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1 11 aaronmk
# Database access
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import copy
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import re
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import time
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import warnings
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import exc
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import dicts
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import iters
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import lists
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import profiling
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from Proxy import Proxy
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import rand
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import sql_gen
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import strings
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import util
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##### Exceptions
20
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def get_cur_query(cur, input_query=None):
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    raw_query = None
23
    if hasattr(cur, 'query'): raw_query = cur.query
24
    elif hasattr(cur, '_last_executed'): raw_query = cur._last_executed
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26
    if raw_query != None: return raw_query
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    else: return '[input] '+strings.ustr(input_query)
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def _add_cursor_info(e, *args, **kw_args):
30
    '''For params, see get_cur_query()'''
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    exc.add_msg(e, 'query: '+strings.ustr(get_cur_query(*args, **kw_args)))
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class DbException(exc.ExceptionWithCause):
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    def __init__(self, msg, cause=None, cur=None):
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        exc.ExceptionWithCause.__init__(self, msg, cause, cause_newline=True)
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        if cur != None: _add_cursor_info(self, cur)
37
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class ExceptionWithName(DbException):
39
    def __init__(self, name, cause=None):
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        DbException.__init__(self, 'for name: '
41
            +strings.as_tt(strings.ustr(name)), cause)
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        self.name = name
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class ExceptionWithValue(DbException):
45
    def __init__(self, value, cause=None):
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        DbException.__init__(self, 'for value: '
47
            +strings.as_tt(strings.urepr(value)), cause)
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        self.value = value
49
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class ExceptionWithNameType(DbException):
51
    def __init__(self, type_, name, cause=None):
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        DbException.__init__(self, 'for type: '+strings.as_tt(strings.ustr(
53
            type_))+'; name: '+strings.as_tt(name), cause)
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        self.type = type_
55
        self.name = name
56
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class ConstraintException(DbException):
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    def __init__(self, name, cond, cols, cause=None):
59
        msg = 'Violated '+strings.as_tt(name)+' constraint'
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        if cond != None: msg += ' with condition '+strings.as_tt(cond)
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        if cols != []: msg += ' on columns: '+strings.as_tt(', '.join(cols))
62
        DbException.__init__(self, msg, cause)
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        self.name = name
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        self.cond = cond
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        self.cols = cols
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class MissingCastException(DbException):
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    def __init__(self, type_, col=None, cause=None):
69
        msg = 'Missing cast to type '+strings.as_tt(type_)
70
        if col != None: msg += ' on column: '+strings.as_tt(col)
71
        DbException.__init__(self, msg, cause)
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        self.type = type_
73
        self.col = col
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class NameException(DbException): pass
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class DuplicateKeyException(ConstraintException): pass
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class NullValueException(ConstraintException): pass
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class CheckException(ConstraintException): pass
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class InvalidValueException(ExceptionWithValue): pass
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class DuplicateException(ExceptionWithNameType): pass
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class DoesNotExistException(ExceptionWithNameType): pass
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class EmptyRowException(DbException): pass
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##### Warnings
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93
class DbWarning(UserWarning): pass
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##### Result retrieval
96
97
def col_names(cur): return (col[0] for col in cur.description)
98
99
def rows(cur): return iter(lambda: cur.fetchone(), None)
100
101
def consume_rows(cur):
102
    '''Used to fetch all rows so result will be cached'''
103
    iters.consume_iter(rows(cur))
104
105
def next_row(cur): return rows(cur).next()
106
107
def row(cur):
108
    row_ = next_row(cur)
109
    consume_rows(cur)
110
    return row_
111
112
def next_value(cur): return next_row(cur)[0]
113
114
def value(cur): return row(cur)[0]
115
116
def values(cur): return iters.func_iter(lambda: next_value(cur))
117
118
def value_or_none(cur):
119
    try: return value(cur)
120
    except StopIteration: return None
121
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##### Escaping
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def esc_name_by_module(module, name):
125
    if module == 'psycopg2' or module == None: quote = '"'
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    elif module == 'MySQLdb': quote = '`'
127
    else: raise NotImplementedError("Can't escape name for "+module+' database')
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    return sql_gen.esc_name(name, quote)
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130
def esc_name_by_engine(engine, name, **kw_args):
131
    return esc_name_by_module(db_engines[engine][0], name, **kw_args)
132
133
def esc_name(db, name, **kw_args):
134
    return esc_name_by_module(util.root_module(db.db), name, **kw_args)
135
136
def qual_name(db, schema, table):
137
    def esc_name_(name): return esc_name(db, name)
138
    table = esc_name_(table)
139
    if schema != None: return esc_name_(schema)+'.'+table
140
    else: return table
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##### Database connections
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db_config_names = ['engine', 'host', 'user', 'password', 'database', 'schemas']
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db_engines = {
147
    'MySQL': ('MySQLdb', {'password': 'passwd', 'database': 'db'}),
148
    'PostgreSQL': ('psycopg2', {}),
149
}
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151
DatabaseErrors_set = set([DbException])
152
DatabaseErrors = tuple(DatabaseErrors_set)
153
154
def _add_module(module):
155
    DatabaseErrors_set.add(module.DatabaseError)
156
    global DatabaseErrors
157
    DatabaseErrors = tuple(DatabaseErrors_set)
158
159
def db_config_str(db_config):
160
    return db_config['engine']+' database '+db_config['database']
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log_debug_none = lambda msg, level=2: None
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class DbConn:
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    def __init__(self, db_config, autocommit=True, caching=True,
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        log_debug=log_debug_none, debug_temp=False, src=None):
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        '''
168
        @param debug_temp Whether temporary objects should instead be permanent.
169
            This assists in debugging the internal objects used by the program.
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        @param src In autocommit mode, will be included in a comment in every
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            query, to help identify the data source in pg_stat_activity.
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        '''
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        self.db_config = db_config
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        self.autocommit = autocommit
175
        self.caching = caching
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        self.log_debug = log_debug
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        self.debug = log_debug != log_debug_none
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        self.debug_temp = debug_temp
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        self.src = src
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        self.autoanalyze = False
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        self.autoexplain = False
182
        self.profile_row_ct = None
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        self._savepoint = 0
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        self._reset()
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187
    def __getattr__(self, name):
188
        if name == '__dict__': raise Exception('getting __dict__')
189
        if name == 'db': return self._db()
190
        else: raise AttributeError()
191
192
    def __getstate__(self):
193
        state = copy.copy(self.__dict__) # shallow copy
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        state['log_debug'] = None # don't pickle the debug callback
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        state['_DbConn__db'] = None # don't pickle the connection
196
        return state
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    def clear_cache(self): self.query_results = {}
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    def _reset(self):
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        self.clear_cache()
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        assert self._savepoint == 0
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        self._notices_seen = set()
204
        self.__db = None
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    def connected(self): return self.__db != None
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    def close(self):
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        if not self.connected(): return
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        # Record that the automatic transaction is now closed
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        self._savepoint -= 1
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        self.db.close()
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        self._reset()
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    def reconnect(self):
218
        # Do not do this in test mode as it would roll back everything
219
        if self.autocommit: self.close()
220
        # Connection will be reopened automatically on first query
221
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    def _db(self):
223
        if self.__db == None:
224
            # Process db_config
225
            db_config = self.db_config.copy() # don't modify input!
