reconnect(self):
209
        # Do not do this in test mode as it would roll back everything
210
        if self.autocommit: self.close()
211
        # Connection will be reopened automatically on first query
212
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    def _db(self):
214
        if self.__db == None:
215
            # Process db_config
216
            db_config = self.db_config.copy() # don't modify input!
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            schemas = db_config.pop('schemas', None)
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            module_name, mappings = db_engines[db_config.pop('engine')]
219
            module = __import__(module_name)
220
            _add_module(module)
221
            for orig, new in mappings.iteritems():
222
                try: util.rename_key(db_config, orig, new)
223
                except KeyError: pass
224
225
            # Connect
226
            self.__db = module.connect(**db_config)
227
228 3161 aaronmk
            # Record that a transaction is already open
229
            self._savepoint += 1
230
231 1869 aaronmk
            # Configure connection
232 2906 aaronmk
            if hasattr(self.db, 'set_isolation_level'):
233
                import psycopg2.extensions
234
                self.db.set_isolation_level(
235
                    psycopg2.extensions.ISOLATION_LEVEL_READ_COMMITTED)
236 2101 aaronmk
            if schemas != None:
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                search_path = [self.esc_name(s) for s in schemas.split(',')]
238
                search_path.append(value(run_query(self, 'SHOW search_path',
239
                    log_level=4)))
240
                run_query(self, 'SET search_path TO '+(','.join(search_path)),
241
                    log_level=3)
242 1869 aaronmk
243
        return self.__db
244 1889 aaronmk
245 1891 aaronmk
    class DbCursor(Proxy):
246 1927 aaronmk
        def __init__(self, outer):
247 1891 aaronmk
            Proxy.__init__(self, outer.db.cursor())
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            self.outer = outer
249 1927 aaronmk
            self.query_results = outer.query_results
250 1894 aaronmk
            self.query_lookup = None
251 1891 aaronmk
            self.result = []
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253 2802 aaronmk
        def execute(self, query):
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            self._is_insert = query.startswith('INSERT')
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            self.query_lookup = query
256 2148 aaronmk
            try:
257 3162 aaronmk
                try: cur = self.inner.execute(query)
258 2802 aaronmk
                finally: self.query = get_cur_query(self.inner, query)
259 1904 aaronmk
            except Exception, e:
260
                self.result = e # cache the exception as the result
261
                self._cache_result()
262
                raise
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264
            # Always cache certain queries
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            query = sql_gen.lstrip(query)
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            if query.startswith('CREATE') or query.startswith('ALTER'):
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                # structural changes
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                # Rest of query must be unique in the face of name collisions,
269
                # so don't cache ADD COLUMN unless it has distinguishing comment
270
                if query.find('ADD COLUMN') < 0 or query.endswith('*/'):
271 3007 aaronmk
                    self._cache_result()
272 3004 aaronmk
            elif self.rowcount == 0 and query.startswith('SELECT'): # empty
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                consume_rows(self) # fetch all rows so result will be cached
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275 2762 aaronmk
            return cur
276 1894 aaronmk
277 1891 aaronmk
        def fetchone(self):
278
            row = self.inner.fetchone()
279 1899 aaronmk
            if row != None: self.result.append(row)
280
            # otherwise, fetched all rows
281 1904 aaronmk
            else: self._cache_result()
282
            return row
283
284
        def _cache_result(self):
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            # For inserts that return a result set, don't cache result set since
286
            # inserts are not idempotent. Other non-SELECT queries don't have
287
            # their result set read, so only exceptions will be cached (an
288
            # invalid query will always be invalid).
289 1930 aaronmk
            if self.query_results != None and (not self._is_insert
290 1906 aaronmk
                or isinstance(self.result, Exception)):
291
292 1894 aaronmk
                assert self.query_lookup != None
293 1916 aaronmk
                self.query_results[self.query_lookup] = self.CacheCursor(
294
                    util.dict_subset(dicts.AttrsDictView(self),
295
                    ['query', 'result', 'rowcount', 'description']))
296 1906 aaronmk
297 1916 aaronmk
        class CacheCursor:
298
            def __init__(self, cached_result): self.__dict__ = cached_result
299
300 1927 aaronmk
            def execute(self, *args, **kw_args):
301 1916 aaronmk
                if isinstance(self.result, Exception): raise self.result
302
                # otherwise, result is a rows list
303
                self.iter = iter(self.result)
304
305
            def fetchone(self):
306
                try: return self.iter.next()
307
                except StopIteration: return None
308 1891 aaronmk
309 2212 aaronmk
    def esc_value(self, value):
310 2663 aaronmk
        try: str_ = self.mogrify('%s', [value])
311
        except NotImplementedError, e:
312
            module = util.root_module(self.db)
313
            if module == 'MySQLdb':
314
                import _mysql
315
                str_ = _mysql.escape_string(value)
316
            else: raise e
317 2374 aaronmk
        return strings.to_unicode(str_)
318 2212 aaronmk
319 2347 aaronmk
    def esc_name(self, name): return esc_name(self, name) # calls global func
320
321 2814 aaronmk
    def std_code(self, str_):
322
        '''Standardizes SQL code.
323
        * Ensures that string literals are prefixed by `E`
324
        '''
325
        if str_.startswith("'"): str_ = 'E'+str_
326
        return str_
327
328 2665 aaronmk
    def can_mogrify(self):
329 2663 aaronmk
        module = util.root_module(self.db)
330 2665 aaronmk
        return module == 'psycopg2'
331 2663 aaronmk
332 2665 aaronmk
    def mogrify(self, query, params=None):
333
        if self.can_mogrify(): return self.db.cursor().mogrify(query, params)
334
        else: raise NotImplementedError("Can't mogrify query")
335
336 2671 aaronmk
    def print_notices(self):
337 2725 aaronmk
        if hasattr(self.db, 'notices'):
338
            for msg in self.db.notices:
339
                if msg not in self._notices_seen:
340
                    self._notices_seen.add(msg)
341
                    self.log_debug(msg, level=2)
342 2671 aaronmk
343 2793 aaronmk
    def run_query(self, query, cacheable=False, log_level=2,
344 2464 aaronmk
        debug_msg_ref=None):
345 2445 aaronmk
        '''
346 2464 aaronmk
        @param log_ignore_excs The log_level will be increased by 2 if the query
347
            throws one of these exceptions.
348 2664 aaronmk
        @param debug_msg_ref If specified, the log message will be returned in
349
            this instead of being output. This allows you to filter log messages
350
            depending on the result of the query.
