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1 11 aaronmk
# Database access
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import copy
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import re
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import time
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import warnings
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import exc
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import dicts
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import iters
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import lists
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import profiling
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from Proxy import Proxy
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import rand
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import sql_gen
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import strings
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import util
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##### Exceptions
20
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def get_cur_query(cur, input_query=None):
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    raw_query = None
23
    if hasattr(cur, 'query'): raw_query = cur.query
24
    elif hasattr(cur, '_last_executed'): raw_query = cur._last_executed
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26
    if raw_query != None: return raw_query
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    else: return '[input] '+strings.ustr(input_query)
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def _add_cursor_info(e, *args, **kw_args):
30
    '''For params, see get_cur_query()'''
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    exc.add_msg(e, 'query: '+strings.ustr(get_cur_query(*args, **kw_args)))
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class DbException(exc.ExceptionWithCause):
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    def __init__(self, msg, cause=None, cur=None):
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        exc.ExceptionWithCause.__init__(self, msg, cause, cause_newline=True)
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        if cur != None: _add_cursor_info(self, cur)
37
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class ExceptionWithName(DbException):
39
    def __init__(self, name, cause=None):
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        DbException.__init__(self, 'for name: '
41
            +strings.as_tt(strings.ustr(name)), cause)
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        self.name = name
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class ExceptionWithValue(DbException):
45
    def __init__(self, value, cause=None):
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        DbException.__init__(self, 'for value: '
47
            +strings.as_tt(strings.urepr(value)), cause)
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        self.value = value
49
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class ExceptionWithNameType(DbException):
51
    def __init__(self, type_, name, cause=None):
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        DbException.__init__(self, 'for type: '+strings.as_tt(strings.ustr(
53
            type_))+'; name: '+strings.as_tt(name), cause)
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        self.type = type_
55
        self.name = name
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class ConstraintException(DbException):
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    def __init__(self, name, cond, cols, cause=None):
59
        msg = 'Violated '+strings.as_tt(name)+' constraint'
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        if cond != None: msg += ' with condition '+strings.as_tt(cond)
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        if cols != []: msg += ' on columns: '+strings.as_tt(', '.join(cols))
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        DbException.__init__(self, msg, cause)
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        self.name = name
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        self.cond = cond
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        self.cols = cols
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class MissingCastException(DbException):
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    def __init__(self, type_, col=None, cause=None):
69
        msg = 'Missing cast to type '+strings.as_tt(type_)
70
        if col != None: msg += ' on column: '+strings.as_tt(col)
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        DbException.__init__(self, msg, cause)
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        self.type = type_
73
        self.col = col
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class DuplicateKeyException(ConstraintException): pass
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class NullValueException(ConstraintException): pass
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class CheckException(ConstraintException): pass
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class InvalidValueException(ExceptionWithValue): pass
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class DuplicateException(ExceptionWithNameType): pass
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class DoesNotExistException(ExceptionWithNameType): pass
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class EmptyRowException(DbException): pass
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##### Warnings
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91
class DbWarning(UserWarning): pass
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##### Result retrieval
94
95
def col_names(cur): return (col[0] for col in cur.description)
96
97
def rows(cur): return iter(lambda: cur.fetchone(), None)
98
99
def consume_rows(cur):
100
    '''Used to fetch all rows so result will be cached'''
101
    iters.consume_iter(rows(cur))
102
103
def next_row(cur): return rows(cur).next()
104
105
def row(cur):
106
    row_ = next_row(cur)
107
    consume_rows(cur)
108
    return row_
109
110
def next_value(cur): return next_row(cur)[0]
111
112
def value(cur): return row(cur)[0]
113
114
def values(cur): return iters.func_iter(lambda: next_value(cur))
115
116
def value_or_none(cur):
117
    try: return value(cur)
118
    except StopIteration: return None
119
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##### Escaping
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def esc_name_by_module(module, name):
123
    if module == 'psycopg2' or module == None: quote = '"'
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    elif module == 'MySQLdb': quote = '`'
125
    else: raise NotImplementedError("Can't escape name for "+module+' database')
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    return sql_gen.esc_name(name, quote)
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128
def esc_name_by_engine(engine, name, **kw_args):
129
    return esc_name_by_module(db_engines[engine][0], name, **kw_args)
130
131
def esc_name(db, name, **kw_args):
132
    return esc_name_by_module(util.root_module(db.db), name, **kw_args)
133
134
def qual_name(db, schema, table):
135
    def esc_name_(name): return esc_name(db, name)
136
    table = esc_name_(table)
137
    if schema != None: return esc_name_(schema)+'.'+table
138
    else: return table
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##### Database connections
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db_config_names = ['engine', 'host', 'user', 'password', 'database', 'schemas']
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db_engines = {
145
    'MySQL': ('MySQLdb', {'password': 'passwd', 'database': 'db'}),
146
    'PostgreSQL': ('psycopg2', {}),
147
}
148
149
DatabaseErrors_set = set([DbException])
150
DatabaseErrors = tuple(DatabaseErrors_set)
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152
def _add_module(module):
153
    DatabaseErrors_set.add(module.DatabaseError)
154
    global DatabaseErrors
155
    DatabaseErrors = tuple(DatabaseErrors_set)
156
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def db_config_str(db_config):
158
    return db_config['engine']+' database '+db_config['database']
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log_debug_none = lambda msg, level=2: None
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class DbConn:
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    def __init__(self, db_config, autocommit=True, caching=True,
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        log_debug=log_debug_none, debug_temp=False, src=None):
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        '''
166
        @param debug_temp Whether temporary objects should instead be permanent.
167
            This assists in debugging the internal objects used by the program.
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        @param src In autocommit mode, will be included in a comment in every
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            query, to help identify the data source in pg_stat_activity.
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        '''
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        self.db_config = db_config
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        self.autocommit = autocommit
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        self.caching = caching
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        self.log_debug = log_debug
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        self.debug = log_debug != log_debug_none
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        self.debug_temp = debug_temp
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        self.src = src
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        self.autoanalyze = False
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        self.autoexplain = False
180
        self.profile_row_ct = None
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        self._savepoint = 0
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        self._reset()
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185
    def __getattr__(self, name):
186
        if name == '__dict__': raise Exception('getting __dict__')
187
        if name == 'db': return self._db()
188
        else: raise AttributeError()
189
190
    def __getstate__(self):
191
        state = copy.copy(self.__dict__) # shallow copy
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        state['log_debug'] = None # don't pickle the debug callback
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        state['_DbConn__db'] = None # don't pickle the connection
194
        return state
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    def clear_cache(self): self.query_results = {}
197
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    def _reset(self):
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        self.clear_cache()
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        assert self._savepoint == 0
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        self._notices_seen = set()
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        self.__db = None
203
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    def connected(self): return self.__db != None
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    def close(self):
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        if not self.connected(): return
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        # Record that the automatic transaction is now closed
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        self._savepoint -= 1
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        self.db.close()
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        self._reset()
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    def reconnect(self):
216
        # Do not do this in test mode as it would roll back everything
217
        if self.autocommit: self.close()
218
        # Connection will be reopened automatically on first query
219
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    def _db(self):
221
        if self.__db == None:
222
            # Process db_config
223
            db_config = self.db_config.copy() # don't modify input!
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            schemas = db_config.pop('schemas', None)
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            module_name, mappings = db_engines[db_config.pop('engine')]
226
            module = __import__(module_name)
227
            _add_module(module)
228
            for orig, new in mappings.iteritems():
229
                try: util.rename_key(db_config, orig, new)
230
                except KeyError: pass
231
232
            # Connect
233
            self.__db = module.connect(**db_config)
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            # Record that a transaction is already open
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            self._savepoint += 1
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            # Configure connection
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            if hasattr(self.db, 'set_isolation_level'):
240
                import psycopg2.extensions
241
                self.db.set_isolation_level(
242
                    psycopg2.extensions.ISOLATION_LEVEL_READ_COMMITTED)
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            if schemas != None:
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                search_path = [self.esc_name(s) for s in schemas.split(',')]
245
                search_path.append(value(run_query(self, 'SHOW search_path',
246
                    log_level=4)))
247
                run_query(self, 'SET search_path TO '+(','.join(search_path)),
248
                    log_level=3)
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250
        return self.__db
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    class DbCursor(Proxy):
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        def __init__(self, outer):
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            Proxy.__init__(self, outer.db.cursor())
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            self.outer = outer
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            self.query_results = outer.query_results
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            self.query_lookup = None
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            self.result = []
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        def execute(self, query):
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            self._is_insert = query.startswith('INSERT')
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            self.query_lookup = query
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            try:
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                try: cur = self.inner.execute(query)
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                finally: self.query = get_cur_query(self.inner, query)
266 1904 aaronmk
            except Exception, e:
267
                self.result = e # cache the exception as the result
268
                self._cache_result()
269
                raise
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271
            # Always cache certain queries
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            query = sql_gen.lstrip(query)
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            if query.startswith('CREATE') or query.startswith('ALTER'):
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                # structural changes
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                # Rest of query must be unique in the face of name collisions,
276
                # so don't cache ADD COLUMN unless it has distinguishing comment
277
                if query.find('ADD COLUMN') < 0 or query.endswith('*/'):
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                    self._cache_result()
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            elif self.rowcount == 0 and query.startswith('SELECT'): # empty
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                consume_rows(self) # fetch all rows so result will be cached
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            return cur
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        def fetchone(self):
285
            row = self.inner.fetchone()
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            if row != None: self.result.append(row)
287
            # otherwise, fetched all rows
288 1904 aaronmk
            else: self._cache_result()
289
            return row
290
291
        def _cache_result(self):
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            # For inserts that return a result set, don't cache result set since