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            schemas = db_config.pop('schemas', None)
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            module_name, mappings = db_engines[db_config.pop('engine')]
228
            module = __import__(module_name)
229
            _add_module(module)
230
            for orig, new in mappings.iteritems():
231
                try: util.rename_key(db_config, orig, new)
232
                except KeyError: pass
233
234
            # Connect
235
            self.__db = module.connect(**db_config)
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            # Record that a transaction is already open
238
            self._savepoint += 1
239
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            # Configure connection
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            if hasattr(self.db, 'set_isolation_level'):
242
                import psycopg2.extensions
243
                self.db.set_isolation_level(
244
                    psycopg2.extensions.ISOLATION_LEVEL_READ_COMMITTED)
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            if schemas != None:
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                search_path = [self.esc_name(s) for s in schemas.split(',')]
247
                search_path.append(value(run_query(self, 'SHOW search_path',
248
                    log_level=4)))
249
                run_query(self, 'SET search_path TO '+(','.join(search_path)),
250
                    log_level=3)
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252
        return self.__db
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    class DbCursor(Proxy):
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        def __init__(self, outer):
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            Proxy.__init__(self, outer.db.cursor())
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            self.outer = outer
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            self.query_results = outer.query_results
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            self.query_lookup = None
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            self.result = []
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        def execute(self, query):
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            self._is_insert = query.startswith('INSERT')
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            self.query_lookup = query
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            try:
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                try: cur = self.inner.execute(query)
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                finally: self.query = get_cur_query(self.inner, query)
268 1904 aaronmk
            except Exception, e:
269
                self.result = e # cache the exception as the result
270
                self._cache_result()
271
                raise
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273
            # Always cache certain queries
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            query = sql_gen.lstrip(query)
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            if query.startswith('CREATE') or query.startswith('ALTER'):
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                # structural changes
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                # Rest of query must be unique in the face of name collisions,
278
                # so don't cache ADD COLUMN unless it has distinguishing comment
279
                if query.find('ADD COLUMN') < 0 or query.endswith('*/'):
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                    self._cache_result()
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            elif self.rowcount == 0 and query.startswith('SELECT'): # empty
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                consume_rows(self) # fetch all rows so result will be cached
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            return cur
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        def fetchone(self):
287
            row = self.inner.fetchone()
288 1899 aaronmk
            if row != None: self.result.append(row)
289
            # otherwise, fetched all rows
290 1904 aaronmk
            else: self._cache_result()
291
            return row
292
293
        def _cache_result(self):
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            # For inserts that return a result set, don't cache result set since
295
            # inserts are not idempotent. Other non-SELECT queries don't have
296
            # their result set read, so only exceptions will be cached (an
297
            # invalid query will always be invalid).
298 1930 aaronmk
            if self.query_results != None and (not self._is_insert
299 1906 aaronmk
                or isinstance(self.result, Exception)):
300
301 1894 aaronmk
                assert self.query_lookup != None
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                self.query_results[self.query_lookup] = self.CacheCursor(
303
                    util.dict_subset(dicts.AttrsDictView(self),
304
                    ['query', 'result', 'rowcount', 'description']))
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306 1916 aaronmk
        class CacheCursor:
307
            def __init__(self, cached_result): self.__dict__ = cached_result
308
309 1927 aaronmk
            def execute(self, *args, **kw_args):
310 1916 aaronmk
                if isinstance(self.result, Exception): raise self.result
311
                # otherwise, result is a rows list
312
                self.iter = iter(self.result)
313
314
            def fetchone(self):
315
                try: return self.iter.next()
316
                except StopIteration: return None
317 1891 aaronmk
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    def esc_value(self, value):
319 2663 aaronmk
        try: str_ = self.mogrify('%s', [value])
320
        except NotImplementedError, e:
321
            module = util.root_module(self.db)
322
            if module == 'MySQLdb':
323
                import _mysql
324
                str_ = _mysql.escape_string(value)
325
            else: raise e
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        return strings.to_unicode(str_)
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    def esc_name(self, name): return esc_name(self, name) # calls global func
329
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    def std_code(self, str_):
331
        '''Standardizes SQL code.
332
        * Ensures that string literals are prefixed by `E`
333
        '''
334
        if str_.startswith("'"): str_ = 'E'+str_
335
        return str_
336
337 2665 aaronmk
    def can_mogrify(self):
338 2663 aaronmk
        module = util.root_module(self.db)
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        return module == 'psycopg2'
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    def mogrify(self, query, params=None):
342
        if self.can_mogrify(): return self.db.cursor().mogrify(query, params)
343
        else: raise NotImplementedError("Can't mogrify query")
344
345 2671 aaronmk
    def print_notices(self):
346 2725 aaronmk
        if hasattr(self.db, 'notices'):
347
            for msg in self.db.notices:
348
                if msg not in self._notices_seen:
349
                    self._notices_seen.add(msg)
350
                    self.log_debug(msg, level=2)
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352 2793 aaronmk
    def run_query(self, query, cacheable=False, log_level=2,
353 2464 aaronmk
        debug_msg_ref=None):
354 2445 aaronmk
        '''
355 2464 aaronmk
        @param log_ignore_excs The log_level will be increased by 2 if the query
356
            throws one of these exceptions.
357 2664 aaronmk
        @param debug_msg_ref If specified, the log message will be returned in
358
            this instead of being output. This allows you to filter log messages
359
            depending on the result of the query.
360 2445 aaronmk
        '''
361 2167 aaronmk
        assert query != None
362
363 3183 aaronmk
        if self.autocommit and self.src != None:
364 3206 aaronmk
            query = sql_gen.esc_comment(self.src)+'\t'+query
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366 2047 aaronmk
        if not self.caching: cacheable = False
367 1903 aaronmk
        used_cache = False
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369 3242 aaronmk
        if self.debug:
370
            profiler = profiling.ItersProfiler(start_now=True, iter_text='row')
371 1903 aaronmk
        try:
372 1927 aaronmk
            # Get cursor
373
            if cacheable:
374 3238 aaronmk
                try: cur = self.query_results[query]
375 1927 aaronmk
                except KeyError: cur = self.DbCursor(self)
376 3238 aaronmk
                else: used_cache = True
377 1927 aaronmk
            else: cur = self.db.cursor()
378
379
            # Run query
380 3238 aaronmk
            try: cur.execute(query)
381 3162 aaronmk
            except Exception, e:
382
                _add_cursor_info(e, self, query)
383
                raise
384 3238 aaronmk
            else: self.do_autocommit()
385 1903 aaronmk
        finally:
386 3242 aaronmk
            if self.debug:
387 3244 aaronmk
                profiler.stop(self.profile_row_ct)
388 3242 aaronmk
389
                ## Log or return query
390
391 4491 aaronmk
                query = strings.ustr(get_cur_query(cur, query))
392 3281 aaronmk
                # Put the src comment on a separate line in the log file
393
                query = query.replace('\t', '\n', 1)
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395 3240 aaronmk
                msg = 'DB query: '
396 3239 aaronmk
397 3240 aaronmk
                if used_cache: msg += 'cache hit'
398
                elif cacheable: msg += 'cache miss'
399
                else: msg += 'non-cacheable'
400 3239 aaronmk
401 3241 aaronmk
                msg += ':\n'+profiler.msg()+'\n'+strings.as_code(query, 'SQL')
402 3240 aaronmk
403 3237 aaronmk
                if debug_msg_ref != None: debug_msg_ref[0] = msg
404
                else: self.log_debug(msg, log_level)
405 3245 aaronmk
406
                self.print_notices()
407 1903 aaronmk
408
        return cur
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410 2797 aaronmk
    def is_cached(self, query): return query in self.query_results
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412 2907 aaronmk
    def with_autocommit(self, func):
413 2801 aaronmk
        import psycopg2.extensions
414
415
        prev_isolation_level = self.db.isolation_level
416 2907 aaronmk
        self.db.set_isolation_level(
417
            psycopg2.extensions.ISOLATION_LEVEL_AUTOCOMMIT)
418 2683 aaronmk
        try: return func()
419 2801 aaronmk
        finally: self.db.set_isolation_level(prev_isolation_level)
420 2683 aaronmk
421 2139 aaronmk
    def with_savepoint(self, func):
422 3137 aaronmk
        top = self._savepoint == 0
423 2171 aaronmk
        savepoint = 'level_'+str(self._savepoint)
424 3137 aaronmk
425 3272 aaronmk
        if self.debug:
426 3273 aaronmk
            self.log_debug('Begin transaction', level=4)
427 3272 aaronmk
            profiler = profiling.ItersProfiler(start_now=True, iter_text='row')
428
429 3160 aaronmk
        # Must happen before running queries so they don't get autocommitted
430
        self._savepoint += 1
431
432 3137 aaronmk
        if top: query = 'START TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL READ COMMITTED'
433
        else: query = 'SAVEPOINT '+savepoint
434
        self.run_query(query, log_level=4)
435
        try:
436
            return func()
437
            if top: self.run_query('COMMIT', log_level=4)
438 2139 aaronmk
        except:
439 3137 aaronmk
            if top: query = 'ROLLBACK'
440
            else: query = 'ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT '+savepoint
441
            self.run_query(query, log_level=4)
442
443 2139 aaronmk
            raise
444 2930 aaronmk
        finally:
445
            # Always release savepoint, because after ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT,
446
            # "The savepoint remains valid and can be rolled back to again"
447
            # (http://www.postgresql.org/docs/8.3/static/sql-rollback-to.html).
448 3137 aaronmk
            if not top:
449
                self.run_query('RELEASE SAVEPOINT '+savepoint, log_level=4)
450 2930 aaronmk
451
            self._savepoint -= 1
452
            assert self._savepoint >= 0
453
454 3272 aaronmk
            if self.debug:
455
                profiler.stop(self.profile_row_ct)
456 3273 aaronmk
                self.log_debug('End transaction\n'+profiler.msg(), level=4)
457 3272 aaronmk
458 2930 aaronmk
            self.do_autocommit() # OK to do this after ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT
459 2191 aaronmk
460
    def do_autocommit(self):
461
        '''Autocommits if outside savepoint'''
462 3135 aaronmk
        assert self._savepoint >= 1
463
        if self.autocommit and self._savepoint == 1:
464 2924 aaronmk
            self.log_debug('Autocommitting', level=4)
465 2191 aaronmk
            self.db.commit()
466 2643 aaronmk
467 3155 aaronmk
    def col_info(self, col, cacheable=True):
468 2643 aaronmk
        table = sql_gen.Table('columns', 'information_schema')
469 4936 aaronmk
        cols = [sql_gen.Col('data_type'), sql_gen.Col('udt_name'),
470
            'column_default', sql_gen.Cast('boolean',
471
            sql_gen.Col('is_nullable'))]
472 2643 aaronmk
473 3750 aaronmk
        conds = [('table_name', col.table.name),
474
            ('column_name', strings.ustr(col.name))]
475 2643 aaronmk
        schema = col.table.schema
476
        if schema != None: conds.append(('table_schema', schema))
477
478 3638 aaronmk
        cur = select(self, table, cols, conds, order_by='table_schema', limit=1,
479
            cacheable=cacheable, log_level=4) # TODO: order by search_path order
480 4936 aaronmk
        try: type_, extra_type, default, nullable = row(cur)
481 4114 aaronmk
        except StopIteration: raise sql_gen.NoUnderlyingTableException(col)
482 2819 aaronmk
        default = sql_gen.as_Code(default, self)
483 4936 aaronmk
        if type_ == 'USER-DEFINED': type_ = extra_type
484 4939 aaronmk
        elif type_ == 'ARRAY':
485
            type_ = sql_gen.ArrayType(strings.remove_prefix('_', extra_type,
486
                require=True))
487 2819 aaronmk
488
        return sql_gen.TypedCol(col.name, type_, default, nullable)
489 2917 aaronmk
490
    def TempFunction(self, name):
491
        if self.debug_temp: schema = None
492
        else: schema = 'pg_temp'
493
        return sql_gen.Function(name, schema)
494 1849 aaronmk
495 1869 aaronmk
connect = DbConn
496
497 832 aaronmk
##### Recoverable querying
498 15 aaronmk
499 2139 aaronmk
def with_savepoint(db, func): return db.with_savepoint(func)
500 11 aaronmk
501 2791 aaronmk
def run_query(db, query, recover=None, cacheable=False, log_level=2,
502
    log_ignore_excs=None, **kw_args):
503 2794 aaronmk
    '''For params, see DbConn.run_query()'''
504 830 aaronmk
    if recover == None: recover = False
505 2464 aaronmk
    if log_ignore_excs == None: log_ignore_excs = ()
506
    log_ignore_excs = tuple(log_ignore_excs)
507 3236 aaronmk
    debug_msg_ref = [None]
508 830 aaronmk
509 3267 aaronmk
    query = with_explain_comment(db, query)
510 3258 aaronmk
511 2148 aaronmk
    try:
512 2464 aaronmk
        try:
513 2794 aaronmk
            def run(): return db.run_query(query, cacheable, log_level,
514 2793 aaronmk
                debug_msg_ref, **kw_args)
515 2796 aaronmk
            if recover and not db.is_cached(query):
516 2464 aaronmk
                return with_savepoint(db, run)
517
            else: return run() # don't need savepoint if cached
518
        except Exception, e:
519 3095 aaronmk
            msg = strings.ustr(e.args[0])
520 4103 aaronmk
            msg = re.sub(r'^(?:PL/Python: )?ValueError: ', r'', msg)
521 2464 aaronmk
522 3095 aaronmk
            match = re.match(r'^duplicate key value violates unique constraint '
523 3338 aaronmk
                r'"(.+?)"', msg)
524 2464 aaronmk
            if match:
525 3338 aaronmk
                constraint, = match.groups()
526 3025 aaronmk
                cols = []
527 5446 aaronmk
                cond = None
528 3025 aaronmk
                if recover: # need auto-rollback to run index_cols()
529 5446 aaronmk
                    try:
530
                        cols = index_cols(db, constraint)
531
                        cond = index_cond(db, constraint)
532 3025 aaronmk
                    except NotImplementedError: pass
533 5446 aaronmk
                raise DuplicateKeyException(constraint, cond, cols, e)
534 2464 aaronmk
535 3095 aaronmk
            match = re.match(r'^null value in column "(.+?)" violates not-null'
536 2464 aaronmk
                r' constraint', msg)
537 3345 aaronmk
            if match:
538
                col, = match.groups()
539
                raise NullValueException('NOT NULL', None, [col], e)
540 2464 aaronmk
541 3346 aaronmk
            match = re.match(r'^new row for relation "(.+?)" violates check '
542
                r'constraint "(.+?)"', msg)
543
            if match:
544
                table, constraint = match.groups()
545 3347 aaronmk
                constraint = sql_gen.Col(constraint, table)
546 3349 aaronmk
                cond = None
547
                if recover: # need auto-rollback to run constraint_cond()
548
                    try: cond = constraint_cond(db, constraint)
549
                    except NotImplementedError: pass
550
                raise CheckException(constraint.to_str(db), cond, [], e)
551 3346 aaronmk
552 3095 aaronmk
            match = re.match(r'^(?:invalid input (?:syntax|value)\b.*?'
553 3635 aaronmk
                r'|.+? out of range): "(.+?)"', msg)
554 2464 aaronmk
            if match:
555 3109 aaronmk
                value, = match.groups()
556
                raise InvalidValueException(strings.to_unicode(value), e)
557 2464 aaronmk
558 3095 aaronmk
            match = re.match(r'^column "(.+?)" is of type (.+?) but expression '
559 2523 aaronmk
                r'is of type', msg)
560
            if match:
561
                col, type_ = match.groups()
562
                raise MissingCastException(type_, col, e)
563
564 4141 aaronmk
            match = re.match(r'^could not determine polymorphic type because '
565
                r'input has type "unknown"', msg)
566
            if match: raise MissingCastException('text', None, e)
567
568 4485 aaronmk
            match = re.match(r'^.+? types .+? and .+? cannot be matched', msg)
569
            if match: raise MissingCastException('text', None, e)
570
571 4509 aaronmk
            typed_name_re = r'^(\S+) "(.+?)"(?: of relation ".+?")?'
572 3419 aaronmk
573
            match = re.match(typed_name_re+r'.*? already exists', msg)
574 2945 aaronmk
            if match:
575
                type_, name = match.groups()
576
                raise DuplicateException(type_, name, e)
577 2464 aaronmk
578 4145 aaronmk
            match = re.match(r'more than one (\S+) named ""(.+?)""', msg)
579
            if match:
580
                type_, name = match.groups()
581
                raise DuplicateException(type_, name, e)
582
583 3419 aaronmk
            match = re.match(typed_name_re+r' does not exist', msg)
584
            if match:
585
                type_, name = match.groups()
586
                raise DoesNotExistException(type_, name, e)
587
588 2464 aaronmk
            raise # no specific exception raised
589
    except log_ignore_excs:
590
        log_level += 2
591
        raise
592
    finally:
593 3236 aaronmk
        if debug_msg_ref[0] != None: db.log_debug(debug_msg_ref[0], log_level)
594 830 aaronmk
595 832 aaronmk
##### Basic queries
596
597 3256 aaronmk
def is_explainable(query):
598
    # See <http://www.postgresql.org/docs/8.3/static/sql-explain.html#AEN57749>
599 3257 aaronmk
    return re.match(r'^(?:SELECT|INSERT|UPDATE|DELETE|VALUES|EXECUTE|DECLARE)\b'
600
        , query)
601 3256 aaronmk
602 3263 aaronmk
def explain(db, query, **kw_args):
603
    '''
604
    For params, see run_query().