351 2445 aaronmk
        '''
352 2167 aaronmk
        assert query != None
353
354 3183 aaronmk
        if self.autocommit and self.src != None:
355 3206 aaronmk
            query = sql_gen.esc_comment(self.src)+'\t'+query
356 3183 aaronmk
357 2047 aaronmk
        if not self.caching: cacheable = False
358 1903 aaronmk
        used_cache = False
359 2664 aaronmk
360 3242 aaronmk
        if self.debug:
361
            profiler = profiling.ItersProfiler(start_now=True, iter_text='row')
362 1903 aaronmk
        try:
363 1927 aaronmk
            # Get cursor
364
            if cacheable:
365 3238 aaronmk
                try: cur = self.query_results[query]
366 1927 aaronmk
                except KeyError: cur = self.DbCursor(self)
367 3238 aaronmk
                else: used_cache = True
368 1927 aaronmk
            else: cur = self.db.cursor()
369
370
            # Run query
371 3238 aaronmk
            try: cur.execute(query)
372 3162 aaronmk
            except Exception, e:
373
                _add_cursor_info(e, self, query)
374
                raise
375 3238 aaronmk
            else: self.do_autocommit()
376 1903 aaronmk
        finally:
377 3242 aaronmk
            if self.debug:
378 3244 aaronmk
                profiler.stop(self.profile_row_ct)
379 3242 aaronmk
380
                ## Log or return query
381
382 3239 aaronmk
                query = str(get_cur_query(cur, query))
383 3281 aaronmk
                # Put the src comment on a separate line in the log file
384
                query = query.replace('\t', '\n', 1)
385 3239 aaronmk
386 3240 aaronmk
                msg = 'DB query: '
387 3239 aaronmk
388 3240 aaronmk
                if used_cache: msg += 'cache hit'
389
                elif cacheable: msg += 'cache miss'
390
                else: msg += 'non-cacheable'
391 3239 aaronmk
392 3241 aaronmk
                msg += ':\n'+profiler.msg()+'\n'+strings.as_code(query, 'SQL')
393 3240 aaronmk
394 3237 aaronmk
                if debug_msg_ref != None: debug_msg_ref[0] = msg
395
                else: self.log_debug(msg, log_level)
396 3245 aaronmk
397
                self.print_notices()
398 1903 aaronmk
399
        return cur
400 1914 aaronmk
401 2797 aaronmk
    def is_cached(self, query): return query in self.query_results
402 2139 aaronmk
403 2907 aaronmk
    def with_autocommit(self, func):
404 2801 aaronmk
        import psycopg2.extensions
405
406
        prev_isolation_level = self.db.isolation_level
407 2907 aaronmk
        self.db.set_isolation_level(
408
            psycopg2.extensions.ISOLATION_LEVEL_AUTOCOMMIT)
409 2683 aaronmk
        try: return func()
410 2801 aaronmk
        finally: self.db.set_isolation_level(prev_isolation_level)
411 2683 aaronmk
412 2139 aaronmk
    def with_savepoint(self, func):
413 3137 aaronmk
        top = self._savepoint == 0
414 2171 aaronmk
        savepoint = 'level_'+str(self._savepoint)
415 3137 aaronmk
416 3272 aaronmk
        if self.debug:
417 3273 aaronmk
            self.log_debug('Begin transaction', level=4)
418 3272 aaronmk
            profiler = profiling.ItersProfiler(start_now=True, iter_text='row')
419
420 3160 aaronmk
        # Must happen before running queries so they don't get autocommitted
421
        self._savepoint += 1
422
423 3137 aaronmk
        if top: query = 'START TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL READ COMMITTED'
424
        else: query = 'SAVEPOINT '+savepoint
425
        self.run_query(query, log_level=4)
426
        try:
427
            return func()
428
            if top: self.run_query('COMMIT', log_level=4)
429 2139 aaronmk
        except:
430 3137 aaronmk
            if top: query = 'ROLLBACK'
431
            else: query = 'ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT '+savepoint
432
            self.run_query(query, log_level=4)
433
434 2139 aaronmk
            raise
435 2930 aaronmk
        finally:
436
            # Always release savepoint, because after ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT,
437
            # "The savepoint remains valid and can be rolled back to again"
438
            # (http://www.postgresql.org/docs/8.3/static/sql-rollback-to.html).
439 3137 aaronmk
            if not top:
440
                self.run_query('RELEASE SAVEPOINT '+savepoint, log_level=4)
441 2930 aaronmk
442
            self._savepoint -= 1
443
            assert self._savepoint >= 0
444
445 3272 aaronmk
            if self.debug:
446
                profiler.stop(self.profile_row_ct)
447 3273 aaronmk
                self.log_debug('End transaction\n'+profiler.msg(), level=4)
448 3272 aaronmk
449 2930 aaronmk
            self.do_autocommit() # OK to do this after ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT
450 2191 aaronmk
451
    def do_autocommit(self):
452
        '''Autocommits if outside savepoint'''
453 3135 aaronmk
        assert self._savepoint >= 1
454
        if self.autocommit and self._savepoint == 1:
455 2924 aaronmk
            self.log_debug('Autocommitting', level=4)
456 2191 aaronmk
            self.db.commit()
457 2643 aaronmk
458 3155 aaronmk
    def col_info(self, col, cacheable=True):
459 2643 aaronmk
        table = sql_gen.Table('columns', 'information_schema')
460 3063 aaronmk
        type_ = sql_gen.Coalesce(sql_gen.Nullif(sql_gen.Col('data_type'),
461
            'USER-DEFINED'), sql_gen.Col('udt_name'))
462 3078 aaronmk
        cols = [type_, 'column_default',
463
            sql_gen.Cast('boolean', sql_gen.Col('is_nullable'))]
464 2643 aaronmk
465
        conds = [('table_name', col.table.name), ('column_name', col.name)]
466
        schema = col.table.schema
467
        if schema != None: conds.append(('table_schema', schema))
468
469 2819 aaronmk
        type_, default, nullable = row(select(self, table, cols, conds,
470 3150 aaronmk
            order_by='table_schema', limit=1, cacheable=cacheable, log_level=4))
471 2643 aaronmk
            # TODO: order_by search_path schema order
472 2819 aaronmk
        default = sql_gen.as_Code(default, self)
473
474
        return sql_gen.TypedCol(col.name, type_, default, nullable)
475 2917 aaronmk
476
    def TempFunction(self, name):
477
        if self.debug_temp: schema = None
478
        else: schema = 'pg_temp'
479
        return sql_gen.Function(name, schema)
480 1849 aaronmk
481 1869 aaronmk
connect = DbConn
482
483 832 aaronmk
##### Recoverable querying
484 15 aaronmk
485 2139 aaronmk
def with_savepoint(db, func): return db.with_savepoint(func)
486 11 aaronmk
487 2791 aaronmk
def run_query(db, query, recover=None, cacheable=False, log_level=2,
488
    log_ignore_excs=None, **kw_args):
489 2794 aaronmk
    '''For params, see DbConn.run_query()'''
490 830 aaronmk
    if recover == None: recover = False
491 2464 aaronmk
    if log_ignore_excs == None: log_ignore_excs = ()
492
    log_ignore_excs = tuple(log_ignore_excs)
493 3236 aaronmk
    debug_msg_ref = [None]
494 830 aaronmk
495 3267 aaronmk
    query = with_explain_comment(db, query)
496 3258 aaronmk
497 2148 aaronmk
    try:
498 2464 aaronmk
        try:
499 2794 aaronmk
            def run(): return db.run_query(query, cacheable, log_level,
500 2793 aaronmk
                debug_msg_ref, **kw_args)
501 2796 aaronmk
            if recover and not db.is_cached(query):
502 2464 aaronmk
                return with_savepoint(db, run)
503
            else: return run() # don't need savepoint if cached
504
        except Exception, e:
505 3095 aaronmk
            msg = strings.ustr(e.args[0])
506 2464 aaronmk
507 3095 aaronmk
            match = re.match(r'^duplicate key value violates unique constraint '
508 3096 aaronmk
                r'"((_?[^\W_]+(?=[._]))?.+?)"', msg)
509 2464 aaronmk
            if match:
510
                constraint, table = match.groups()
511 3025 aaronmk
                cols = []
512
                if recover: # need auto-rollback to run index_cols()
513
                    try: cols = index_cols(db, table, constraint)
514
                    except NotImplementedError: pass
515
                raise DuplicateKeyException(constraint, cols, e)
516 2464 aaronmk
517 3095 aaronmk
            match = re.match(r'^null value in column "(.+?)" violates not-null'
518 2464 aaronmk
                r' constraint', msg)
519
            if match: raise NullValueException('NOT NULL', [match.group(1)], e)
520
521 3095 aaronmk
            match = re.match(r'^(?:invalid input (?:syntax|value)\b.*?'