293
            # inserts are not idempotent. Other non-SELECT queries don't have
294
            # their result set read, so only exceptions will be cached (an
295
            # invalid query will always be invalid).
296 1930 aaronmk
            if self.query_results != None and (not self._is_insert
297 1906 aaronmk
                or isinstance(self.result, Exception)):
298
299 1894 aaronmk
                assert self.query_lookup != None
300 1916 aaronmk
                self.query_results[self.query_lookup] = self.CacheCursor(
301
                    util.dict_subset(dicts.AttrsDictView(self),
302
                    ['query', 'result', 'rowcount', 'description']))
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304 1916 aaronmk
        class CacheCursor:
305
            def __init__(self, cached_result): self.__dict__ = cached_result
306
307 1927 aaronmk
            def execute(self, *args, **kw_args):
308 1916 aaronmk
                if isinstance(self.result, Exception): raise self.result
309
                # otherwise, result is a rows list
310
                self.iter = iter(self.result)
311
312
            def fetchone(self):
313
                try: return self.iter.next()
314
                except StopIteration: return None
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    def esc_value(self, value):
317 2663 aaronmk
        try: str_ = self.mogrify('%s', [value])
318
        except NotImplementedError, e:
319
            module = util.root_module(self.db)
320
            if module == 'MySQLdb':
321
                import _mysql
322
                str_ = _mysql.escape_string(value)
323
            else: raise e
324 2374 aaronmk
        return strings.to_unicode(str_)
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    def esc_name(self, name): return esc_name(self, name) # calls global func
327
328 2814 aaronmk
    def std_code(self, str_):
329
        '''Standardizes SQL code.
330
        * Ensures that string literals are prefixed by `E`
331
        '''
332
        if str_.startswith("'"): str_ = 'E'+str_
333
        return str_
334
335 2665 aaronmk
    def can_mogrify(self):
336 2663 aaronmk
        module = util.root_module(self.db)
337 2665 aaronmk
        return module == 'psycopg2'
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    def mogrify(self, query, params=None):
340
        if self.can_mogrify(): return self.db.cursor().mogrify(query, params)
341
        else: raise NotImplementedError("Can't mogrify query")
342
343 2671 aaronmk
    def print_notices(self):
344 2725 aaronmk
        if hasattr(self.db, 'notices'):
345
            for msg in self.db.notices:
346
                if msg not in self._notices_seen:
347
                    self._notices_seen.add(msg)
348
                    self.log_debug(msg, level=2)
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350 2793 aaronmk
    def run_query(self, query, cacheable=False, log_level=2,
351 2464 aaronmk
        debug_msg_ref=None):
352 2445 aaronmk
        '''
353 2464 aaronmk
        @param log_ignore_excs The log_level will be increased by 2 if the query
354
            throws one of these exceptions.
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        @param debug_msg_ref If specified, the log message will be returned in
356
            this instead of being output. This allows you to filter log messages
357
            depending on the result of the query.
358 2445 aaronmk
        '''
359 2167 aaronmk
        assert query != None
360
361 3183 aaronmk
        if self.autocommit and self.src != None:
362 3206 aaronmk
            query = sql_gen.esc_comment(self.src)+'\t'+query
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364 2047 aaronmk
        if not self.caching: cacheable = False
365 1903 aaronmk
        used_cache = False
366 2664 aaronmk
367 3242 aaronmk
        if self.debug:
368
            profiler = profiling.ItersProfiler(start_now=True, iter_text='row')
369 1903 aaronmk
        try:
370 1927 aaronmk
            # Get cursor
371
            if cacheable:
372 3238 aaronmk
                try: cur = self.query_results[query]
373 1927 aaronmk
                except KeyError: cur = self.DbCursor(self)
374 3238 aaronmk
                else: used_cache = True
375 1927 aaronmk
            else: cur = self.db.cursor()
376
377
            # Run query
378 3238 aaronmk
            try: cur.execute(query)
379 3162 aaronmk
            except Exception, e:
380
                _add_cursor_info(e, self, query)
381
                raise
382 3238 aaronmk
            else: self.do_autocommit()
383 1903 aaronmk
        finally:
384 3242 aaronmk
            if self.debug:
385 3244 aaronmk
                profiler.stop(self.profile_row_ct)
386 3242 aaronmk
387
                ## Log or return query
388
389 4491 aaronmk
                query = strings.ustr(get_cur_query(cur, query))
390 3281 aaronmk
                # Put the src comment on a separate line in the log file
391
                query = query.replace('\t', '\n', 1)
392 3239 aaronmk
393 3240 aaronmk
                msg = 'DB query: '
394 3239 aaronmk
395 3240 aaronmk
                if used_cache: msg += 'cache hit'
396
                elif cacheable: msg += 'cache miss'
397
                else: msg += 'non-cacheable'
398 3239 aaronmk
399 3241 aaronmk
                msg += ':\n'+profiler.msg()+'\n'+strings.as_code(query, 'SQL')
400 3240 aaronmk
401 3237 aaronmk
                if debug_msg_ref != None: debug_msg_ref[0] = msg
402
                else: self.log_debug(msg, log_level)
403 3245 aaronmk
404
                self.print_notices()
405 1903 aaronmk
406
        return cur
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408 2797 aaronmk
    def is_cached(self, query): return query in self.query_results
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410 2907 aaronmk
    def with_autocommit(self, func):
411 2801 aaronmk
        import psycopg2.extensions
412
413
        prev_isolation_level = self.db.isolation_level
414 2907 aaronmk
        self.db.set_isolation_level(
415
            psycopg2.extensions.ISOLATION_LEVEL_AUTOCOMMIT)
416 2683 aaronmk
        try: return func()
417 2801 aaronmk
        finally: self.db.set_isolation_level(prev_isolation_level)
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419 2139 aaronmk
    def with_savepoint(self, func):
420 3137 aaronmk
        top = self._savepoint == 0
421 2171 aaronmk
        savepoint = 'level_'+str(self._savepoint)
422 3137 aaronmk
423 3272 aaronmk
        if self.debug:
424 3273 aaronmk
            self.log_debug('Begin transaction', level=4)
425 3272 aaronmk
            profiler = profiling.ItersProfiler(start_now=True, iter_text='row')
426
427 3160 aaronmk
        # Must happen before running queries so they don't get autocommitted
428
        self._savepoint += 1
429
430 3137 aaronmk
        if top: query = 'START TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL READ COMMITTED'
431
        else: query = 'SAVEPOINT '+savepoint
432
        self.run_query(query, log_level=4)
433
        try:
434
            return func()
435
            if top: self.run_query('COMMIT', log_level=4)
436 2139 aaronmk
        except:
437 3137 aaronmk
            if top: query = 'ROLLBACK'
438
            else: query = 'ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT '+savepoint
439
            self.run_query(query, log_level=4)
440
441 2139 aaronmk
            raise
442 2930 aaronmk
        finally:
443
            # Always release savepoint, because after ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT,
444
            # "The savepoint remains valid and can be rolled back to again"
445
            # (http://www.postgresql.org/docs/8.3/static/sql-rollback-to.html).
446 3137 aaronmk
            if not top:
447
                self.run_query('RELEASE SAVEPOINT '+savepoint, log_level=4)
448 2930 aaronmk
449
            self._savepoint -= 1
450
            assert self._savepoint >= 0
451
452 3272 aaronmk
            if self.debug:
453
                profiler.stop(self.profile_row_ct)
454 3273 aaronmk
                self.log_debug('End transaction\n'+profiler.msg(), level=4)
455 3272 aaronmk
456 2930 aaronmk
            self.do_autocommit() # OK to do this after ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT
457 2191 aaronmk
458
    def do_autocommit(self):
459
        '''Autocommits if outside savepoint'''
460 3135 aaronmk
        assert self._savepoint >= 1
461
        if self.autocommit and self._savepoint == 1:
462 2924 aaronmk
            self.log_debug('Autocommitting', level=4)
463 2191 aaronmk
            self.db.commit()
464 2643 aaronmk
465 3155 aaronmk
    def col_info(self, col, cacheable=True):
466 2643 aaronmk
        table = sql_gen.Table('columns', 'information_schema')
467 4936 aaronmk
        cols = [sql_gen.Col('data_type'), sql_gen.Col('udt_name'),
468
            'column_default', sql_gen.Cast('boolean',
469
            sql_gen.Col('is_nullable'))]
470 2643 aaronmk
471 3750 aaronmk
        conds = [('table_name', col.table.name),
472
            ('column_name', strings.ustr(col.name))]
473 2643 aaronmk
        schema = col.table.schema
474
        if schema != None: conds.append(('table_schema', schema))
475
476 3638 aaronmk
        cur = select(self, table, cols, conds, order_by='table_schema', limit=1,
477
            cacheable=cacheable, log_level=4) # TODO: order by search_path order
478 4936 aaronmk
        try: type_, extra_type, default, nullable = row(cur)
479 4114 aaronmk
        except StopIteration: raise sql_gen.NoUnderlyingTableException(col)
480 2819 aaronmk
        default = sql_gen.as_Code(default, self)
481 4936 aaronmk
        if type_ == 'USER-DEFINED': type_ = extra_type
482 4939 aaronmk
        elif type_ == 'ARRAY':
483
            type_ = sql_gen.ArrayType(strings.remove_prefix('_', extra_type,
484
                require=True))
485 2819 aaronmk
486
        return sql_gen.TypedCol(col.name, type_, default, nullable)
487 2917 aaronmk
488
    def TempFunction(self, name):
489
        if self.debug_temp: schema = None
490
        else: schema = 'pg_temp'
491
        return sql_gen.Function(name, schema)
492 1849 aaronmk
493 1869 aaronmk
connect = DbConn
494
495 832 aaronmk
##### Recoverable querying
496 15 aaronmk
497 2139 aaronmk
def with_savepoint(db, func): return db.with_savepoint(func)
498 11 aaronmk
499 2791 aaronmk
def run_query(db, query, recover=None, cacheable=False, log_level=2,
500
    log_ignore_excs=None, **kw_args):
501 2794 aaronmk
    '''For params, see DbConn.run_query()'''
502 830 aaronmk
    if recover == None: recover = False
503 2464 aaronmk
    if log_ignore_excs == None: log_ignore_excs = ()
504
    log_ignore_excs = tuple(log_ignore_excs)
505 3236 aaronmk
    debug_msg_ref = [None]
506 830 aaronmk
507 3267 aaronmk
    query = with_explain_comment(db, query)
508 3258 aaronmk
509 2148 aaronmk
    try:
510 2464 aaronmk
        try:
511 2794 aaronmk
            def run(): return db.run_query(query, cacheable, log_level,
512 2793 aaronmk
                debug_msg_ref, **kw_args)
513 2796 aaronmk
            if recover and not db.is_cached(query):
514 2464 aaronmk
                return with_savepoint(db, run)
515
            else: return run() # don't need savepoint if cached
516
        except Exception, e:
517 3095 aaronmk
            msg = strings.ustr(e.args[0])
518 4103 aaronmk
            msg = re.sub(r'^(?:PL/Python: )?ValueError: ', r'', msg)
519 2464 aaronmk
520 3095 aaronmk
            match = re.match(r'^duplicate key value violates unique constraint '
521 3338 aaronmk
                r'"(.+?)"', msg)
522 2464 aaronmk
            if match:
523 3338 aaronmk
                constraint, = match.groups()
524 3025 aaronmk
                cols = []
525 5446 aaronmk
                cond = None
526 3025 aaronmk
                if recover: # need auto-rollback to run index_cols()
527 5446 aaronmk
                    try:
528
                        cols = index_cols(db, constraint)
529
                        cond = index_cond(db, constraint)
530 3025 aaronmk
                    except NotImplementedError: pass
531 5446 aaronmk
                raise DuplicateKeyException(constraint, cond, cols, e)
532 2464 aaronmk
533 3095 aaronmk
            match = re.match(r'^null value in column "(.+?)" violates not-null'
534 2464 aaronmk
                r' constraint', msg)
535 3345 aaronmk
            if match:
536
                col, = match.groups()
537
                raise NullValueException('NOT NULL', None, [col], e)
538 2464 aaronmk
539 3346 aaronmk
            match = re.match(r'^new row for relation "(.+?)" violates check '
540
                r'constraint "(.+?)"', msg)
541
            if match:
542
                table, constraint = match.groups()
543 3347 aaronmk
                constraint = sql_gen.Col(constraint, table)
544 3349 aaronmk
                cond = None
545
                if recover: # need auto-rollback to run constraint_cond()
546
                    try: cond = constraint_cond(db, constraint)
547
                    except NotImplementedError: pass
548
                raise CheckException(constraint.to_str(db), cond, [], e)
549 3346 aaronmk
550 3095 aaronmk
            match = re.match(r'^(?:invalid input (?:syntax|value)\b.*?'
551 3635 aaronmk
                r'|.+? out of range): "(.+?)"', msg)
552 2464 aaronmk
            if match:
553 3109 aaronmk
                value, = match.groups()
554
                raise InvalidValueException(strings.to_unicode(value), e)
555 2464 aaronmk
556 3095 aaronmk
            match = re.match(r'^column "(.+?)" is of type (.+?) but expression '
557 2523 aaronmk
                r'is of type', msg)
558
            if match:
559
                col, type_ = match.groups()
560
                raise MissingCastException(type_, col, e)
561
562 4141 aaronmk
            match = re.match(r'^could not determine polymorphic type because '
563
                r'input has type "unknown"', msg)
564
            if match: raise MissingCastException('text', None, e)
565
566 4485 aaronmk
            match = re.match(r'^.+? types .+? and .+? cannot be matched', msg)
567
            if match: raise MissingCastException('text', None, e)
568
569 4509 aaronmk
            typed_name_re = r'^(\S+) "(.+?)"(?: of relation ".+?")?'
570 3419 aaronmk
571
            match = re.match(typed_name_re+r'.*? already exists', msg)
572 2945 aaronmk
            if match:
573
                type_, name = match.groups()
574
                raise DuplicateException(type_, name, e)
575 2464 aaronmk
576 4145 aaronmk
            match = re.match(r'more than one (\S+) named ""(.+?)""', msg)
577
            if match:
578
                type_, name = match.groups()
579
                raise DuplicateException(type_, name, e)
580
581 3419 aaronmk
            match = re.match(typed_name_re+r' does not exist', msg)
582
            if match:
583
                type_, name = match.groups()
584
                raise DoesNotExistException(type_, name, e)
585
586 2464 aaronmk
            raise # no specific exception raised
587
    except log_ignore_excs:
588
        log_level += 2
589
        raise
590
    finally:
591 3236 aaronmk
        if debug_msg_ref[0] != None: db.log_debug(debug_msg_ref[0], log_level)
592 830 aaronmk
593 832 aaronmk
##### Basic queries
594
595 3256 aaronmk
def is_explainable(query):
596
    # See <http://www.postgresql.org/docs/8.3/static/sql-explain.html#AEN57749>
597 3257 aaronmk
    return re.match(r'^(?:SELECT|INSERT|UPDATE|DELETE|VALUES|EXECUTE|DECLARE)\b'
598
        , query)
599 3256 aaronmk
600 3263 aaronmk
def explain(db, query, **kw_args):
601
    '''
602
    For params, see run_query().
603
    '''
604 3267 aaronmk
    kw_args.setdefault('log_level', 4)
605 3263 aaronmk
606 3750 aaronmk
    return strings.ustr(strings.join_lines(values(run_query(db,
607
        'EXPLAIN '+query, recover=True, cacheable=True, **kw_args))))
608 3256 aaronmk
        # not a higher log_level because it's useful to see what query is being
609
        # run before it's executed, which EXPLAIN effectively provides
610
611 3265 aaronmk
def has_comment(query): return query.endswith('*/')
612
613
def with_explain_comment(db, query, **kw_args):
614 3269 aaronmk
    if db.autoexplain and not has_comment(query) and is_explainable(query):
615 3265 aaronmk
        query += '\n'+sql_gen.esc_comment(' EXPLAIN:\n'
616
            +explain(db, query, **kw_args))
617
    return query
618
619 2153 aaronmk
def next_version(name):
620 2163 aaronmk
    version = 1 # first existing name was version 0
621 2586 aaronmk
    match = re.match(r'^(.*)#(\d+)$', name)
622 2153 aaronmk
    if match:
623 2586 aaronmk
        name, version = match.groups()
624
        version = int(version)+1
625 2932 aaronmk
    return sql_gen.concat(name, '#'+str(version))
626 2153 aaronmk
627 2899 aaronmk
def lock_table(db, table, mode):
628
    table = sql_gen.as_Table(table)
629
    run_query(db, 'LOCK TABLE '+table.to_str(db)+' IN '+mode+' MODE')
630
631 3303 aaronmk
def run_query_into(db, query, into=None, add_pkey_=False, **kw_args):
632 2085 aaronmk
    '''Outputs a query to a temp table.