605
    '''
606 3267 aaronmk
    kw_args.setdefault('log_level', 4)
607 3263 aaronmk
608 3750 aaronmk
    return strings.ustr(strings.join_lines(values(run_query(db,
609
        'EXPLAIN '+query, recover=True, cacheable=True, **kw_args))))
610 3256 aaronmk
        # not a higher log_level because it's useful to see what query is being
611
        # run before it's executed, which EXPLAIN effectively provides
612
613 3265 aaronmk
def has_comment(query): return query.endswith('*/')
614
615
def with_explain_comment(db, query, **kw_args):
616 3269 aaronmk
    if db.autoexplain and not has_comment(query) and is_explainable(query):
617 3265 aaronmk
        query += '\n'+sql_gen.esc_comment(' EXPLAIN:\n'
618
            +explain(db, query, **kw_args))
619
    return query
620
621 2153 aaronmk
def next_version(name):
622 2163 aaronmk
    version = 1 # first existing name was version 0
623 2586 aaronmk
    match = re.match(r'^(.*)#(\d+)$', name)
624 2153 aaronmk
    if match:
625 2586 aaronmk
        name, version = match.groups()
626
        version = int(version)+1
627 2932 aaronmk
    return sql_gen.concat(name, '#'+str(version))
628 2153 aaronmk
629 2899 aaronmk
def lock_table(db, table, mode):
630
    table = sql_gen.as_Table(table)
631
    run_query(db, 'LOCK TABLE '+table.to_str(db)+' IN '+mode+' MODE')
632
633 3303 aaronmk
def run_query_into(db, query, into=None, add_pkey_=False, **kw_args):
634 2085 aaronmk
    '''Outputs a query to a temp table.
635
    For params, see run_query().
636
    '''
637 2789 aaronmk
    if into == None: return run_query(db, query, **kw_args)
638 2790 aaronmk
639
    assert isinstance(into, sql_gen.Table)
640
641 2992 aaronmk
    into.is_temp = True
642 3008 aaronmk
    # "temporary tables cannot specify a schema name", so remove schema
643
    into.schema = None
644 2992 aaronmk
645 2790 aaronmk
    kw_args['recover'] = True
646 2945 aaronmk
    kw_args.setdefault('log_ignore_excs', (DuplicateException,))
647 2790 aaronmk
648 2916 aaronmk
    temp = not db.debug_temp # tables are permanent in debug_temp mode
649 2790 aaronmk
650
    # Create table
651
    while True:
652
        create_query = 'CREATE'
653
        if temp: create_query += ' TEMP'
654
        create_query += ' TABLE '+into.to_str(db)+' AS\n'+query
655 2385 aaronmk
656 2790 aaronmk
        try:
657
            cur = run_query(db, create_query, **kw_args)
658
                # CREATE TABLE AS sets rowcount to # rows in query
659
            break
660 2945 aaronmk
        except DuplicateException, e:
661 2790 aaronmk
            into.name = next_version(into.name)
662
            # try again with next version of name
663
664 3303 aaronmk
    if add_pkey_: add_pkey(db, into)
665 3075 aaronmk
666
    # According to the PostgreSQL doc, "The autovacuum daemon cannot access and
667
    # therefore cannot vacuum or analyze temporary tables. [...] if a temporary
668
    # table is going to be used in complex queries, it is wise to run ANALYZE on
669
    # the temporary table after it is populated."
670
    # (http://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.1/static/sql-createtable.html)
671
    # If into is not a temp table, ANALYZE is useful but not required.
672 3073 aaronmk
    analyze(db, into)
673 2790 aaronmk
674
    return cur
675 2085 aaronmk
676 2120 aaronmk
order_by_pkey = object() # tells mk_select() to order by the pkey
677
678 2199 aaronmk
distinct_on_all = object() # tells mk_select() to SELECT DISTINCT ON all columns
679
680 3420 aaronmk
def mk_select(db, tables=None, fields=None, conds=None, distinct_on=[],
681 3494 aaronmk
    limit=None, start=None, order_by=order_by_pkey, default_table=None,
682
    explain=True):
683 1981 aaronmk
    '''
684 2121 aaronmk
    @param tables The single table to select from, or a list of tables to join
685 2280 aaronmk
        together, with tables after the first being sql_gen.Join objects
686 1981 aaronmk
    @param fields Use None to select all fields in the table
687 2377 aaronmk
    @param conds WHERE conditions: [(compare_left_side, compare_right_side),...]
688 2379 aaronmk
        * container can be any iterable type
689 2399 aaronmk
        * compare_left_side: sql_gen.Code|str (for col name)
690
        * compare_right_side: sql_gen.ValueCond|literal value
691 2199 aaronmk
    @param distinct_on The columns to SELECT DISTINCT ON, or distinct_on_all to
692
        use all columns
693 2786 aaronmk
    @return query
694 1981 aaronmk
    '''
695 2315 aaronmk
    # Parse tables param
696 2964 aaronmk
    tables = lists.mk_seq(tables)
697 2141 aaronmk
    tables = list(tables) # don't modify input! (list() copies input)
698 2315 aaronmk
    table0 = sql_gen.as_Table(tables.pop(0)) # first table is separate
699 2121 aaronmk
700 2315 aaronmk
    # Parse other params
701 2376 aaronmk
    if conds == None: conds = []
702 2650 aaronmk
    elif dicts.is_dict(conds): conds = conds.items()
703 2379 aaronmk
    conds = list(conds) # don't modify input! (list() copies input)
704 3129 aaronmk
    assert limit == None or isinstance(limit, (int, long))
705
    assert start == None or isinstance(start, (int, long))
706 5527 aaronmk
    if limit == 0: order_by = None
707 2315 aaronmk
    if order_by is order_by_pkey:
708 5516 aaronmk
        order_by = None
709
        if table0 != None and distinct_on == []:
710 5522 aaronmk
            order_by = table_order_by(db, table0, recover=True)
711 865 aaronmk
712 2315 aaronmk
    query = 'SELECT'
713 2056 aaronmk
714 2315 aaronmk
    def parse_col(col): return sql_gen.as_Col(col, default_table).to_str(db)
715 2056 aaronmk
716 2200 aaronmk
    # DISTINCT ON columns
717 2233 aaronmk
    if distinct_on != []:
718 2467 aaronmk
        query += '\nDISTINCT'
719 2254 aaronmk
        if distinct_on is not distinct_on_all:
720 2200 aaronmk
            query += ' ON ('+(', '.join(map(parse_col, distinct_on)))+')'
721
722
    # Columns
723 3185 aaronmk
    if query.find('\n') >= 0: whitespace = '\n'
724
    else: whitespace = ' '
725
    if fields == None: query += whitespace+'*'
726 2765 aaronmk
    else:
727
        assert fields != []
728 3185 aaronmk
        if len(fields) > 1: whitespace = '\n'
729
        query += whitespace+('\n, '.join(map(parse_col, fields)))
730 2200 aaronmk
731
    # Main table
732 3185 aaronmk
    if query.find('\n') >= 0 or len(tables) > 0: whitespace = '\n'
733
    else: whitespace = ' '
734 3420 aaronmk
    if table0 != None: query += whitespace+'FROM '+table0.to_str(db)
735 865 aaronmk
736 2122 aaronmk
    # Add joins
737 2271 aaronmk
    left_table = table0
738 2263 aaronmk
    for join_ in tables:
739
        table = join_.table
740 2238 aaronmk
741 2343 aaronmk
        # Parse special values
742
        if join_.type_ is sql_gen.filter_out: # filter no match
743 2376 aaronmk
            conds.append((sql_gen.Col(table_not_null_col(db, table), table),
744 2853 aaronmk
                sql_gen.CompareCond(None, '~=')))
745 2343 aaronmk
746 2467 aaronmk
        query += '\n'+join_.to_str(db, left_table)
747 2122 aaronmk
748
        left_table = table
749
750 865 aaronmk
    missing = True
751 2376 aaronmk
    if conds != []:
752 2576 aaronmk
        if len(conds) == 1: whitespace = ' '
753
        else: whitespace = '\n'
754 2578 aaronmk
        query += '\n'+sql_gen.combine_conds([sql_gen.ColValueCond(l, r)
755
            .to_str(db) for l, r in conds], 'WHERE')
756 2227 aaronmk
    if order_by != None:
757 2467 aaronmk
        query += '\nORDER BY '+sql_gen.as_Col(order_by, table0).to_str(db)
758 3297 aaronmk
    if limit != None: query += '\nLIMIT '+str(limit)
759 865 aaronmk
    if start != None:
760 2467 aaronmk
        if start != 0: query += '\nOFFSET '+str(start)
761 865 aaronmk
762 3494 aaronmk
    if explain: query = with_explain_comment(db, query)
763 3266 aaronmk
764 2786 aaronmk
    return query
765 11 aaronmk
766 2054 aaronmk
def select(db, *args, **kw_args):
767
    '''For params, see mk_select() and run_query()'''
768
    recover = kw_args.pop('recover', None)
769
    cacheable = kw_args.pop('cacheable', True)
770 2442 aaronmk
    log_level = kw_args.pop('log_level', 2)
771 2054 aaronmk
772 2791 aaronmk
    return run_query(db, mk_select(db, *args, **kw_args), recover, cacheable,
773
        log_level=log_level)
774 2054 aaronmk
775 2788 aaronmk
def mk_insert_select(db, table, cols=None, select_query=None, returning=None,
776 3181 aaronmk
    embeddable=False, ignore=False, src=None):
777 1960 aaronmk
    '''
778
    @param returning str|None An inserted column (such as pkey) to return
779 2070 aaronmk
    @param embeddable Whether the query should be embeddable as a nested SELECT.