522 3109 aaronmk
                r'|.+? field value out of range): "(.+?)"', msg)
523 2464 aaronmk
            if match:
524 3109 aaronmk
                value, = match.groups()
525
                raise InvalidValueException(strings.to_unicode(value), e)
526 2464 aaronmk
527 3095 aaronmk
            match = re.match(r'^column "(.+?)" is of type (.+?) but expression '
528 2523 aaronmk
                r'is of type', msg)
529
            if match:
530
                col, type_ = match.groups()
531
                raise MissingCastException(type_, col, e)
532
533 3095 aaronmk
            match = re.match(r'^(\S+) "(.+?)".*? already exists', msg)
534 2945 aaronmk
            if match:
535
                type_, name = match.groups()
536
                raise DuplicateException(type_, name, e)
537 2464 aaronmk
538
            raise # no specific exception raised
539
    except log_ignore_excs:
540
        log_level += 2
541
        raise
542
    finally:
543 3236 aaronmk
        if debug_msg_ref[0] != None: db.log_debug(debug_msg_ref[0], log_level)
544 830 aaronmk
545 832 aaronmk
##### Basic queries
546
547 3256 aaronmk
def is_explainable(query):
548
    # See <http://www.postgresql.org/docs/8.3/static/sql-explain.html#AEN57749>
549 3257 aaronmk
    return re.match(r'^(?:SELECT|INSERT|UPDATE|DELETE|VALUES|EXECUTE|DECLARE)\b'
550
        , query)
551 3256 aaronmk
552 3263 aaronmk
def explain(db, query, **kw_args):
553
    '''
554
    For params, see run_query().
555
    '''
556 3267 aaronmk
    kw_args.setdefault('log_level', 4)
557 3263 aaronmk
558 3256 aaronmk
    return strings.join_lines(values(run_query(db, 'EXPLAIN '+query,
559 3263 aaronmk
        recover=True, cacheable=True, **kw_args)))
560 3256 aaronmk
        # not a higher log_level because it's useful to see what query is being
561
        # run before it's executed, which EXPLAIN effectively provides
562
563 3265 aaronmk
def has_comment(query): return query.endswith('*/')
564
565
def with_explain_comment(db, query, **kw_args):
566 3269 aaronmk
    if db.autoexplain and not has_comment(query) and is_explainable(query):
567 3265 aaronmk
        query += '\n'+sql_gen.esc_comment(' EXPLAIN:\n'
568
            +explain(db, query, **kw_args))
569
    return query
570
571 2153 aaronmk
def next_version(name):
572 2163 aaronmk
    version = 1 # first existing name was version 0
573 2586 aaronmk
    match = re.match(r'^(.*)#(\d+)$', name)
574 2153 aaronmk
    if match:
575 2586 aaronmk
        name, version = match.groups()
576
        version = int(version)+1
577 2932 aaronmk
    return sql_gen.concat(name, '#'+str(version))
578 2153 aaronmk
579 2899 aaronmk
def lock_table(db, table, mode):
580
    table = sql_gen.as_Table(table)
581
    run_query(db, 'LOCK TABLE '+table.to_str(db)+' IN '+mode+' MODE')
582
583 3303 aaronmk
def run_query_into(db, query, into=None, add_pkey_=False, **kw_args):
584 2085 aaronmk
    '''Outputs a query to a temp table.
585
    For params, see run_query().
586
    '''
587 2789 aaronmk
    if into == None: return run_query(db, query, **kw_args)
588 2790 aaronmk
589
    assert isinstance(into, sql_gen.Table)
590
591 2992 aaronmk
    into.is_temp = True
592 3008 aaronmk
    # "temporary tables cannot specify a schema name", so remove schema
593
    into.schema = None
594 2992 aaronmk
595 2790 aaronmk
    kw_args['recover'] = True
596 2945 aaronmk
    kw_args.setdefault('log_ignore_excs', (DuplicateException,))
597 2790 aaronmk
598 2916 aaronmk
    temp = not db.debug_temp # tables are permanent in debug_temp mode
599 2790 aaronmk
600
    # Create table
601
    while True:
602
        create_query = 'CREATE'
603
        if temp: create_query += ' TEMP'
604
        create_query += ' TABLE '+into.to_str(db)+' AS\n'+query
605 2385 aaronmk
606 2790 aaronmk
        try:
607
            cur = run_query(db, create_query, **kw_args)
608
                # CREATE TABLE AS sets rowcount to # rows in query
609
            break
610 2945 aaronmk
        except DuplicateException, e:
611 2790 aaronmk
            into.name = next_version(into.name)
612
            # try again with next version of name
613
614 3303 aaronmk
    if add_pkey_: add_pkey(db, into)
615 3075 aaronmk
616
    # According to the PostgreSQL doc, "The autovacuum daemon cannot access and
617
    # therefore cannot vacuum or analyze temporary tables. [...] if a temporary
618
    # table is going to be used in complex queries, it is wise to run ANALYZE on
619
    # the temporary table after it is populated."
620
    # (http://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.1/static/sql-createtable.html)
621
    # If into is not a temp table, ANALYZE is useful but not required.
622 3073 aaronmk
    analyze(db, into)
623 2790 aaronmk
624
    return cur
625 2085 aaronmk
626 2120 aaronmk
order_by_pkey = object() # tells mk_select() to order by the pkey
627
628 2199 aaronmk
distinct_on_all = object() # tells mk_select() to SELECT DISTINCT ON all columns
629
630 2233 aaronmk
def mk_select(db, tables, fields=None, conds=None, distinct_on=[], limit=None,
631 2293 aaronmk
    start=None, order_by=order_by_pkey, default_table=None):
632 1981 aaronmk
    '''
633 2121 aaronmk
    @param tables The single table to select from, or a list of tables to join
634 2280 aaronmk
        together, with tables after the first being sql_gen.Join objects
635 1981 aaronmk
    @param fields Use None to select all fields in the table
636 2377 aaronmk
    @param conds WHERE conditions: [(compare_left_side, compare_right_side),...]