633
    For params, see run_query().
634
    '''
635 2789 aaronmk
    if into == None: return run_query(db, query, **kw_args)
636 2790 aaronmk
637
    assert isinstance(into, sql_gen.Table)
638
639 2992 aaronmk
    into.is_temp = True
640 3008 aaronmk
    # "temporary tables cannot specify a schema name", so remove schema
641
    into.schema = None
642 2992 aaronmk
643 2790 aaronmk
    kw_args['recover'] = True
644 2945 aaronmk
    kw_args.setdefault('log_ignore_excs', (DuplicateException,))
645 2790 aaronmk
646 2916 aaronmk
    temp = not db.debug_temp # tables are permanent in debug_temp mode
647 2790 aaronmk
648
    # Create table
649
    while True:
650
        create_query = 'CREATE'
651
        if temp: create_query += ' TEMP'
652
        create_query += ' TABLE '+into.to_str(db)+' AS\n'+query
653 2385 aaronmk
654 2790 aaronmk
        try:
655
            cur = run_query(db, create_query, **kw_args)
656
                # CREATE TABLE AS sets rowcount to # rows in query
657
            break
658 2945 aaronmk
        except DuplicateException, e:
659 2790 aaronmk
            into.name = next_version(into.name)
660
            # try again with next version of name
661
662 3303 aaronmk
    if add_pkey_: add_pkey(db, into)
663 3075 aaronmk
664
    # According to the PostgreSQL doc, "The autovacuum daemon cannot access and
665
    # therefore cannot vacuum or analyze temporary tables. [...] if a temporary
666
    # table is going to be used in complex queries, it is wise to run ANALYZE on
667
    # the temporary table after it is populated."
668
    # (http://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.1/static/sql-createtable.html)
669
    # If into is not a temp table, ANALYZE is useful but not required.
670 3073 aaronmk
    analyze(db, into)
671 2790 aaronmk
672
    return cur
673 2085 aaronmk
674 2120 aaronmk
order_by_pkey = object() # tells mk_select() to order by the pkey
675
676 2199 aaronmk
distinct_on_all = object() # tells mk_select() to SELECT DISTINCT ON all columns
677
678 3420 aaronmk
def mk_select(db, tables=None, fields=None, conds=None, distinct_on=[],
679 3494 aaronmk
    limit=None, start=None, order_by=order_by_pkey, default_table=None,
680
    explain=True):
681 1981 aaronmk
    '''
682 2121 aaronmk
    @param tables The single table to select from, or a list of tables to join
683 2280 aaronmk
        together, with tables after the first being sql_gen.Join objects
684 1981 aaronmk
    @param fields Use None to select all fields in the table
685 2377 aaronmk
    @param conds WHERE conditions: [(compare_left_side, compare_right_side),...]
686 2379 aaronmk
        * container can be any iterable type
687 2399 aaronmk
        * compare_left_side: sql_gen.Code|str (for col name)
688
        * compare_right_side: sql_gen.ValueCond|literal value
689 2199 aaronmk
    @param distinct_on The columns to SELECT DISTINCT ON, or distinct_on_all to
690
        use all columns
691 2786 aaronmk
    @return query
692 1981 aaronmk
    '''
693 2315 aaronmk
    # Parse tables param
694 2964 aaronmk
    tables = lists.mk_seq(tables)
695 2141 aaronmk
    tables = list(tables) # don't modify input! (list() copies input)
696 2315 aaronmk
    table0 = sql_gen.as_Table(tables.pop(0)) # first table is separate
697 2121 aaronmk
698 2315 aaronmk
    # Parse other params
699 2376 aaronmk
    if conds == None: conds = []
700 2650 aaronmk
    elif dicts.is_dict(conds): conds = conds.items()
701 2379 aaronmk
    conds = list(conds) # don't modify input! (list() copies input)
702 3129 aaronmk
    assert limit == None or isinstance(limit, (int, long))
703
    assert start == None or isinstance(start, (int, long))
704 5527 aaronmk
    if limit == 0: order_by = None
705 2315 aaronmk
    if order_by is order_by_pkey:
706 5516 aaronmk
        order_by = None
707
        if table0 != None and distinct_on == []:
708 5522 aaronmk
            order_by = table_order_by(db, table0, recover=True)
709 865 aaronmk
710 2315 aaronmk
    query = 'SELECT'
711 2056 aaronmk
712 2315 aaronmk
    def parse_col(col): return sql_gen.as_Col(col, default_table).to_str(db)
713 2056 aaronmk
714 2200 aaronmk
    # DISTINCT ON columns
715 2233 aaronmk
    if distinct_on != []:
716 2467 aaronmk
        query += '\nDISTINCT'
717 2254 aaronmk
        if distinct_on is not distinct_on_all:
718 2200 aaronmk
            query += ' ON ('+(', '.join(map(parse_col, distinct_on)))+')'
719
720
    # Columns
721 3185 aaronmk
    if query.find('\n') >= 0: whitespace = '\n'
722
    else: whitespace = ' '
723
    if fields == None: query += whitespace+'*'
724 2765 aaronmk
    else:
725
        assert fields != []
726 3185 aaronmk
        if len(fields) > 1: whitespace = '\n'
727
        query += whitespace+('\n, '.join(map(parse_col, fields)))
728 2200 aaronmk
729
    # Main table
730 3185 aaronmk
    if query.find('\n') >= 0 or len(tables) > 0: whitespace = '\n'
731
    else: whitespace = ' '
732 3420 aaronmk
    if table0 != None: query += whitespace+'FROM '+table0.to_str(db)
733 865 aaronmk
734 2122 aaronmk
    # Add joins
735 2271 aaronmk
    left_table = table0
736 2263 aaronmk
    for join_ in tables:
737
        table = join_.table
738 2238 aaronmk
739 2343 aaronmk
        # Parse special values
740
        if join_.type_ is sql_gen.filter_out: # filter no match
741 2376 aaronmk
            conds.append((sql_gen.Col(table_not_null_col(db, table), table),
742 2853 aaronmk
                sql_gen.CompareCond(None, '~=')))
743 2343 aaronmk
744 2467 aaronmk
        query += '\n'+join_.to_str(db, left_table)
745 2122 aaronmk
746
        left_table = table
747
748 865 aaronmk
    missing = True
749 2376 aaronmk
    if conds != []:
750 2576 aaronmk
        if len(conds) == 1: whitespace = ' '
751
        else: whitespace = '\n'
752 2578 aaronmk
        query += '\n'+sql_gen.combine_conds([sql_gen.ColValueCond(l, r)
753
            .to_str(db) for l, r in conds], 'WHERE')
754 2227 aaronmk
    if order_by != None:
755 2467 aaronmk
        query += '\nORDER BY '+sql_gen.as_Col(order_by, table0).to_str(db)
756 3297 aaronmk
    if limit != None: query += '\nLIMIT '+str(limit)
757 865 aaronmk
    if start != None:
758 2467 aaronmk
        if start != 0: query += '\nOFFSET '+str(start)
759 865 aaronmk
760 3494 aaronmk
    if explain: query = with_explain_comment(db, query)
761 3266 aaronmk
762 2786 aaronmk
    return query
763 11 aaronmk
764 2054 aaronmk
def select(db, *args, **kw_args):
765
    '''For params, see mk_select() and run_query()'''
766
    recover = kw_args.pop('recover', None)
767
    cacheable = kw_args.pop('cacheable', True)
768 2442 aaronmk
    log_level = kw_args.pop('log_level', 2)
769 2054 aaronmk
770 2791 aaronmk
    return run_query(db, mk_select(db, *args, **kw_args), recover, cacheable,
771
        log_level=log_level)
772 2054 aaronmk
773 2788 aaronmk
def mk_insert_select(db, table, cols=None, select_query=None, returning=None,
774 3181 aaronmk
    embeddable=False, ignore=False, src=None):
775 1960 aaronmk
    '''
776
    @param returning str|None An inserted column (such as pkey) to return
777 2070 aaronmk
    @param embeddable Whether the query should be embeddable as a nested SELECT.
778 2073 aaronmk
        Warning: If you set this and cacheable=True when the query is run, the
779
        query will be fully cached, not just if it raises an exception.
780 3009 aaronmk
    @param ignore Whether to ignore duplicate keys.
781 3181 aaronmk
    @param src Will be included in the name of any created function, to help
782
        identify the data source in pg_stat_activity.