780 2073 aaronmk
        Warning: If you set this and cacheable=True when the query is run, the
781
        query will be fully cached, not just if it raises an exception.
782 3009 aaronmk
    @param ignore Whether to ignore duplicate keys.
783 3181 aaronmk
    @param src Will be included in the name of any created function, to help
784
        identify the data source in pg_stat_activity.
785 1960 aaronmk
    '''
786 2754 aaronmk
    table = sql_gen.remove_table_rename(sql_gen.as_Table(table))
787 2318 aaronmk
    if cols == []: cols = None # no cols (all defaults) = unknown col names
788 3010 aaronmk
    if cols != None: cols = [sql_gen.to_name_only_col(c, table) for c in cols]
789 2063 aaronmk
    if select_query == None: select_query = 'DEFAULT VALUES'
790 2327 aaronmk
    if returning != None: returning = sql_gen.as_Col(returning, table)
791 2063 aaronmk
792 2497 aaronmk
    first_line = 'INSERT INTO '+table.to_str(db)
793 2063 aaronmk
794 3009 aaronmk
    def mk_insert(select_query):
795
        query = first_line
796 3014 aaronmk
        if cols != None:
797
            query += '\n('+(', '.join((c.to_str(db) for c in cols)))+')'
798 3009 aaronmk
        query += '\n'+select_query
799
800
        if returning != None:
801
            returning_name_col = sql_gen.to_name_only_col(returning)
802
            query += '\nRETURNING '+returning_name_col.to_str(db)
803
804
        return query
805 2063 aaronmk
806 3489 aaronmk
    return_type = sql_gen.CustomCode('unknown')
807
    if returning != None: return_type = sql_gen.ColType(returning)
808 3017 aaronmk
809 3009 aaronmk
    if ignore:
810 3017 aaronmk
        # Always return something to set the correct rowcount
811
        if returning == None: returning = sql_gen.NamedCol('NULL', None)
812
813 3009 aaronmk
        embeddable = True # must use function
814 3010 aaronmk
815 3450 aaronmk
        if cols == None: row = [sql_gen.Col(sql_gen.all_cols, 'row')]
816
        else: row = [sql_gen.Col(c.name, 'row') for c in cols]
817 3092 aaronmk
818 3484 aaronmk
        query = sql_gen.RowExcIgnore(sql_gen.RowType(table), select_query,
819 3497 aaronmk
            sql_gen.ReturnQuery(mk_insert(sql_gen.Values(row).to_str(db))),
820
            cols)
821 3009 aaronmk
    else: query = mk_insert(select_query)
822
823 2070 aaronmk
    if embeddable:
824
        # Create function
825 2513 aaronmk
        function_name = sql_gen.clean_name(first_line)
826 3181 aaronmk
        if src != None: function_name = src+': '+function_name
827 2189 aaronmk
        while True:
828
            try:
829 3451 aaronmk
                func = db.TempFunction(function_name)
830 3489 aaronmk
                def_ = sql_gen.FunctionDef(func, sql_gen.SetOf(return_type),
831
                    query)
832 2194 aaronmk
833 3443 aaronmk
                run_query(db, def_.to_str(db), recover=True, cacheable=True,
834 2945 aaronmk
                    log_ignore_excs=(DuplicateException,))
835 2189 aaronmk
                break # this version was successful
836 2945 aaronmk
            except DuplicateException, e:
837 2189 aaronmk
                function_name = next_version(function_name)
838
                # try again with next version of name
839 2070 aaronmk
840 2337 aaronmk
        # Return query that uses function
841 3009 aaronmk
        cols = None
842
        if returning != None: cols = [returning]
843 3451 aaronmk
        func_table = sql_gen.NamedTable('f', sql_gen.FunctionCall(func), cols)
844
            # AS clause requires function alias
845 3298 aaronmk
        return mk_select(db, func_table, order_by=None)
846 2070 aaronmk
847 2787 aaronmk
    return query
848 2066 aaronmk
849 3074 aaronmk
def insert_select(db, table, *args, **kw_args):
850 2085 aaronmk
    '''For params, see mk_insert_select() and run_query_into()
851 2386 aaronmk
    @param into sql_gen.Table with suggested name of temp table to put RETURNING
852
        values in
853 2072 aaronmk
    '''
854 3141 aaronmk
    returning = kw_args.get('returning', None)
855
    ignore = kw_args.get('ignore', False)
856
857 2386 aaronmk
    into = kw_args.pop('into', None)
858
    if into != None: kw_args['embeddable'] = True
859 2066 aaronmk
    recover = kw_args.pop('recover', None)
860 3141 aaronmk
    if ignore: recover = True
861 2066 aaronmk
    cacheable = kw_args.pop('cacheable', True)
862 2673 aaronmk
    log_level = kw_args.pop('log_level', 2)
863 2066 aaronmk
864 3141 aaronmk
    rowcount_only = ignore and returning == None # keep NULL rows on server
865
    if rowcount_only: into = sql_gen.Table('rowcount')
866
867 3074 aaronmk
    cur = run_query_into(db, mk_insert_select(db, table, *args, **kw_args),
868
        into, recover=recover, cacheable=cacheable, log_level=log_level)
869 3141 aaronmk
    if rowcount_only: empty_temp(db, into)
870 3074 aaronmk
    autoanalyze(db, table)
871
    return cur
872 2063 aaronmk
873 2738 aaronmk
default = sql_gen.default # tells insert() to use the default value for a column
874 2066 aaronmk
875 2063 aaronmk
def insert(db, table, row, *args, **kw_args):
876 2085 aaronmk
    '''For params, see insert_select()'''
877 5050 aaronmk
    ignore = kw_args.pop('ignore', False)
878 5094 aaronmk
    if ignore: kw_args.setdefault('recover', True)
879 5050 aaronmk
880 1960 aaronmk
    if lists.is_seq(row): cols = None
881
    else:
882
        cols = row.keys()
883
        row = row.values()
884 2738 aaronmk
    row = list(row) # ensure that "== []" works
885 1960 aaronmk
886 2738 aaronmk
    if row == []: query = None
887
    else: query = sql_gen.Values(row).to_str(db)
888 1961 aaronmk
889 5050 aaronmk
    try: return insert_select(db, table, cols, query, *args, **kw_args)
890 5057 aaronmk
    except (DuplicateKeyException, NullValueException):
891 5050 aaronmk
        if not ignore: raise
892 5163 aaronmk
        return None
893 11 aaronmk
894 3152 aaronmk
def mk_update(db, table, changes=None, cond=None, in_place=False,
895 3153 aaronmk
    cacheable_=True):
896 2402 aaronmk
    '''
897
    @param changes [(col, new_value),...]
898
        * container can be any iterable type
899
        * col: sql_gen.Code|str (for col name)
900
        * new_value: sql_gen.Code|literal value
901
    @param cond sql_gen.Code WHERE condition. e.g. use sql_gen.*Cond objects.
902 3056 aaronmk
    @param in_place If set, locks the table and updates rows in place.
903
        This avoids creating dead rows in PostgreSQL.