637 2379 aaronmk
        * container can be any iterable type
638 2399 aaronmk
        * compare_left_side: sql_gen.Code|str (for col name)
639
        * compare_right_side: sql_gen.ValueCond|literal value
640 2199 aaronmk
    @param distinct_on The columns to SELECT DISTINCT ON, or distinct_on_all to
641
        use all columns
642 2786 aaronmk
    @return query
643 1981 aaronmk
    '''
644 2315 aaronmk
    # Parse tables param
645 2964 aaronmk
    tables = lists.mk_seq(tables)
646 2141 aaronmk
    tables = list(tables) # don't modify input! (list() copies input)
647 2315 aaronmk
    table0 = sql_gen.as_Table(tables.pop(0)) # first table is separate
648 2121 aaronmk
649 2315 aaronmk
    # Parse other params
650 2376 aaronmk
    if conds == None: conds = []
651 2650 aaronmk
    elif dicts.is_dict(conds): conds = conds.items()
652 2379 aaronmk
    conds = list(conds) # don't modify input! (list() copies input)
653 3129 aaronmk
    assert limit == None or isinstance(limit, (int, long))
654
    assert start == None or isinstance(start, (int, long))
655 2315 aaronmk
    if order_by is order_by_pkey:
656
        if distinct_on != []: order_by = None
657
        else: order_by = pkey(db, table0, recover=True)
658 865 aaronmk
659 2315 aaronmk
    query = 'SELECT'
660 2056 aaronmk
661 2315 aaronmk
    def parse_col(col): return sql_gen.as_Col(col, default_table).to_str(db)
662 2056 aaronmk
663 2200 aaronmk
    # DISTINCT ON columns
664 2233 aaronmk
    if distinct_on != []:
665 2467 aaronmk
        query += '\nDISTINCT'
666 2254 aaronmk
        if distinct_on is not distinct_on_all:
667 2200 aaronmk
            query += ' ON ('+(', '.join(map(parse_col, distinct_on)))+')'
668
669
    # Columns
670 3185 aaronmk
    if query.find('\n') >= 0: whitespace = '\n'
671
    else: whitespace = ' '
672
    if fields == None: query += whitespace+'*'
673 2765 aaronmk
    else:
674
        assert fields != []
675 3185 aaronmk
        if len(fields) > 1: whitespace = '\n'
676
        query += whitespace+('\n, '.join(map(parse_col, fields)))
677 2200 aaronmk
678
    # Main table
679 3185 aaronmk
    if query.find('\n') >= 0 or len(tables) > 0: whitespace = '\n'
680
    else: whitespace = ' '
681
    query += whitespace+'FROM '+table0.to_str(db)
682 865 aaronmk
683 2122 aaronmk
    # Add joins
684 2271 aaronmk
    left_table = table0
685 2263 aaronmk
    for join_ in tables:
686
        table = join_.table
687 2238 aaronmk
688 2343 aaronmk
        # Parse special values
689
        if join_.type_ is sql_gen.filter_out: # filter no match
690 2376 aaronmk
            conds.append((sql_gen.Col(table_not_null_col(db, table), table),
691 2853 aaronmk
                sql_gen.CompareCond(None, '~=')))
692 2343 aaronmk
693 2467 aaronmk
        query += '\n'+join_.to_str(db, left_table)
694 2122 aaronmk
695
        left_table = table
696
697 865 aaronmk
    missing = True
698 2376 aaronmk
    if conds != []:
699 2576 aaronmk
        if len(conds) == 1: whitespace = ' '
700
        else: whitespace = '\n'
701 2578 aaronmk
        query += '\n'+sql_gen.combine_conds([sql_gen.ColValueCond(l, r)
702
            .to_str(db) for l, r in conds], 'WHERE')
703 2227 aaronmk
    if order_by != None:
704 2467 aaronmk
        query += '\nORDER BY '+sql_gen.as_Col(order_by, table0).to_str(db)
705 3297 aaronmk
    if limit != None: query += '\nLIMIT '+str(limit)
706 865 aaronmk
    if start != None:
707 2467 aaronmk
        if start != 0: query += '\nOFFSET '+str(start)
708 865 aaronmk
709 3266 aaronmk
    query = with_explain_comment(db, query)
710
711 2786 aaronmk
    return query
712 11 aaronmk
713 2054 aaronmk
def select(db, *args, **kw_args):
714
    '''For params, see mk_select() and run_query()'''
715
    recover = kw_args.pop('recover', None)
716
    cacheable = kw_args.pop('cacheable', True)
717 2442 aaronmk
    log_level = kw_args.pop('log_level', 2)
718 2054 aaronmk
719 2791 aaronmk
    return run_query(db, mk_select(db, *args, **kw_args), recover, cacheable,
720
        log_level=log_level)
721 2054 aaronmk
722 2788 aaronmk
def mk_insert_select(db, table, cols=None, select_query=None, returning=None,
723 3181 aaronmk
    embeddable=False, ignore=False, src=None):
724 1960 aaronmk
    '''
725
    @param returning str|None An inserted column (such as pkey) to return
726 2070 aaronmk
    @param embeddable Whether the query should be embeddable as a nested SELECT.
727 2073 aaronmk
        Warning: If you set this and cacheable=True when the query is run, the
728
        query will be fully cached, not just if it raises an exception.
729 3009 aaronmk
    @param ignore Whether to ignore duplicate keys.
730 3181 aaronmk
    @param src Will be included in the name of any created function, to help
731
        identify the data source in pg_stat_activity.
732 1960 aaronmk
    '''
733 2754 aaronmk
    table = sql_gen.remove_table_rename(sql_gen.as_Table(table))
734 2318 aaronmk
    if cols == []: cols = None # no cols (all defaults) = unknown col names
735 3010 aaronmk
    if cols != None: cols = [sql_gen.to_name_only_col(c, table) for c in cols]
736 2063 aaronmk
    if select_query == None: select_query = 'DEFAULT VALUES'
737 2327 aaronmk
    if returning != None: returning = sql_gen.as_Col(returning, table)
738 2063 aaronmk
739 2497 aaronmk
    first_line = 'INSERT INTO '+table.to_str(db)
740 2063 aaronmk
741 3009 aaronmk
    def mk_insert(select_query):
742
        query = first_line
743 3014 aaronmk
        if cols != None:
744
            query += '\n('+(', '.join((c.to_str(db) for c in cols)))+')'
745 3009 aaronmk
        query += '\n'+select_query
746
747
        if returning != None:
748
            returning_name_col = sql_gen.to_name_only_col(returning)
749
            query += '\nRETURNING '+returning_name_col.to_str(db)
750
751
        return query
752 2063 aaronmk
753 3017 aaronmk
    return_type = 'unknown'
754
    if returning != None: return_type = returning.to_str(db)+'%TYPE'
755
756 3009 aaronmk
    lang = 'sql'
757
    if ignore:
758 3017 aaronmk
        # Always return something to set the correct rowcount
759
        if returning == None: returning = sql_gen.NamedCol('NULL', None)
760
761 3009 aaronmk
        embeddable = True # must use function
762
        lang = 'plpgsql'
763 3010 aaronmk
764 3092 aaronmk
        if cols == None:
765
            row = [sql_gen.Col(sql_gen.all_cols, 'row')]
766
            row_vars = [sql_gen.Table('row')]
767
        else:
768
            row_vars = row = [sql_gen.Col(c.name, 'row') for c in cols]
769
770 3009 aaronmk
        query = '''\
771 3010 aaronmk
DECLARE
772 3014 aaronmk
    row '''+table.to_str(db)+'''%ROWTYPE;
773 3009 aaronmk
BEGIN
774 3019 aaronmk
    /* Need an EXCEPTION block for each individual row because "When an error is
775
    caught by an EXCEPTION clause, [...] all changes to persistent database
776
    state within the block are rolled back."