783 1960 aaronmk
    '''
784 2754 aaronmk
    table = sql_gen.remove_table_rename(sql_gen.as_Table(table))
785 2318 aaronmk
    if cols == []: cols = None # no cols (all defaults) = unknown col names
786 3010 aaronmk
    if cols != None: cols = [sql_gen.to_name_only_col(c, table) for c in cols]
787 2063 aaronmk
    if select_query == None: select_query = 'DEFAULT VALUES'
788 2327 aaronmk
    if returning != None: returning = sql_gen.as_Col(returning, table)
789 2063 aaronmk
790 2497 aaronmk
    first_line = 'INSERT INTO '+table.to_str(db)
791 2063 aaronmk
792 3009 aaronmk
    def mk_insert(select_query):
793
        query = first_line
794 3014 aaronmk
        if cols != None:
795
            query += '\n('+(', '.join((c.to_str(db) for c in cols)))+')'
796 3009 aaronmk
        query += '\n'+select_query
797
798
        if returning != None:
799
            returning_name_col = sql_gen.to_name_only_col(returning)
800
            query += '\nRETURNING '+returning_name_col.to_str(db)
801
802
        return query
803 2063 aaronmk
804 3489 aaronmk
    return_type = sql_gen.CustomCode('unknown')
805
    if returning != None: return_type = sql_gen.ColType(returning)
806 3017 aaronmk
807 3009 aaronmk
    if ignore:
808 3017 aaronmk
        # Always return something to set the correct rowcount
809
        if returning == None: returning = sql_gen.NamedCol('NULL', None)
810
811 3009 aaronmk
        embeddable = True # must use function
812 3010 aaronmk
813 3450 aaronmk
        if cols == None: row = [sql_gen.Col(sql_gen.all_cols, 'row')]
814
        else: row = [sql_gen.Col(c.name, 'row') for c in cols]
815 3092 aaronmk
816 3484 aaronmk
        query = sql_gen.RowExcIgnore(sql_gen.RowType(table), select_query,
817 3497 aaronmk
            sql_gen.ReturnQuery(mk_insert(sql_gen.Values(row).to_str(db))),
818
            cols)
819 3009 aaronmk
    else: query = mk_insert(select_query)
820
821 2070 aaronmk
    if embeddable:
822
        # Create function
823 2513 aaronmk
        function_name = sql_gen.clean_name(first_line)
824 3181 aaronmk
        if src != None: function_name = src+': '+function_name
825 2189 aaronmk
        while True:
826
            try:
827 3451 aaronmk
                func = db.TempFunction(function_name)
828 3489 aaronmk
                def_ = sql_gen.FunctionDef(func, sql_gen.SetOf(return_type),
829
                    query)
830 2194 aaronmk
831 3443 aaronmk
                run_query(db, def_.to_str(db), recover=True, cacheable=True,
832 2945 aaronmk
                    log_ignore_excs=(DuplicateException,))
833 2189 aaronmk
                break # this version was successful
834 2945 aaronmk
            except DuplicateException, e:
835 2189 aaronmk
                function_name = next_version(function_name)
836
                # try again with next version of name
837 2070 aaronmk
838 2337 aaronmk
        # Return query that uses function
839 3009 aaronmk
        cols = None
840
        if returning != None: cols = [returning]
841 3451 aaronmk
        func_table = sql_gen.NamedTable('f', sql_gen.FunctionCall(func), cols)
842
            # AS clause requires function alias
843 3298 aaronmk
        return mk_select(db, func_table, order_by=None)
844 2070 aaronmk
845 2787 aaronmk
    return query
846 2066 aaronmk
847 3074 aaronmk
def insert_select(db, table, *args, **kw_args):
848 2085 aaronmk
    '''For params, see mk_insert_select() and run_query_into()
849 2386 aaronmk
    @param into sql_gen.Table with suggested name of temp table to put RETURNING
850
        values in
851 2072 aaronmk
    '''
852 3141 aaronmk
    returning = kw_args.get('returning', None)
853
    ignore = kw_args.get('ignore', False)
854
855 2386 aaronmk
    into = kw_args.pop('into', None)
856
    if into != None: kw_args['embeddable'] = True
857 2066 aaronmk
    recover = kw_args.pop('recover', None)
858 3141 aaronmk
    if ignore: recover = True
859 2066 aaronmk
    cacheable = kw_args.pop('cacheable', True)
860 2673 aaronmk
    log_level = kw_args.pop('log_level', 2)
861 2066 aaronmk
862 3141 aaronmk
    rowcount_only = ignore and returning == None # keep NULL rows on server
863
    if rowcount_only: into = sql_gen.Table('rowcount')
864
865 3074 aaronmk
    cur = run_query_into(db, mk_insert_select(db, table, *args, **kw_args),
866
        into, recover=recover, cacheable=cacheable, log_level=log_level)
867 3141 aaronmk
    if rowcount_only: empty_temp(db, into)
868 3074 aaronmk
    autoanalyze(db, table)
869
    return cur
870 2063 aaronmk
871 2738 aaronmk
default = sql_gen.default # tells insert() to use the default value for a column
872 2066 aaronmk
873 2063 aaronmk
def insert(db, table, row, *args, **kw_args):
874 2085 aaronmk
    '''For params, see insert_select()'''
875 5050 aaronmk
    ignore = kw_args.pop('ignore', False)
876 5094 aaronmk
    if ignore: kw_args.setdefault('recover', True)
877 5050 aaronmk
878 1960 aaronmk
    if lists.is_seq(row): cols = None
879
    else:
880
        cols = row.keys()
881
        row = row.values()
882 2738 aaronmk
    row = list(row) # ensure that "== []" works
883 1960 aaronmk
884 2738 aaronmk
    if row == []: query = None
885
    else: query = sql_gen.Values(row).to_str(db)
886 1961 aaronmk
887 5050 aaronmk
    try: return insert_select(db, table, cols, query, *args, **kw_args)
888 5057 aaronmk
    except (DuplicateKeyException, NullValueException):
889 5050 aaronmk
        if not ignore: raise
890 5163 aaronmk
        return None
891 11 aaronmk
892 3152 aaronmk
def mk_update(db, table, changes=None, cond=None, in_place=False,
893 3153 aaronmk
    cacheable_=True):
894 2402 aaronmk
    '''
895
    @param changes [(col, new_value),...]
896
        * container can be any iterable type
897
        * col: sql_gen.Code|str (for col name)
898
        * new_value: sql_gen.Code|literal value
899
    @param cond sql_gen.Code WHERE condition. e.g. use sql_gen.*Cond objects.
900 3056 aaronmk
    @param in_place If set, locks the table and updates rows in place.
901
        This avoids creating dead rows in PostgreSQL.
902
        * cond must be None
903 3153 aaronmk
    @param cacheable_ Whether column structure information used to generate the
904 3152 aaronmk
        query can be cached
905 2402 aaronmk
    @return str query
906
    '''
907 3057 aaronmk
    table = sql_gen.as_Table(table)
908
    changes = [(sql_gen.to_name_only_col(c, table), sql_gen.as_Value(v))
909
        for c, v in changes]
910
911 3056 aaronmk
    if in_place:
912
        assert cond == None
913 3058 aaronmk
914 5398 aaronmk
        def col_type(col):
915
            return sql_gen.canon_type(db.col_info(
916
                sql_gen.with_default_table(c, table), cacheable_).type)
917
        changes = [(c, v, col_type(c)) for c, v in changes]
918 3065 aaronmk
        query = 'ALTER TABLE '+table.to_str(db)+'\n'
919 5396 aaronmk
        query += ',\n'.join(('ALTER COLUMN '+c.to_str(db)+' TYPE '+t+'\nUSING '
920
            +v.to_str(db) for c, v, t in changes))
921 3058 aaronmk
    else:
922
        query = 'UPDATE '+table.to_str(db)+'\nSET\n'
923
        query += ',\n'.join((c.to_str(db)+' = '+v.to_str(db)
924
            for c, v in changes))
925
        if cond != None: query += '\nWHERE\n'+cond.to_str(db)
926 3056 aaronmk
927 3266 aaronmk
    query = with_explain_comment(db, query)
928
929 2402 aaronmk
    return query
930
931 3074 aaronmk
def update(db, table, *args, **kw_args):
932 2402 aaronmk
    '''For params, see mk_update() and run_query()'''
933
    recover = kw_args.pop('recover', None)
934 3043 aaronmk
    cacheable = kw_args.pop('cacheable', False)
935 3030 aaronmk
    log_level = kw_args.pop('log_level', 2)
936 2402 aaronmk
937 3074 aaronmk
    cur = run_query(db, mk_update(db, table, *args, **kw_args), recover,
938
        cacheable, log_level=log_level)
939
    autoanalyze(db, table)
940
    return cur
941 2402 aaronmk
942 3286 aaronmk
def mk_delete(db, table, cond=None):
943
    '''
944
    @param cond sql_gen.Code WHERE condition. e.g. use sql_gen.*Cond objects.