904
        * cond must be None
905 3153 aaronmk
    @param cacheable_ Whether column structure information used to generate the
906 3152 aaronmk
        query can be cached
907 2402 aaronmk
    @return str query
908
    '''
909 3057 aaronmk
    table = sql_gen.as_Table(table)
910
    changes = [(sql_gen.to_name_only_col(c, table), sql_gen.as_Value(v))
911
        for c, v in changes]
912
913 3056 aaronmk
    if in_place:
914
        assert cond == None
915 3058 aaronmk
916 5398 aaronmk
        def col_type(col):
917
            return sql_gen.canon_type(db.col_info(
918
                sql_gen.with_default_table(c, table), cacheable_).type)
919
        changes = [(c, v, col_type(c)) for c, v in changes]
920 3065 aaronmk
        query = 'ALTER TABLE '+table.to_str(db)+'\n'
921 5396 aaronmk
        query += ',\n'.join(('ALTER COLUMN '+c.to_str(db)+' TYPE '+t+'\nUSING '
922
            +v.to_str(db) for c, v, t in changes))
923 3058 aaronmk
    else:
924
        query = 'UPDATE '+table.to_str(db)+'\nSET\n'
925
        query += ',\n'.join((c.to_str(db)+' = '+v.to_str(db)
926
            for c, v in changes))
927
        if cond != None: query += '\nWHERE\n'+cond.to_str(db)
928 3056 aaronmk
929 3266 aaronmk
    query = with_explain_comment(db, query)
930
931 2402 aaronmk
    return query
932
933 3074 aaronmk
def update(db, table, *args, **kw_args):
934 2402 aaronmk
    '''For params, see mk_update() and run_query()'''
935
    recover = kw_args.pop('recover', None)
936 3043 aaronmk
    cacheable = kw_args.pop('cacheable', False)
937 3030 aaronmk
    log_level = kw_args.pop('log_level', 2)
938 2402 aaronmk
939 3074 aaronmk
    cur = run_query(db, mk_update(db, table, *args, **kw_args), recover,
940
        cacheable, log_level=log_level)
941
    autoanalyze(db, table)
942
    return cur
943 2402 aaronmk
944 3286 aaronmk
def mk_delete(db, table, cond=None):
945
    '''
946
    @param cond sql_gen.Code WHERE condition. e.g. use sql_gen.*Cond objects.
947
    @return str query
948
    '''
949
    query = 'DELETE FROM '+table.to_str(db)
950
    if cond != None: query += '\nWHERE '+cond.to_str(db)
951
952
    query = with_explain_comment(db, query)
953
954
    return query
955
956
def delete(db, table, *args, **kw_args):
957
    '''For params, see mk_delete() and run_query()'''
958
    recover = kw_args.pop('recover', None)
959 3295 aaronmk
    cacheable = kw_args.pop('cacheable', True)
960 3286 aaronmk
    log_level = kw_args.pop('log_level', 2)
961
962
    cur = run_query(db, mk_delete(db, table, *args, **kw_args), recover,
963
        cacheable, log_level=log_level)
964
    autoanalyze(db, table)
965
    return cur
966
967 135 aaronmk
def last_insert_id(db):
968 1849 aaronmk
    module = util.root_module(db.db)
969 135 aaronmk
    if module == 'psycopg2': return value(run_query(db, 'SELECT lastval()'))
970
    elif module == 'MySQLdb': return db.insert_id()
971
    else: return None
972 13 aaronmk
973 3490 aaronmk
def define_func(db, def_):
974
    func = def_.function
975
    while True:
976
        try:
977
            run_query(db, def_.to_str(db), recover=True, cacheable=True,
978
                log_ignore_excs=(DuplicateException,))
979
            break # successful
980
        except DuplicateException:
981 3495 aaronmk
            func.name = next_version(func.name)
982 3490 aaronmk
            # try again with next version of name
983
984 2394 aaronmk
def mk_flatten_mapping(db, into, cols, preserve=[], as_items=False):
985 2383 aaronmk
    '''Creates a mapping from original column names (which may have collisions)
986 2415 aaronmk
    to names that will be distinct among the columns' tables.
987 2383 aaronmk
    This is meant to be used for several tables that are being joined together.
988 2415 aaronmk
    @param cols The columns to combine. Duplicates will be removed.
989
    @param into The table for the new columns.
990 2394 aaronmk
    @param preserve [sql_gen.Col...] Columns not to rename. Note that these
991
        columns will be included in the mapping even if they are not in cols.
992
        The tables of the provided Col objects will be changed to into, so make
993
        copies of them if you want to keep the original tables.
994
    @param as_items Whether to return a list of dict items instead of a dict
995 2383 aaronmk
    @return dict(orig_col=new_col, ...)
996
        * orig_col: sql_gen.Col(orig_col_name, orig_table)
997 2392 aaronmk
        * new_col: sql_gen.Col(orig_col_name, into)
998
        * All mappings use the into table so its name can easily be
999 2383 aaronmk
          changed for all columns at once
1000
    '''
1001 2415 aaronmk
    cols = lists.uniqify(cols)
1002
1003 2394 aaronmk
    items = []
1004 2389 aaronmk
    for col in preserve:
1005 2390 aaronmk
        orig_col = copy.copy(col)
1006 2392 aaronmk
        col.table = into
1007 2394 aaronmk
        items.append((orig_col, col))
1008
    preserve = set(preserve)
1009
    for col in cols:
1010 2716 aaronmk
        if col not in preserve:
1011 3750 aaronmk
            items.append((col, sql_gen.Col(strings.ustr(col), into, col.srcs)))
1012 2394 aaronmk
1013
    if not as_items: items = dict(items)
1014
    return items
1015 2383 aaronmk
1016 2393 aaronmk
def flatten(db, into, joins, cols, limit=None, start=None, **kw_args):
1017 2391 aaronmk
    '''For params, see mk_flatten_mapping()
1018
    @return See return value of mk_flatten_mapping()
1019
    '''
1020 2394 aaronmk
    items = mk_flatten_mapping(db, into, cols, as_items=True, **kw_args)
1021
    cols = [sql_gen.NamedCol(new.name, old) for old, new in items]
1022 5523 aaronmk
    run_query_into(db, mk_select(db, joins, cols, limit=limit, start=start),
1023
        into=into, add_pkey_=True)
1024 3708 aaronmk
        # don't cache because the temp table will usually be truncated after use
1025 2394 aaronmk
    return dict(items)
1026 2391 aaronmk
1027 3079 aaronmk
##### Database structure introspection
1028 2414 aaronmk
1029 3079 aaronmk
#### Tables
1030
1031 4555 aaronmk
def tables(db, schema_like='public', table_like='%', exact=False,
1032
    cacheable=True):
1033 3079 aaronmk
    if exact: compare = '='
1034
    else: compare = 'LIKE'
1035
1036
    module = util.root_module(db.db)
1037
    if module == 'psycopg2':
1038
        conds = [('schemaname', sql_gen.CompareCond(schema_like, compare)),
1039
            ('tablename', sql_gen.CompareCond(table_like, compare))]
1040
        return values(select(db, 'pg_tables', ['tablename'], conds,
1041 4555 aaronmk
            order_by='tablename', cacheable=cacheable, log_level=4))
1042 3079 aaronmk
    elif module == 'MySQLdb':
1043
        return values(run_query(db, 'SHOW TABLES LIKE '+db.esc_value(table_like)
1044
            , cacheable=True, log_level=4))
1045
    else: raise NotImplementedError("Can't list tables for "+module+' database')
1046
1047 4556 aaronmk
def table_exists(db, table, cacheable=True):
1048 3079 aaronmk
    table = sql_gen.as_Table(table)
1049 4556 aaronmk
    return list(tables(db, table.schema, table.name, True, cacheable)) != []
1050 3079 aaronmk
1051 2426 aaronmk
def table_row_count(db, table, recover=None):
1052 2786 aaronmk
    return value(run_query(db, mk_select(db, table, [sql_gen.row_count],
1053 3298 aaronmk
        order_by=None), recover=recover, log_level=3))
1054 2426 aaronmk
1055 5337 aaronmk
def table_col_names(db, table, recover=None):
1056 5528 aaronmk
    return list(col_names(select(db, table, limit=0, recover=recover,
1057
        log_level=4)))
1058 2414 aaronmk
1059 5383 aaronmk
def table_cols(db, table, *args, **kw_args):
1060
    return [sql_gen.as_Col(strings.ustr(c), table)
1061
        for c in table_col_names(db, table, *args, **kw_args)]
1062
1063 5521 aaronmk
def table_pkey_index(db, table, recover=None):
1064
    table_str = sql_gen.Literal(table.to_str(db))
1065
    try:
1066
        return sql_gen.Table(value(run_query(db, '''\
1067
SELECT relname
1068
FROM pg_index
1069
JOIN pg_class index ON index.oid = indexrelid
1070
WHERE
1071
indrelid = '''+table_str.to_str(db)+'''::regclass
1072
AND indisprimary
1073
'''
1074
            , recover, cacheable=True, log_level=4)), table.schema)
1075
    except StopIteration: raise DoesNotExistException('primary key', '')
1076
1077 5389 aaronmk
def table_pkey_col(db, table, recover=None):
1078 5061 aaronmk
    table = sql_gen.as_Table(table)
1079
1080
    join_cols = ['table_schema', 'table_name', 'constraint_schema',
1081
        'constraint_name']
1082
    tables = [sql_gen.Table('key_column_usage', 'information_schema'),
1083
        sql_gen.Join(sql_gen.Table('table_constraints', 'information_schema'),
1084
            dict(((c, sql_gen.join_same_not_null) for c in join_cols)))]
1085
    cols = [sql_gen.Col('column_name')]
1086
1087
    conds = [('constraint_type', 'PRIMARY KEY'), ('table_name', table.name)]
1088
    schema = table.schema
1089
    if schema != None: conds.append(('table_schema', schema))
1090
    order_by = 'position_in_unique_constraint'
1091
1092 5393 aaronmk
    try: return sql_gen.Col(value(select(db, tables, cols, conds,
1093
        order_by=order_by, limit=1, log_level=4)), table)
1094
    except StopIteration: raise DoesNotExistException('primary key', '')
1095 5389 aaronmk
1096
def pkey_name(db, table, recover=None):
1097
    '''If no pkey, returns the first column in the table.'''