777
    This is unfortunate because "A block containing an EXCEPTION clause is
778
    significantly more expensive to enter and exit than a block without one."
779 3015 aaronmk
    (http://www.postgresql.org/docs/8.3/static/plpgsql-control-structures.html\
780
#PLPGSQL-ERROR-TRAPPING)
781
    */
782 3092 aaronmk
    FOR '''+(', '.join((v.to_str(db) for v in row_vars)))+''' IN
783 3034 aaronmk
'''+select_query+'''
784
    LOOP
785 3015 aaronmk
        BEGIN
786 3019 aaronmk
            RETURN QUERY
787 3014 aaronmk
'''+mk_insert(sql_gen.Values(row).to_str(db))+'''
788 3010 aaronmk
;
789 3015 aaronmk
        EXCEPTION
790 3019 aaronmk
            WHEN unique_violation THEN NULL; -- continue to next row
791 3015 aaronmk
        END;
792 3010 aaronmk
    END LOOP;
793
END;\
794 3009 aaronmk
'''
795
    else: query = mk_insert(select_query)
796
797 2070 aaronmk
    if embeddable:
798
        # Create function
799 2513 aaronmk
        function_name = sql_gen.clean_name(first_line)
800 3181 aaronmk
        if src != None: function_name = src+': '+function_name
801 2189 aaronmk
        while True:
802
            try:
803 2918 aaronmk
                function = db.TempFunction(function_name)
804 2194 aaronmk
805 2189 aaronmk
                function_query = '''\
806 2698 aaronmk
CREATE FUNCTION '''+function.to_str(db)+'''()
807 3017 aaronmk
RETURNS SETOF '''+return_type+'''
808 3009 aaronmk
LANGUAGE '''+lang+'''
809 2467 aaronmk
AS $$
810 3009 aaronmk
'''+query+'''
811 2467 aaronmk
$$;
812 2070 aaronmk
'''
813 2446 aaronmk
                run_query(db, function_query, recover=True, cacheable=True,
814 2945 aaronmk
                    log_ignore_excs=(DuplicateException,))
815 2189 aaronmk
                break # this version was successful
816 2945 aaronmk
            except DuplicateException, e:
817 2189 aaronmk
                function_name = next_version(function_name)
818
                # try again with next version of name
819 2070 aaronmk
820 2337 aaronmk
        # Return query that uses function
821 3009 aaronmk
        cols = None
822
        if returning != None: cols = [returning]
823 2698 aaronmk
        func_table = sql_gen.NamedTable('f', sql_gen.FunctionCall(function),
824 3009 aaronmk
            cols) # AS clause requires function alias
825 3298 aaronmk
        return mk_select(db, func_table, order_by=None)
826 2070 aaronmk
827 2787 aaronmk
    return query
828 2066 aaronmk
829 3074 aaronmk
def insert_select(db, table, *args, **kw_args):
830 2085 aaronmk
    '''For params, see mk_insert_select() and run_query_into()
831 2386 aaronmk
    @param into sql_gen.Table with suggested name of temp table to put RETURNING
832
        values in
833 2072 aaronmk
    '''
834 3141 aaronmk
    returning = kw_args.get('returning', None)
835
    ignore = kw_args.get('ignore', False)
836
837 2386 aaronmk
    into = kw_args.pop('into', None)
838
    if into != None: kw_args['embeddable'] = True
839 2066 aaronmk
    recover = kw_args.pop('recover', None)
840 3141 aaronmk
    if ignore: recover = True
841 2066 aaronmk
    cacheable = kw_args.pop('cacheable', True)
842 2673 aaronmk
    log_level = kw_args.pop('log_level', 2)
843 2066 aaronmk
844 3141 aaronmk
    rowcount_only = ignore and returning == None # keep NULL rows on server
845
    if rowcount_only: into = sql_gen.Table('rowcount')
846
847 3074 aaronmk
    cur = run_query_into(db, mk_insert_select(db, table, *args, **kw_args),
848
        into, recover=recover, cacheable=cacheable, log_level=log_level)
849 3141 aaronmk
    if rowcount_only: empty_temp(db, into)
850 3074 aaronmk
    autoanalyze(db, table)
851
    return cur
852 2063 aaronmk
853 2738 aaronmk
default = sql_gen.default # tells insert() to use the default value for a column
854 2066 aaronmk
855 2063 aaronmk
def insert(db, table, row, *args, **kw_args):
856 2085 aaronmk
    '''For params, see insert_select()'''
857 1960 aaronmk
    if lists.is_seq(row): cols = None
858
    else:
859
        cols = row.keys()
860
        row = row.values()
861 2738 aaronmk
    row = list(row) # ensure that "== []" works
862 1960 aaronmk
863 2738 aaronmk
    if row == []: query = None
864
    else: query = sql_gen.Values(row).to_str(db)
865 1961 aaronmk
866 2788 aaronmk
    return insert_select(db, table, cols, query, *args, **kw_args)
867 11 aaronmk
868 3152 aaronmk
def mk_update(db, table, changes=None, cond=None, in_place=False,
869 3153 aaronmk
    cacheable_=True):
870 2402 aaronmk
    '''
871
    @param changes [(col, new_value),...]
872
        * container can be any iterable type
873
        * col: sql_gen.Code|str (for col name)
874
        * new_value: sql_gen.Code|literal value
875
    @param cond sql_gen.Code WHERE condition. e.g. use sql_gen.*Cond objects.
876 3056 aaronmk
    @param in_place If set, locks the table and updates rows in place.
877
        This avoids creating dead rows in PostgreSQL.
878
        * cond must be None
879 3153 aaronmk
    @param cacheable_ Whether column structure information used to generate the
880 3152 aaronmk
        query can be cached
881 2402 aaronmk
    @return str query
882
    '''
883 3057 aaronmk
    table = sql_gen.as_Table(table)
884
    changes = [(sql_gen.to_name_only_col(c, table), sql_gen.as_Value(v))
885
        for c, v in changes]
886
887 3056 aaronmk
    if in_place:
888
        assert cond == None
889 3058 aaronmk
890 3065 aaronmk
        query = 'ALTER TABLE '+table.to_str(db)+'\n'
891
        query += ',\n'.join(('ALTER COLUMN '+c.to_str(db)+' TYPE '
892 3153 aaronmk
            +db.col_info(sql_gen.with_default_table(c, table), cacheable_).type
893 3065 aaronmk
            +'\nUSING '+v.to_str(db) for c, v in changes))
894 3058 aaronmk
    else:
895
        query = 'UPDATE '+table.to_str(db)+'\nSET\n'
896
        query += ',\n'.join((c.to_str(db)+' = '+v.to_str(db)
897
            for c, v in changes))
898
        if cond != None: query += '\nWHERE\n'+cond.to_str(db)
899 3056 aaronmk
900 3266 aaronmk
    query = with_explain_comment(db, query)
901
902 2402 aaronmk
    return query
903
904 3074 aaronmk
def update(db, table, *args, **kw_args):
905 2402 aaronmk
    '''For params, see mk_update() and run_query()'''
906
    recover = kw_args.pop('recover', None)
907 3043 aaronmk
    cacheable = kw_args.pop('cacheable', False)
908 3030 aaronmk
    log_level = kw_args.pop('log_level', 2)
909 2402 aaronmk
910 3074 aaronmk
    cur = run_query(db, mk_update(db, table, *args, **kw_args), recover,
911
        cacheable, log_level=log_level)
912
    autoanalyze(db, table)
913
    return cur
914 2402 aaronmk
915 3286 aaronmk
def mk_delete(db, table, cond=None):
916
    '''
917
    @param cond sql_gen.Code WHERE condition. e.g. use sql_gen.*Cond objects.