945
    @return str query
946
    '''
947
    query = 'DELETE FROM '+table.to_str(db)
948
    if cond != None: query += '\nWHERE '+cond.to_str(db)
949
950
    query = with_explain_comment(db, query)
951
952
    return query
953
954
def delete(db, table, *args, **kw_args):
955
    '''For params, see mk_delete() and run_query()'''
956
    recover = kw_args.pop('recover', None)
957 3295 aaronmk
    cacheable = kw_args.pop('cacheable', True)
958 3286 aaronmk
    log_level = kw_args.pop('log_level', 2)
959
960
    cur = run_query(db, mk_delete(db, table, *args, **kw_args), recover,
961
        cacheable, log_level=log_level)
962
    autoanalyze(db, table)
963
    return cur
964
965 135 aaronmk
def last_insert_id(db):
966 1849 aaronmk
    module = util.root_module(db.db)
967 135 aaronmk
    if module == 'psycopg2': return value(run_query(db, 'SELECT lastval()'))
968
    elif module == 'MySQLdb': return db.insert_id()
969
    else: return None
970 13 aaronmk
971 3490 aaronmk
def define_func(db, def_):
972
    func = def_.function
973
    while True:
974
        try:
975
            run_query(db, def_.to_str(db), recover=True, cacheable=True,
976
                log_ignore_excs=(DuplicateException,))
977
            break # successful
978
        except DuplicateException:
979 3495 aaronmk
            func.name = next_version(func.name)
980 3490 aaronmk
            # try again with next version of name
981
982 2394 aaronmk
def mk_flatten_mapping(db, into, cols, preserve=[], as_items=False):
983 2383 aaronmk
    '''Creates a mapping from original column names (which may have collisions)
984 2415 aaronmk
    to names that will be distinct among the columns' tables.
985 2383 aaronmk
    This is meant to be used for several tables that are being joined together.
986 2415 aaronmk
    @param cols The columns to combine. Duplicates will be removed.
987
    @param into The table for the new columns.
988 2394 aaronmk
    @param preserve [sql_gen.Col...] Columns not to rename. Note that these
989
        columns will be included in the mapping even if they are not in cols.
990
        The tables of the provided Col objects will be changed to into, so make
991
        copies of them if you want to keep the original tables.
992
    @param as_items Whether to return a list of dict items instead of a dict
993 2383 aaronmk
    @return dict(orig_col=new_col, ...)
994
        * orig_col: sql_gen.Col(orig_col_name, orig_table)
995 2392 aaronmk
        * new_col: sql_gen.Col(orig_col_name, into)
996
        * All mappings use the into table so its name can easily be
997 2383 aaronmk
          changed for all columns at once
998
    '''
999 2415 aaronmk
    cols = lists.uniqify(cols)
1000
1001 2394 aaronmk
    items = []
1002 2389 aaronmk
    for col in preserve:
1003 2390 aaronmk
        orig_col = copy.copy(col)
1004 2392 aaronmk
        col.table = into
1005 2394 aaronmk
        items.append((orig_col, col))
1006
    preserve = set(preserve)
1007
    for col in cols:
1008 2716 aaronmk
        if col not in preserve:
1009 3750 aaronmk
            items.append((col, sql_gen.Col(strings.ustr(col), into, col.srcs)))
1010 2394 aaronmk
1011
    if not as_items: items = dict(items)
1012
    return items
1013 2383 aaronmk
1014 2393 aaronmk
def flatten(db, into, joins, cols, limit=None, start=None, **kw_args):
1015 2391 aaronmk
    '''For params, see mk_flatten_mapping()
1016
    @return See return value of mk_flatten_mapping()
1017
    '''
1018 2394 aaronmk
    items = mk_flatten_mapping(db, into, cols, as_items=True, **kw_args)
1019
    cols = [sql_gen.NamedCol(new.name, old) for old, new in items]
1020 5523 aaronmk
    run_query_into(db, mk_select(db, joins, cols, limit=limit, start=start),
1021
        into=into, add_pkey_=True)
1022 3708 aaronmk
        # don't cache because the temp table will usually be truncated after use
1023 2394 aaronmk
    return dict(items)
1024 2391 aaronmk
1025 3079 aaronmk
##### Database structure introspection
1026 2414 aaronmk
1027 3079 aaronmk
#### Tables
1028
1029 4555 aaronmk
def tables(db, schema_like='public', table_like='%', exact=False,
1030
    cacheable=True):
1031 3079 aaronmk
    if exact: compare = '='
1032
    else: compare = 'LIKE'
1033
1034
    module = util.root_module(db.db)
1035
    if module == 'psycopg2':
1036
        conds = [('schemaname', sql_gen.CompareCond(schema_like, compare)),
1037
            ('tablename', sql_gen.CompareCond(table_like, compare))]
1038
        return values(select(db, 'pg_tables', ['tablename'], conds,
1039 4555 aaronmk
            order_by='tablename', cacheable=cacheable, log_level=4))
1040 3079 aaronmk
    elif module == 'MySQLdb':
1041
        return values(run_query(db, 'SHOW TABLES LIKE '+db.esc_value(table_like)
1042
            , cacheable=True, log_level=4))
1043
    else: raise NotImplementedError("Can't list tables for "+module+' database')
1044
1045 4556 aaronmk
def table_exists(db, table, cacheable=True):
1046 3079 aaronmk
    table = sql_gen.as_Table(table)
1047 4556 aaronmk
    return list(tables(db, table.schema, table.name, True, cacheable)) != []
1048 3079 aaronmk
1049 2426 aaronmk
def table_row_count(db, table, recover=None):
1050 2786 aaronmk
    return value(run_query(db, mk_select(db, table, [sql_gen.row_count],
1051 3298 aaronmk
        order_by=None), recover=recover, log_level=3))
1052 2426 aaronmk
1053 5337 aaronmk
def table_col_names(db, table, recover=None):
1054 5528 aaronmk
    return list(col_names(select(db, table, limit=0, recover=recover,
1055
        log_level=4)))
1056 2414 aaronmk
1057 5383 aaronmk
def table_cols(db, table, *args, **kw_args):
1058
    return [sql_gen.as_Col(strings.ustr(c), table)
1059
        for c in table_col_names(db, table, *args, **kw_args)]
1060
1061 5521 aaronmk
def table_pkey_index(db, table, recover=None):
1062
    table_str = sql_gen.Literal(table.to_str(db))
1063
    try:
1064
        return sql_gen.Table(value(run_query(db, '''\
1065
SELECT relname
1066
FROM pg_index
1067
JOIN pg_class index ON index.oid = indexrelid
1068
WHERE
1069
indrelid = '''+table_str.to_str(db)+'''::regclass
1070
AND indisprimary
1071
'''
1072
            , recover, cacheable=True, log_level=4)), table.schema)
1073
    except StopIteration: raise DoesNotExistException('primary key', '')
1074
1075 5389 aaronmk
def table_pkey_col(db, table, recover=None):
1076 5061 aaronmk
    table = sql_gen.as_Table(table)
1077
1078
    join_cols = ['table_schema', 'table_name', 'constraint_schema',
1079
        'constraint_name']
1080
    tables = [sql_gen.Table('key_column_usage', 'information_schema'),
1081
        sql_gen.Join(sql_gen.Table('table_constraints', 'information_schema'),
1082
            dict(((c, sql_gen.join_same_not_null) for c in join_cols)))]
1083
    cols = [sql_gen.Col('column_name')]
1084
1085
    conds = [('constraint_type', 'PRIMARY KEY'), ('table_name', table.name)]
1086
    schema = table.schema
1087
    if schema != None: conds.append(('table_schema', schema))
1088
    order_by = 'position_in_unique_constraint'
1089
1090 5393 aaronmk
    try: return sql_gen.Col(value(select(db, tables, cols, conds,
1091
        order_by=order_by, limit=1, log_level=4)), table)
1092
    except StopIteration: raise DoesNotExistException('primary key', '')
1093 5389 aaronmk
1094
def pkey_name(db, table, recover=None):
1095
    '''If no pkey, returns the first column in the table.'''
1096 5392 aaronmk
    return pkey_col(db, table, recover).name
1097 832 aaronmk
1098 5390 aaronmk
def pkey_col(db, table, recover=None):
1099 5391 aaronmk
    '''If no pkey, returns the first column in the table.'''
1100 5392 aaronmk
    try: return table_pkey_col(db, table, recover)
1101 5393 aaronmk
    except DoesNotExistException: return table_cols(db, table, recover)[0]
1102 5128 aaronmk
1103 2559 aaronmk
not_null_col = 'not_null_col'
1104 2340 aaronmk
1105
def table_not_null_col(db, table, recover=None):
1106
    '''Name assumed to be the value of not_null_col. If not found, uses pkey.'''