1098 5392 aaronmk
    return pkey_col(db, table, recover).name
1099 832 aaronmk
1100 5390 aaronmk
def pkey_col(db, table, recover=None):
1101 5391 aaronmk
    '''If no pkey, returns the first column in the table.'''
1102 5392 aaronmk
    try: return table_pkey_col(db, table, recover)
1103 5393 aaronmk
    except DoesNotExistException: return table_cols(db, table, recover)[0]
1104 5128 aaronmk
1105 2559 aaronmk
not_null_col = 'not_null_col'
1106 2340 aaronmk
1107
def table_not_null_col(db, table, recover=None):
1108
    '''Name assumed to be the value of not_null_col. If not found, uses pkey.'''
1109 5337 aaronmk
    if not_null_col in table_col_names(db, table, recover): return not_null_col
1110 5388 aaronmk
    else: return pkey_name(db, table, recover)
1111 2340 aaronmk
1112 3348 aaronmk
def constraint_cond(db, constraint):
1113
    module = util.root_module(db.db)
1114
    if module == 'psycopg2':
1115
        table_str = sql_gen.Literal(constraint.table.to_str(db))
1116
        name_str = sql_gen.Literal(constraint.name)
1117
        return value(run_query(db, '''\
1118
SELECT consrc
1119
FROM pg_constraint
1120
WHERE
1121
conrelid = '''+table_str.to_str(db)+'''::regclass
1122
AND conname = '''+name_str.to_str(db)+'''
1123
'''
1124
            , cacheable=True, log_level=4))
1125 5443 aaronmk
    else: raise NotImplementedError("Can't get constraint condition for "
1126
        +module+' database')
1127 3348 aaronmk
1128 5520 aaronmk
def index_exprs(db, index):
1129 3322 aaronmk
    index = sql_gen.as_Table(index)
1130 1909 aaronmk
    module = util.root_module(db.db)
1131
    if module == 'psycopg2':
1132 3322 aaronmk
        qual_index = sql_gen.Literal(index.to_str(db))
1133 5520 aaronmk
        return list(values(run_query(db, '''\
1134 3322 aaronmk
SELECT pg_get_indexdef(indexrelid, generate_series(1, indnatts), true)
1135
FROM pg_index
1136
WHERE indexrelid = '''+qual_index.to_str(db)+'''::regclass
1137 2782 aaronmk
'''
1138
            , cacheable=True, log_level=4)))
1139 5520 aaronmk
    else: raise NotImplementedError()
1140 853 aaronmk
1141 5520 aaronmk
def index_cols(db, index):
1142
    '''Can also use this for UNIQUE constraints, because a UNIQUE index is
1143
    automatically created. When you don't know whether something is a UNIQUE
1144
    constraint or a UNIQUE index, use this function.'''
1145
    return map(sql_gen.parse_expr_col, index_exprs(db, index))
1146
1147 5445 aaronmk
def index_cond(db, index):
1148
    index = sql_gen.as_Table(index)
1149
    module = util.root_module(db.db)
1150
    if module == 'psycopg2':
1151
        qual_index = sql_gen.Literal(index.to_str(db))
1152
        return value(run_query(db, '''\
1153
SELECT pg_get_expr(indpred, indrelid, true)
1154
FROM pg_index
1155
WHERE indexrelid = '''+qual_index.to_str(db)+'''::regclass
1156
'''
1157
            , cacheable=True, log_level=4))
1158
    else: raise NotImplementedError()
1159
1160 5521 aaronmk
def index_order_by(db, index):
1161
    return sql_gen.CustomCode(', '.join(index_exprs(db, index)))
1162
1163
def table_cluster_on(db, table, recover=None):
1164
    '''
1165
    @return The table's cluster index, or its pkey if none is set
1166
    '''
1167
    table_str = sql_gen.Literal(table.to_str(db))
1168
    try:
1169
        return sql_gen.Table(value(run_query(db, '''\
1170
SELECT relname
1171
FROM pg_index
1172
JOIN pg_class index ON index.oid = indexrelid
1173
WHERE
1174
indrelid = '''+table_str.to_str(db)+'''::regclass
1175
AND indisclustered
1176
'''
1177
            , recover, cacheable=True, log_level=4)), table.schema)
1178
    except StopIteration: return table_pkey_index(db, table, recover)
1179
1180
def table_order_by(db, table, recover=None):
1181 5525 aaronmk
    if table.order_by == None:
1182
        try: table.order_by = index_order_by(db, table_cluster_on(db, table,
1183
            recover))
1184
        except DoesNotExistException: pass
1185
    return table.order_by
1186 5521 aaronmk
1187 3079 aaronmk
#### Functions
1188
1189
def function_exists(db, function):
1190 3423 aaronmk
    qual_function = sql_gen.Literal(function.to_str(db))
1191
    try:
1192 3425 aaronmk
        select(db, fields=[sql_gen.Cast('regproc', qual_function)],
1193
            recover=True, cacheable=True, log_level=4)
1194 3423 aaronmk
    except DoesNotExistException: return False
1195 4146 aaronmk
    except DuplicateException: return True # overloaded function
1196 3423 aaronmk
    else: return True
1197 3079 aaronmk
1198
##### Structural changes
1199
1200
#### Columns
1201
1202 5020 aaronmk
def add_col(db, table, col, comment=None, if_not_exists=False, **kw_args):
1203 3079 aaronmk
    '''
1204
    @param col TypedCol Name may be versioned, so be sure to propagate any
1205
        renaming back to any source column for the TypedCol.
1206
    @param comment None|str SQL comment used to distinguish columns of the same
1207
        name from each other when they contain different data, to allow the
1208
        ADD COLUMN query to be cached. If not set, query will not be cached.