918
    @return str query
919
    '''
920
    query = 'DELETE FROM '+table.to_str(db)
921
    if cond != None: query += '\nWHERE '+cond.to_str(db)
922
923
    query = with_explain_comment(db, query)
924
925
    return query
926
927
def delete(db, table, *args, **kw_args):
928
    '''For params, see mk_delete() and run_query()'''
929
    recover = kw_args.pop('recover', None)
930 3295 aaronmk
    cacheable = kw_args.pop('cacheable', True)
931 3286 aaronmk
    log_level = kw_args.pop('log_level', 2)
932
933
    cur = run_query(db, mk_delete(db, table, *args, **kw_args), recover,
934
        cacheable, log_level=log_level)
935
    autoanalyze(db, table)
936
    return cur
937
938 135 aaronmk
def last_insert_id(db):
939 1849 aaronmk
    module = util.root_module(db.db)
940 135 aaronmk
    if module == 'psycopg2': return value(run_query(db, 'SELECT lastval()'))
941
    elif module == 'MySQLdb': return db.insert_id()
942
    else: return None
943 13 aaronmk
944 2394 aaronmk
def mk_flatten_mapping(db, into, cols, preserve=[], as_items=False):
945 2383 aaronmk
    '''Creates a mapping from original column names (which may have collisions)
946 2415 aaronmk
    to names that will be distinct among the columns' tables.
947 2383 aaronmk
    This is meant to be used for several tables that are being joined together.
948 2415 aaronmk
    @param cols The columns to combine. Duplicates will be removed.
949
    @param into The table for the new columns.
950 2394 aaronmk
    @param preserve [sql_gen.Col...] Columns not to rename. Note that these
951
        columns will be included in the mapping even if they are not in cols.
952
        The tables of the provided Col objects will be changed to into, so make
953
        copies of them if you want to keep the original tables.
954
    @param as_items Whether to return a list of dict items instead of a dict
955 2383 aaronmk
    @return dict(orig_col=new_col, ...)
956
        * orig_col: sql_gen.Col(orig_col_name, orig_table)
957 2392 aaronmk
        * new_col: sql_gen.Col(orig_col_name, into)
958
        * All mappings use the into table so its name can easily be
959 2383 aaronmk
          changed for all columns at once
960
    '''
961 2415 aaronmk
    cols = lists.uniqify(cols)
962
963 2394 aaronmk
    items = []
964 2389 aaronmk
    for col in preserve:
965 2390 aaronmk
        orig_col = copy.copy(col)
966 2392 aaronmk
        col.table = into
967 2394 aaronmk
        items.append((orig_col, col))
968
    preserve = set(preserve)
969
    for col in cols:
970 2716 aaronmk
        if col not in preserve:
971
            items.append((col, sql_gen.Col(str(col), into, col.srcs)))
972 2394 aaronmk
973
    if not as_items: items = dict(items)
974
    return items
975 2383 aaronmk
976 2393 aaronmk
def flatten(db, into, joins, cols, limit=None, start=None, **kw_args):
977 2391 aaronmk
    '''For params, see mk_flatten_mapping()
978
    @return See return value of mk_flatten_mapping()
979
    '''
980 2394 aaronmk
    items = mk_flatten_mapping(db, into, cols, as_items=True, **kw_args)
981
    cols = [sql_gen.NamedCol(new.name, old) for old, new in items]
982 3296 aaronmk
    run_query_into(db, mk_select(db, joins, cols, order_by=None, limit=limit,
983 3305 aaronmk
        start=start), into=into, add_pkey_=True)
984 2394 aaronmk
    return dict(items)
985 2391 aaronmk
986 3079 aaronmk
##### Database structure introspection
987 2414 aaronmk
988 3079 aaronmk
#### Tables
989
990
def tables(db, schema_like='public', table_like='%', exact=False):
991
    if exact: compare = '='
992
    else: compare = 'LIKE'
993
994
    module = util.root_module(db.db)
995
    if module == 'psycopg2':
996
        conds = [('schemaname', sql_gen.CompareCond(schema_like, compare)),
997
            ('tablename', sql_gen.CompareCond(table_like, compare))]
998
        return values(select(db, 'pg_tables', ['tablename'], conds,
999
            order_by='tablename', log_level=4))
1000
    elif module == 'MySQLdb':
1001
        return values(run_query(db, 'SHOW TABLES LIKE '+db.esc_value(table_like)
1002
            , cacheable=True, log_level=4))
1003
    else: raise NotImplementedError("Can't list tables for "+module+' database')
1004
1005
def table_exists(db, table):
1006
    table = sql_gen.as_Table(table)
1007
    return list(tables(db, table.schema, table.name, exact=True)) != []
1008
1009 2426 aaronmk
def table_row_count(db, table, recover=None):
1010 2786 aaronmk
    return value(run_query(db, mk_select(db, table, [sql_gen.row_count],
1011 3298 aaronmk
        order_by=None), recover=recover, log_level=3))
1012 2426 aaronmk
1013 2414 aaronmk
def table_cols(db, table, recover=None):
1014
    return list(col_names(select(db, table, limit=0, order_by=None,
1015 2443 aaronmk
        recover=recover, log_level=4)))
1016 2414 aaronmk
1017 2291 aaronmk
def pkey(db, table, recover=None):
1018 832 aaronmk
    '''Assumed to be first column in table'''
1019 2339 aaronmk
    return table_cols(db, table, recover)[0]
1020 832 aaronmk
1021 2559 aaronmk
not_null_col = 'not_null_col'
1022 2340 aaronmk
1023
def table_not_null_col(db, table, recover=None):
1024
    '''Name assumed to be the value of not_null_col. If not found, uses pkey.'''
1025
    if not_null_col in table_cols(db, table, recover): return not_null_col
1026
    else: return pkey(db, table, recover)
1027
1028 853 aaronmk
def index_cols(db, table, index):
1029
    '''Can also use this for UNIQUE constraints, because a UNIQUE index is
1030
    automatically created. When you don't know whether something is a UNIQUE
1031
    constraint or a UNIQUE index, use this function.'''