1107 5337 aaronmk
    if not_null_col in table_col_names(db, table, recover): return not_null_col
1108 5388 aaronmk
    else: return pkey_name(db, table, recover)
1109 2340 aaronmk
1110 3348 aaronmk
def constraint_cond(db, constraint):
1111
    module = util.root_module(db.db)
1112
    if module == 'psycopg2':
1113
        table_str = sql_gen.Literal(constraint.table.to_str(db))
1114
        name_str = sql_gen.Literal(constraint.name)
1115
        return value(run_query(db, '''\
1116
SELECT consrc
1117
FROM pg_constraint
1118
WHERE
1119
conrelid = '''+table_str.to_str(db)+'''::regclass
1120
AND conname = '''+name_str.to_str(db)+'''
1121
'''
1122
            , cacheable=True, log_level=4))
1123 5443 aaronmk
    else: raise NotImplementedError("Can't get constraint condition for "
1124
        +module+' database')
1125 3348 aaronmk
1126 5520 aaronmk
def index_exprs(db, index):
1127 3322 aaronmk
    index = sql_gen.as_Table(index)
1128 1909 aaronmk
    module = util.root_module(db.db)
1129
    if module == 'psycopg2':
1130 3322 aaronmk
        qual_index = sql_gen.Literal(index.to_str(db))
1131 5520 aaronmk
        return list(values(run_query(db, '''\
1132 3322 aaronmk
SELECT pg_get_indexdef(indexrelid, generate_series(1, indnatts), true)
1133
FROM pg_index
1134
WHERE indexrelid = '''+qual_index.to_str(db)+'''::regclass
1135 2782 aaronmk
'''
1136
            , cacheable=True, log_level=4)))
1137 5520 aaronmk
    else: raise NotImplementedError()
1138 853 aaronmk
1139 5520 aaronmk
def index_cols(db, index):
1140
    '''Can also use this for UNIQUE constraints, because a UNIQUE index is
1141
    automatically created. When you don't know whether something is a UNIQUE
1142
    constraint or a UNIQUE index, use this function.'''
1143
    return map(sql_gen.parse_expr_col, index_exprs(db, index))
1144
1145 5445 aaronmk
def index_cond(db, index):
1146
    index = sql_gen.as_Table(index)
1147
    module = util.root_module(db.db)
1148
    if module == 'psycopg2':
1149
        qual_index = sql_gen.Literal(index.to_str(db))
1150
        return value(run_query(db, '''\
1151
SELECT pg_get_expr(indpred, indrelid, true)
1152
FROM pg_index
1153
WHERE indexrelid = '''+qual_index.to_str(db)+'''::regclass
1154
'''
1155
            , cacheable=True, log_level=4))
1156
    else: raise NotImplementedError()
1157
1158 5521 aaronmk
def index_order_by(db, index):
1159
    return sql_gen.CustomCode(', '.join(index_exprs(db, index)))
1160
1161
def table_cluster_on(db, table, recover=None):
1162
    '''
1163
    @return The table's cluster index, or its pkey if none is set
1164
    '''
1165
    table_str = sql_gen.Literal(table.to_str(db))
1166
    try:
1167
        return sql_gen.Table(value(run_query(db, '''\
1168
SELECT relname
1169
FROM pg_index
1170
JOIN pg_class index ON index.oid = indexrelid
1171
WHERE
1172
indrelid = '''+table_str.to_str(db)+'''::regclass
1173
AND indisclustered
1174
'''
1175
            , recover, cacheable=True, log_level=4)), table.schema)
1176
    except StopIteration: return table_pkey_index(db, table, recover)
1177
1178
def table_order_by(db, table, recover=None):
1179 5525 aaronmk
    if table.order_by == None:
1180
        try: table.order_by = index_order_by(db, table_cluster_on(db, table,
1181
            recover))
1182
        except DoesNotExistException: pass
1183
    return table.order_by
1184 5521 aaronmk
1185 3079 aaronmk
#### Functions
1186
1187
def function_exists(db, function):
1188 3423 aaronmk
    qual_function = sql_gen.Literal(function.to_str(db))
1189
    try:
1190 3425 aaronmk
        select(db, fields=[sql_gen.Cast('regproc', qual_function)],
1191
            recover=True, cacheable=True, log_level=4)
1192 3423 aaronmk
    except DoesNotExistException: return False
1193 4146 aaronmk
    except DuplicateException: return True # overloaded function
1194 3423 aaronmk
    else: return True
1195 3079 aaronmk
1196
##### Structural changes
1197
1198
#### Columns
1199
1200 5020 aaronmk
def add_col(db, table, col, comment=None, if_not_exists=False, **kw_args):
1201 3079 aaronmk
    '''
1202
    @param col TypedCol Name may be versioned, so be sure to propagate any
1203
        renaming back to any source column for the TypedCol.
1204
    @param comment None|str SQL comment used to distinguish columns of the same
1205
        name from each other when they contain different data, to allow the
1206
        ADD COLUMN query to be cached. If not set, query will not be cached.
1207
    '''
1208
    assert isinstance(col, sql_gen.TypedCol)
1209
1210
    while True:
1211
        str_ = 'ALTER TABLE '+table.to_str(db)+' ADD COLUMN '+col.to_str(db)
1212
        if comment != None: str_ += ' '+sql_gen.esc_comment(comment)
1213
1214
        try:
1215
            run_query(db, str_, recover=True, cacheable=True, **kw_args)
1216
            break
1217
        except DuplicateException:
1218 5020 aaronmk
            if if_not_exists: raise
1219 3079 aaronmk
            col.name = next_version(col.name)
1220
            # try again with next version of name
1221
1222
def add_not_null(db, col):
1223
    table = col.table
1224
    col = sql_gen.to_name_only_col(col)
1225
    run_query(db, 'ALTER TABLE '+table.to_str(db)+' ALTER COLUMN '
1226
        +col.to_str(db)+' SET NOT NULL', cacheable=True, log_level=3)
1227
1228 4443 aaronmk
def drop_not_null(db, col):
1229
    table = col.table
1230
    col = sql_gen.to_name_only_col(col)
1231
    run_query(db, 'ALTER TABLE '+table.to_str(db)+' ALTER COLUMN '
1232
        +col.to_str(db)+' DROP NOT NULL', cacheable=True, log_level=3)
1233
1234 2096 aaronmk
row_num_col = '_row_num'
1235
1236 4997 aaronmk
row_num_col_def = sql_gen.TypedCol('', 'serial', nullable=False,
1237 3079 aaronmk
    constraints='PRIMARY KEY')
1238
1239 4997 aaronmk
def add_row_num(db, table, name=row_num_col):
1240
    '''Adds a row number column to a table. Its definition is in
1241
    row_num_col_def. It will be the primary key.'''
1242
    col_def = copy.copy(row_num_col_def)
1243
    col_def.name = name
1244 5021 aaronmk
    add_col(db, table, col_def, comment='', if_not_exists=True, log_level=3)
1245 3079 aaronmk
1246
#### Indexes
1247
1248
def add_pkey(db, table, cols=None, recover=None):
1249
    '''Adds a primary key.
1250
    @param cols [sql_gen.Col,...] The columns in the primary key.
1251
        Defaults to the first column in the table.
1252
    @pre The table must not already have a primary key.
1253
    '''
1254
    table = sql_gen.as_Table(table)
1255 5388 aaronmk
    if cols == None: cols = [pkey_name(db, table, recover)]
1256 3079 aaronmk
    col_strs = [sql_gen.to_name_only_col(v).to_str(db) for v in cols]
1257
1258
    run_query(db, 'ALTER TABLE '+table.to_str(db)+' ADD PRIMARY KEY ('
1259
        +(', '.join(col_strs))+')', recover=True, cacheable=True, log_level=3,
1260
        log_ignore_excs=(DuplicateException,))
1261
1262 2998 aaronmk
def add_index(db, exprs, table=None, unique=False, ensure_not_null_=True):
1263 2688 aaronmk
    '''Adds an index on column(s) or expression(s) if it doesn't already exist.
1264 3356 aaronmk
    Currently, only function calls and literal values are supported expressions.
1265 2998 aaronmk
    @param ensure_not_null_ If set, translates NULL values to sentinel values.
1266 2847 aaronmk
        This allows indexes to be used for comparisons where NULLs are equal.
1267 2538 aaronmk
    '''
1268 2964 aaronmk
    exprs = lists.mk_seq(exprs)
1269 2538 aaronmk
1270 2688 aaronmk
    # Parse exprs
1271
    old_exprs = exprs[:]
1272
    exprs = []
1273
    cols = []
1274
    for i, expr in enumerate(old_exprs):
1275 2823 aaronmk
        expr = sql_gen.as_Col(expr, table)
1276 2688 aaronmk
1277 2823 aaronmk
        # Handle nullable columns
1278 2998 aaronmk
        if ensure_not_null_:
1279 3164 aaronmk
            try: expr = sql_gen.ensure_not_null(db, expr)
1280 2860 aaronmk
            except KeyError: pass # unknown type, so just create plain index
1281 2823 aaronmk
1282 2688 aaronmk
        # Extract col
1283 3002 aaronmk
        expr = copy.deepcopy(expr) # don't modify input!
1284 3356 aaronmk
        col = expr
1285
        if isinstance(expr, sql_gen.FunctionCall): col = expr.args[0]
1286
        expr = sql_gen.cast_literal(expr)
1287
        if not isinstance(expr, (sql_gen.Expr, sql_gen.Col)):
1288 2688 aaronmk
            expr = sql_gen.Expr(expr)
1289 3356 aaronmk
1290 2688 aaronmk
1291
        # Extract table
1292
        if table == None:
1293
            assert sql_gen.is_table_col(col)
1294
            table = col.table
1295
1296 3356 aaronmk
        if isinstance(col, sql_gen.Col): col.table = None
1297 2688 aaronmk
1298
        exprs.append(expr)
1299
        cols.append(col)
1300 2408 aaronmk
1301 2688 aaronmk
    table = sql_gen.as_Table(table)
1302
1303 3005 aaronmk
    # Add index
1304 3148 aaronmk
    str_ = 'CREATE'
1305
    if unique: str_ += ' UNIQUE'
1306
    str_ += ' INDEX ON '+table.to_str(db)+' ('+(
1307
        ', '.join((v.to_str(db) for v in exprs)))+')'
1308
    run_query(db, str_, recover=True, cacheable=True, log_level=3)
1309 2408 aaronmk
1310 3083 aaronmk
already_indexed = object() # tells add_indexes() the pkey has already been added
1311
1312
def add_indexes(db, table, has_pkey=True):
1313
    '''Adds an index on all columns in a table.
1314
    @param has_pkey bool|already_indexed Whether a pkey instead of a regular
1315
        index should be added on the first column.
1316
        * If already_indexed, the pkey is assumed to have already been added
1317
    '''
1318 5337 aaronmk
    cols = table_col_names(db, table)
1319 3083 aaronmk
    if has_pkey:
1320
        if has_pkey is not already_indexed: add_pkey(db, table)
1321
        cols = cols[1:]
1322
    for col in cols: add_index(db, col, table)
1323
1324 3079 aaronmk
#### Tables
1325 2772 aaronmk
1326 3079 aaronmk
### Maintenance
1327 2772 aaronmk
1328 3079 aaronmk
def analyze(db, table):
1329
    table = sql_gen.as_Table(table)
1330
    run_query(db, 'ANALYZE '+table.to_str(db), log_level=3)
1331 2934 aaronmk
1332 3079 aaronmk
def autoanalyze(db, table):
1333
    if db.autoanalyze: analyze(db, table)
1334 2935 aaronmk
1335 3079 aaronmk
def vacuum(db, table):
1336
    table = sql_gen.as_Table(table)
1337
    db.with_autocommit(lambda: run_query(db, 'VACUUM ANALYZE '+table.to_str(db),
1338
        log_level=3))
1339 2086 aaronmk
1340 3079 aaronmk
### Lifecycle
1341
1342 3247 aaronmk
def drop(db, type_, name):
1343
    name = sql_gen.as_Name(name)
1344
    run_query(db, 'DROP '+type_+' IF EXISTS '+name.to_str(db)+' CASCADE')
1345 2889 aaronmk
1346 3247 aaronmk
def drop_table(db, table): drop(db, 'TABLE', table)
1347
1348 3082 aaronmk
def create_table(db, table, cols=[], has_pkey=True, col_indexes=True,
1349
    like=None):
1350 2675 aaronmk
    '''Creates a table.
1351 2681 aaronmk
    @param cols [sql_gen.TypedCol,...] The column names and types
1352
    @param has_pkey If set, the first column becomes the primary key.
1353 2760 aaronmk
    @param col_indexes bool|[ref]
1354
        * If True, indexes will be added on all non-pkey columns.
1355
        * If a list reference, [0] will be set to a function to do this.
1356
          This can be used to delay index creation until the table is populated.
1357 2675 aaronmk
    '''
1358
    table = sql_gen.as_Table(table)
1359
1360 3082 aaronmk
    if like != None:
1361
        cols = [sql_gen.CustomCode('LIKE '+like.to_str(db)+' INCLUDING ALL')
1362
            ]+cols
1363 5525 aaronmk
        table.order_by = like.order_by
1364 2681 aaronmk
    if has_pkey:
1365
        cols[0] = pkey = copy.copy(cols[0]) # don't modify input!
1366 2872 aaronmk
        pkey.constraints = 'PRIMARY KEY'
1367 2681 aaronmk
1368 3085 aaronmk
    temp = table.is_temp and not db.debug_temp
1369
        # temp tables permanent in debug_temp mode
1370 2760 aaronmk
1371 3085 aaronmk
    # Create table
1372 3383 aaronmk
    def create():
1373 3085 aaronmk
        str_ = 'CREATE'
1374
        if temp: str_ += ' TEMP'
1375
        str_ += ' TABLE '+table.to_str(db)+' (\n'
1376
        str_ += '\n, '.join(c.to_str(db) for c in cols)
1377 3126 aaronmk
        str_ += '\n);'
1378 3085 aaronmk
1379 3383 aaronmk
        run_query(db, str_, recover=True, cacheable=True, log_level=2,
1380
            log_ignore_excs=(DuplicateException,))
1381
    if table.is_temp:
1382
        while True:
1383
            try:
1384
                create()
1385
                break
1386
            except DuplicateException:
1387
                table.name = next_version(table.name)
1388
                # try again with next version of name
1389
    else: create()
1390 3085 aaronmk
1391 2760 aaronmk
    # Add indexes
1392 2773 aaronmk
    if has_pkey: has_pkey = already_indexed
1393
    def add_indexes_(): add_indexes(db, table, has_pkey)
1394
    if isinstance(col_indexes, list): col_indexes[0] = add_indexes_ # defer
1395
    elif col_indexes: add_indexes_() # add now
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1397 3084 aaronmk
def copy_table_struct(db, src, dest):
1398
    '''Creates a structure-only copy of a table. (Does not copy data.)'''
1399 3085 aaronmk
    create_table(db, dest, has_pkey=False, col_indexes=False, like=src)
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1401 5529 aaronmk
def copy_table(db, src, dest):
1402
    '''Creates a copy of a table, including data'''
1403
    copy_table_struct(db, src, dest)
1404
    insert_select(db, dest, None, mk_select(db, src))
1405
1406 3079 aaronmk
### Data
1407 2684 aaronmk
1408 2970 aaronmk
def truncate(db, table, schema='public', **kw_args):
1409
    '''For params, see run_query()'''
1410 2777 aaronmk
    table = sql_gen.as_Table(table, schema)
1411 2970 aaronmk
    return run_query(db, 'TRUNCATE '+table.to_str(db)+' CASCADE', **kw_args)
1412 2732 aaronmk
1413 2965 aaronmk
def empty_temp(db, tables):
1414
    tables = lists.mk_seq(tables)
1415 2971 aaronmk
    for table in tables: truncate(db, table, log_level=3)
1416 2965 aaronmk
1417 1968 aaronmk
def empty_db(db, schema='public', **kw_args):
1418
    '''For kw_args, see tables()'''
1419
    for table in tables(db, schema, **kw_args): truncate(db, table, schema)
1420 3094 aaronmk
1421
def distinct_table(db, table, distinct_on):
1422
    '''Creates a copy of a temp table which is distinct on the given columns.
1423 3099 aaronmk
    The old and new tables will both get an index on these columns, to
1424
    facilitate merge joins.
1425 3097 aaronmk
    @param distinct_on If empty, creates a table with one row. This is useful if
1426
        your distinct_on columns are all literal values.
1427 3099 aaronmk
    @return The new table.
1428 3094 aaronmk
    '''
1429 3099 aaronmk
    new_table = sql_gen.suffixed_table(table, '_distinct')
1430 3411 aaronmk
    distinct_on = filter(sql_gen.is_table_col, distinct_on)
1431 3094 aaronmk
1432 3099 aaronmk
    copy_table_struct(db, table, new_table)
1433 3097 aaronmk
1434
    limit = None
1435
    if distinct_on == []: limit = 1 # one sample row
1436 3099 aaronmk
    else:
1437
        add_index(db, distinct_on, new_table, unique=True)
1438
        add_index(db, distinct_on, table) # for join optimization
1439 3097 aaronmk
1440 3313 aaronmk
    insert_select(db, new_table, None, mk_select(db, table, order_by=None,
1441
        limit=limit), ignore=True)
1442 3099 aaronmk
    analyze(db, new_table)
1443 3094 aaronmk
1444 3099 aaronmk
    return new_table