1032 1909 aaronmk
    module = util.root_module(db.db)
1033
    if module == 'psycopg2':
1034
        return list(values(run_query(db, '''\
1035 853 aaronmk
SELECT attname
1036 866 aaronmk
FROM
1037
(
1038
        SELECT attnum, attname
1039
        FROM pg_index
1040
        JOIN pg_class index ON index.oid = indexrelid
1041
        JOIN pg_class table_ ON table_.oid = indrelid
1042
        JOIN pg_attribute ON attrelid = indrelid AND attnum = ANY (indkey)
1043
        WHERE
1044 2782 aaronmk
            table_.relname = '''+db.esc_value(table)+'''
1045
            AND index.relname = '''+db.esc_value(index)+'''
1046 866 aaronmk
    UNION
1047
        SELECT attnum, attname
1048
        FROM
1049
        (
1050
            SELECT
1051
                indrelid
1052
                , (regexp_matches(indexprs, E':varattno (\\\\d+)', 'g'))[1]::int
1053
                    AS indkey
1054
            FROM pg_index
1055
            JOIN pg_class index ON index.oid = indexrelid
1056
            JOIN pg_class table_ ON table_.oid = indrelid
1057
            WHERE
1058 2782 aaronmk
                table_.relname = '''+db.esc_value(table)+'''
1059
                AND index.relname = '''+db.esc_value(index)+'''
1060 866 aaronmk
        ) s
1061
        JOIN pg_attribute ON attrelid = indrelid AND attnum = indkey
1062
) s
1063 853 aaronmk
ORDER BY attnum
1064 2782 aaronmk
'''
1065
            , cacheable=True, log_level=4)))
1066 1909 aaronmk
    else: raise NotImplementedError("Can't list index columns for "+module+
1067
        ' database')
1068 853 aaronmk
1069 464 aaronmk
def constraint_cols(db, table, constraint):
1070 1849 aaronmk
    module = util.root_module(db.db)
1071 464 aaronmk
    if module == 'psycopg2':
1072
        return list(values(run_query(db, '''\
1073
SELECT attname
1074
FROM pg_constraint
1075
JOIN pg_class ON pg_class.oid = conrelid
1076
JOIN pg_attribute ON attrelid = conrelid AND attnum = ANY (conkey)
1077
WHERE
1078 2783 aaronmk
    relname = '''+db.esc_value(table)+'''
1079
    AND conname = '''+db.esc_value(constraint)+'''
1080 464 aaronmk
ORDER BY attnum
1081 2783 aaronmk
'''
1082
            )))
1083 464 aaronmk
    else: raise NotImplementedError("Can't list constraint columns for "+module+
1084
        ' database')
1085
1086 3079 aaronmk
#### Functions
1087
1088
def function_exists(db, function):
1089
    function = sql_gen.as_Function(function)
1090
1091
    info_table = sql_gen.Table('routines', 'information_schema')
1092
    conds = [('routine_name', function.name)]
1093
    schema = function.schema
1094
    if schema != None: conds.append(('routine_schema', schema))
1095
    # Exclude trigger functions, since they cannot be called directly
1096
    conds.append(('data_type', sql_gen.CompareCond('trigger', '!=')))
1097
1098
    return list(values(select(db, info_table, ['routine_name'], conds,
1099
        order_by='routine_schema', limit=1, log_level=4))) != []
1100
        # TODO: order_by search_path schema order
1101
1102
##### Structural changes
1103
1104
#### Columns
1105
1106
def add_col(db, table, col, comment=None, **kw_args):
1107
    '''
1108
    @param col TypedCol Name may be versioned, so be sure to propagate any
1109
        renaming back to any source column for the TypedCol.
1110
    @param comment None|str SQL comment used to distinguish columns of the same
1111
        name from each other when they contain different data, to allow the
1112
        ADD COLUMN query to be cached. If not set, query will not be cached.
1113
    '''
1114
    assert isinstance(col, sql_gen.TypedCol)
1115
1116
    while True:
1117
        str_ = 'ALTER TABLE '+table.to_str(db)+' ADD COLUMN '+col.to_str(db)
1118
        if comment != None: str_ += ' '+sql_gen.esc_comment(comment)
1119
1120
        try:
1121
            run_query(db, str_, recover=True, cacheable=True, **kw_args)
1122
            break
1123
        except DuplicateException:
1124
            col.name = next_version(col.name)
1125
            # try again with next version of name
1126
1127
def add_not_null(db, col):
1128
    table = col.table
1129
    col = sql_gen.to_name_only_col(col)
1130
    run_query(db, 'ALTER TABLE '+table.to_str(db)+' ALTER COLUMN '
1131
        +col.to_str(db)+' SET NOT NULL', cacheable=True, log_level=3)
1132
1133 2096 aaronmk
row_num_col = '_row_num'
1134
1135 3079 aaronmk
row_num_typed_col = sql_gen.TypedCol(row_num_col, 'serial', nullable=False,
1136
    constraints='PRIMARY KEY')
1137
1138
def add_row_num(db, table):
1139
    '''Adds a row number column to a table. Its name is in row_num_col. It will
1140
    be the primary key.'''
1141
    add_col(db, table, row_num_typed_col, log_level=3)
1142
1143
#### Indexes
1144
1145
def add_pkey(db, table, cols=None, recover=None):
1146
    '''Adds a primary key.
1147
    @param cols [sql_gen.Col,...] The columns in the primary key.
1148
        Defaults to the first column in the table.
1149
    @pre The table must not already have a primary key.
1150
    '''
1151
    table = sql_gen.as_Table(table)
1152
    if cols == None: cols = [pkey(db, table, recover)]
1153
    col_strs = [sql_gen.to_name_only_col(v).to_str(db) for v in cols]
1154
1155
    run_query(db, 'ALTER TABLE '+table.to_str(db)+' ADD PRIMARY KEY ('
1156
        +(', '.join(col_strs))+')', recover=True, cacheable=True, log_level=3,
1157
        log_ignore_excs=(DuplicateException,))
1158
1159 2998 aaronmk
def add_index(db, exprs, table=None, unique=False, ensure_not_null_=True):
1160 2688 aaronmk
    '''Adds an index on column(s) or expression(s) if it doesn't already exist.
1161 2538 aaronmk
    Currently, only function calls are supported as expressions.
1162 2998 aaronmk
    @param ensure_not_null_ If set, translates NULL values to sentinel values.
1163 2847 aaronmk
        This allows indexes to be used for comparisons where NULLs are equal.
1164 2538 aaronmk
    '''
1165 2964 aaronmk
    exprs = lists.mk_seq(exprs)
1166 2538 aaronmk
1167 2688 aaronmk
    # Parse exprs
1168
    old_exprs = exprs[:]
1169
    exprs = []
1170
    cols = []
1171
    for i, expr in enumerate(old_exprs):
1172 2823 aaronmk
        expr = sql_gen.as_Col(expr, table)
1173 2688 aaronmk
1174 2823 aaronmk
        # Handle nullable columns
1175 2998 aaronmk
        if ensure_not_null_:
1176 3164 aaronmk
            try: expr = sql_gen.ensure_not_null(db, expr)
1177 2860 aaronmk
            except KeyError: pass # unknown type, so just create plain index
1178 2823 aaronmk
1179 2688 aaronmk
        # Extract col
1180 3002 aaronmk
        expr = copy.deepcopy(expr) # don't modify input!
1181 2688 aaronmk
        if isinstance(expr, sql_gen.FunctionCall):
1182
            col = expr.args[0]
1183
            expr = sql_gen.Expr(expr)
1184
        else: col = expr
1185 2823 aaronmk
        assert isinstance(col, sql_gen.Col)
1186 2688 aaronmk
1187
        # Extract table
1188
        if table == None:
1189
            assert sql_gen.is_table_col(col)
1190
            table = col.table
1191
1192
        col.table = None
1193
1194
        exprs.append(expr)
1195
        cols.append(col)
1196 2408 aaronmk
1197 2688 aaronmk
    table = sql_gen.as_Table(table)
1198
1199 3005 aaronmk
    # Add index
1200 3148 aaronmk
    str_ = 'CREATE'
1201
    if unique: str_ += ' UNIQUE'
1202
    str_ += ' INDEX ON '+table.to_str(db)+' ('+(
1203
        ', '.join((v.to_str(db) for v in exprs)))+')'
1204
    run_query(db, str_, recover=True, cacheable=True, log_level=3)
1205 2408 aaronmk
1206 3083 aaronmk
already_indexed = object() # tells add_indexes() the pkey has already been added
1207
1208
def add_indexes(db, table, has_pkey=True):
1209
    '''Adds an index on all columns in a table.
1210
    @param has_pkey bool|already_indexed Whether a pkey instead of a regular
1211
        index should be added on the first column.
1212
        * If already_indexed, the pkey is assumed to have already been added
1213
    '''
1214
    cols = table_cols(db, table)
1215
    if has_pkey:
1216
        if has_pkey is not already_indexed: add_pkey(db, table)
1217
        cols = cols[1:]
1218
    for col in cols: add_index(db, col, table)
1219
1220 3079 aaronmk
#### Tables
1221 2772 aaronmk
1222 3079 aaronmk
### Maintenance
1223 2772 aaronmk
1224 3079 aaronmk
def analyze(db, table):
1225
    table = sql_gen.as_Table(table)
1226
    run_query(db, 'ANALYZE '+table.to_str(db), log_level=3)
1227 2934 aaronmk
1228 3079 aaronmk
def autoanalyze(db, table):
1229
    if db.autoanalyze: analyze(db, table)
1230 2935 aaronmk
1231 3079 aaronmk
def vacuum(db, table):
1232
    table = sql_gen.as_Table(table)
1233
    db.with_autocommit(lambda: run_query(db, 'VACUUM ANALYZE '+table.to_str(db),
1234
        log_level=3))
1235 2086 aaronmk
1236 3079 aaronmk
### Lifecycle
1237
1238 3247 aaronmk
def drop(db, type_, name):
1239
    name = sql_gen.as_Name(name)
1240
    run_query(db, 'DROP '+type_+' IF EXISTS '+name.to_str(db)+' CASCADE')
1241 2889 aaronmk
1242 3247 aaronmk
def drop_table(db, table): drop(db, 'TABLE', table)
1243
1244 3082 aaronmk
def create_table(db, table, cols=[], has_pkey=True, col_indexes=True,
1245
    like=None):
1246 2675 aaronmk
    '''Creates a table.
1247 2681 aaronmk
    @param cols [sql_gen.TypedCol,...] The column names and types
1248
    @param has_pkey If set, the first column becomes the primary key.
1249 2760 aaronmk
    @param col_indexes bool|[ref]
1250
        * If True, indexes will be added on all non-pkey columns.
1251
        * If a list reference, [0] will be set to a function to do this.
1252
          This can be used to delay index creation until the table is populated.
1253 2675 aaronmk
    '''
1254
    table = sql_gen.as_Table(table)
1255
1256 3082 aaronmk
    if like != None:
1257
        cols = [sql_gen.CustomCode('LIKE '+like.to_str(db)+' INCLUDING ALL')
1258
            ]+cols
1259 2681 aaronmk
    if has_pkey:
1260
        cols[0] = pkey = copy.copy(cols[0]) # don't modify input!
1261 2872 aaronmk
        pkey.constraints = 'PRIMARY KEY'
1262 2681 aaronmk
1263 3085 aaronmk
    temp = table.is_temp and not db.debug_temp
1264
        # temp tables permanent in debug_temp mode
1265 2760 aaronmk
1266 3085 aaronmk
    # Create table
1267
    while True:
1268
        str_ = 'CREATE'
1269
        if temp: str_ += ' TEMP'
1270
        str_ += ' TABLE '+table.to_str(db)+' (\n'
1271
        str_ += '\n, '.join(c.to_str(db) for c in cols)
1272 3126 aaronmk
        str_ += '\n);'
1273 3085 aaronmk
1274
        try:
1275 3127 aaronmk
            run_query(db, str_, recover=True, cacheable=True, log_level=2,
1276 3085 aaronmk
                log_ignore_excs=(DuplicateException,))
1277
            break
1278
        except DuplicateException:
1279
            table.name = next_version(table.name)
1280
            # try again with next version of name
1281
1282 2760 aaronmk
    # Add indexes
1283 2773 aaronmk
    if has_pkey: has_pkey = already_indexed
1284
    def add_indexes_(): add_indexes(db, table, has_pkey)
1285
    if isinstance(col_indexes, list): col_indexes[0] = add_indexes_ # defer
1286
    elif col_indexes: add_indexes_() # add now
1287 2675 aaronmk
1288 3084 aaronmk
def copy_table_struct(db, src, dest):
1289
    '''Creates a structure-only copy of a table. (Does not copy data.)'''
1290 3085 aaronmk
    create_table(db, dest, has_pkey=False, col_indexes=False, like=src)
1291 3084 aaronmk
1292 3079 aaronmk
### Data
1293 2684 aaronmk
1294 2970 aaronmk
def truncate(db, table, schema='public', **kw_args):
1295
    '''For params, see run_query()'''
1296 2777 aaronmk
    table = sql_gen.as_Table(table, schema)
1297 2970 aaronmk
    return run_query(db, 'TRUNCATE '+table.to_str(db)+' CASCADE', **kw_args)
1298 2732 aaronmk
1299 2965 aaronmk
def empty_temp(db, tables):
1300
    tables = lists.mk_seq(tables)
1301 2971 aaronmk
    for table in tables: truncate(db, table, log_level=3)
1302 2965 aaronmk
1303 1968 aaronmk
def empty_db(db, schema='public', **kw_args):
1304
    '''For kw_args, see tables()'''
1305
    for table in tables(db, schema, **kw_args): truncate(db, table, schema)
1306 3094 aaronmk
1307
def distinct_table(db, table, distinct_on):
1308
    '''Creates a copy of a temp table which is distinct on the given columns.
1309 3099 aaronmk
    The old and new tables will both get an index on these columns, to
1310
    facilitate merge joins.
1311 3097 aaronmk
    @param distinct_on If empty, creates a table with one row. This is useful if
1312
        your distinct_on columns are all literal values.
1313 3099 aaronmk
    @return The new table.
1314 3094 aaronmk
    '''
1315 3099 aaronmk
    new_table = sql_gen.suffixed_table(table, '_distinct')
1316 3094 aaronmk
1317 3099 aaronmk
    copy_table_struct(db, table, new_table)
1318 3097 aaronmk
1319
    limit = None
1320
    if distinct_on == []: limit = 1 # one sample row
1321 3099 aaronmk
    else:
1322
        add_index(db, distinct_on, new_table, unique=True)
1323
        add_index(db, distinct_on, table) # for join optimization
1324 3097 aaronmk
1325 3298 aaronmk
    insert_select(db, new_table, None, mk_select(db, table, limit=limit),
1326
        ignore=True)
1327 3099 aaronmk
    analyze(db, new_table)
1328 3094 aaronmk
1329 3099 aaronmk
    return new_table