1209
    '''
1210
    assert isinstance(col, sql_gen.TypedCol)
1211
1212
    while True:
1213
        str_ = 'ALTER TABLE '+table.to_str(db)+' ADD COLUMN '+col.to_str(db)
1214
        if comment != None: str_ += ' '+sql_gen.esc_comment(comment)
1215
1216
        try:
1217
            run_query(db, str_, recover=True, cacheable=True, **kw_args)
1218
            break
1219
        except DuplicateException:
1220 5020 aaronmk
            if if_not_exists: raise
1221 3079 aaronmk
            col.name = next_version(col.name)
1222
            # try again with next version of name
1223
1224
def add_not_null(db, col):
1225
    table = col.table
1226
    col = sql_gen.to_name_only_col(col)
1227
    run_query(db, 'ALTER TABLE '+table.to_str(db)+' ALTER COLUMN '
1228
        +col.to_str(db)+' SET NOT NULL', cacheable=True, log_level=3)
1229
1230 4443 aaronmk
def drop_not_null(db, col):
1231
    table = col.table
1232
    col = sql_gen.to_name_only_col(col)
1233
    run_query(db, 'ALTER TABLE '+table.to_str(db)+' ALTER COLUMN '
1234
        +col.to_str(db)+' DROP NOT NULL', cacheable=True, log_level=3)
1235
1236 2096 aaronmk
row_num_col = '_row_num'
1237
1238 4997 aaronmk
row_num_col_def = sql_gen.TypedCol('', 'serial', nullable=False,
1239 3079 aaronmk
    constraints='PRIMARY KEY')
1240
1241 4997 aaronmk
def add_row_num(db, table, name=row_num_col):
1242
    '''Adds a row number column to a table. Its definition is in
1243
    row_num_col_def. It will be the primary key.'''
1244
    col_def = copy.copy(row_num_col_def)
1245
    col_def.name = name
1246 5021 aaronmk
    add_col(db, table, col_def, comment='', if_not_exists=True, log_level=3)
1247 3079 aaronmk
1248
#### Indexes
1249
1250
def add_pkey(db, table, cols=None, recover=None):
1251
    '''Adds a primary key.
1252
    @param cols [sql_gen.Col,...] The columns in the primary key.
1253
        Defaults to the first column in the table.
1254
    @pre The table must not already have a primary key.
1255
    '''
1256
    table = sql_gen.as_Table(table)
1257 5388 aaronmk
    if cols == None: cols = [pkey_name(db, table, recover)]
1258 3079 aaronmk
    col_strs = [sql_gen.to_name_only_col(v).to_str(db) for v in cols]
1259
1260
    run_query(db, 'ALTER TABLE '+table.to_str(db)+' ADD PRIMARY KEY ('
1261
        +(', '.join(col_strs))+')', recover=True, cacheable=True, log_level=3,
1262
        log_ignore_excs=(DuplicateException,))
1263
1264 2998 aaronmk
def add_index(db, exprs, table=None, unique=False, ensure_not_null_=True):
1265 2688 aaronmk
    '''Adds an index on column(s) or expression(s) if it doesn't already exist.
1266 3356 aaronmk
    Currently, only function calls and literal values are supported expressions.
1267 2998 aaronmk
    @param ensure_not_null_ If set, translates NULL values to sentinel values.
1268 2847 aaronmk
        This allows indexes to be used for comparisons where NULLs are equal.
1269 2538 aaronmk
    '''
1270 2964 aaronmk
    exprs = lists.mk_seq(exprs)
1271 2538 aaronmk
1272 2688 aaronmk
    # Parse exprs
1273
    old_exprs = exprs[:]
1274
    exprs = []
1275
    cols = []
1276
    for i, expr in enumerate(old_exprs):
1277 2823 aaronmk
        expr = sql_gen.as_Col(expr, table)
1278 2688 aaronmk
1279 2823 aaronmk
        # Handle nullable columns
1280 2998 aaronmk
        if ensure_not_null_:
1281 3164 aaronmk
            try: expr = sql_gen.ensure_not_null(db, expr)
1282 2860 aaronmk
            except KeyError: pass # unknown type, so just create plain index
1283 2823 aaronmk
1284 2688 aaronmk
        # Extract col
1285 3002 aaronmk
        expr = copy.deepcopy(expr) # don't modify input!
1286 3356 aaronmk
        col = expr
1287
        if isinstance(expr, sql_gen.FunctionCall): col = expr.args[0]
1288
        expr = sql_gen.cast_literal(expr)
1289
        if not isinstance(expr, (sql_gen.Expr, sql_gen.Col)):
1290 2688 aaronmk
            expr = sql_gen.Expr(expr)
1291 3356 aaronmk
1292 2688 aaronmk
1293
        # Extract table
1294
        if table == None:
1295
            assert sql_gen.is_table_col(col)
1296
            table = col.table
1297
1298 3356 aaronmk
        if isinstance(col, sql_gen.Col): col.table = None
1299 2688 aaronmk
1300
        exprs.append(expr)
1301
        cols.append(col)
1302 2408 aaronmk
1303 2688 aaronmk
    table = sql_gen.as_Table(table)
1304
1305 3005 aaronmk
    # Add index
1306 3148 aaronmk
    str_ = 'CREATE'
1307
    if unique: str_ += ' UNIQUE'
1308
    str_ += ' INDEX ON '+table.to_str(db)+' ('+(
1309
        ', '.join((v.to_str(db) for v in exprs)))+')'
1310
    run_query(db, str_, recover=True, cacheable=True, log_level=3)
1311 2408 aaronmk
1312 3083 aaronmk
already_indexed = object() # tells add_indexes() the pkey has already been added
1313
1314
def add_indexes(db, table, has_pkey=True):
1315
    '''Adds an index on all columns in a table.
1316
    @param has_pkey bool|already_indexed Whether a pkey instead of a regular
1317
        index should be added on the first column.
1318
        * If already_indexed, the pkey is assumed to have already been added
1319
    '''
1320 5337 aaronmk
    cols = table_col_names(db, table)
1321 3083 aaronmk
    if has_pkey:
1322
        if has_pkey is not already_indexed: add_pkey(db, table)
1323
        cols = cols[1:]
1324
    for col in cols: add_index(db, col, table)
1325
1326 3079 aaronmk
#### Tables
1327 2772 aaronmk
1328 3079 aaronmk
### Maintenance
1329 2772 aaronmk
1330 3079 aaronmk
def analyze(db, table):
1331
    table = sql_gen.as_Table(table)
1332
    run_query(db, 'ANALYZE '+table.to_str(db), log_level=3)
1333 2934 aaronmk
1334 3079 aaronmk
def autoanalyze(db, table):
1335
    if db.autoanalyze: analyze(db, table)
1336 2935 aaronmk
1337 3079 aaronmk
def vacuum(db, table):
1338
    table = sql_gen.as_Table(table)
1339
    db.with_autocommit(lambda: run_query(db, 'VACUUM ANALYZE '+table.to_str(db),
1340
        log_level=3))
1341 2086 aaronmk
1342 3079 aaronmk
### Lifecycle
1343
1344 3247 aaronmk
def drop(db, type_, name):
1345
    name = sql_gen.as_Name(name)
1346
    run_query(db, 'DROP '+type_+' IF EXISTS '+name.to_str(db)+' CASCADE')
1347 2889 aaronmk
1348 3247 aaronmk
def drop_table(db, table): drop(db, 'TABLE', table)
1349
1350 3082 aaronmk
def create_table(db, table, cols=[], has_pkey=True, col_indexes=True,
1351
    like=None):
1352 2675 aaronmk
    '''Creates a table.
1353 2681 aaronmk
    @param cols [sql_gen.TypedCol,...] The column names and types
1354
    @param has_pkey If set, the first column becomes the primary key.
1355 2760 aaronmk
    @param col_indexes bool|[ref]
1356
        * If True, indexes will be added on all non-pkey columns.
1357
        * If a list reference, [0] will be set to a function to do this.
1358
          This can be used to delay index creation until the table is populated.
1359 2675 aaronmk
    '''
1360
    table = sql_gen.as_Table(table)
1361
1362 3082 aaronmk
    if like != None:
1363
        cols = [sql_gen.CustomCode('LIKE '+like.to_str(db)+' INCLUDING ALL')
1364
            ]+cols
1365 5525 aaronmk
        table.order_by = like.order_by
1366 2681 aaronmk
    if has_pkey:
1367
        cols[0] = pkey = copy.copy(cols[0]) # don't modify input!
1368 2872 aaronmk
        pkey.constraints = 'PRIMARY KEY'
1369 2681 aaronmk
1370 3085 aaronmk
    temp = table.is_temp and not db.debug_temp
1371
        # temp tables permanent in debug_temp mode
1372 2760 aaronmk
1373 3085 aaronmk
    # Create table
1374 3383 aaronmk
    def create():
1375 3085 aaronmk
        str_ = 'CREATE'
1376
        if temp: str_ += ' TEMP'
1377
        str_ += ' TABLE '+table.to_str(db)+' (\n'
1378
        str_ += '\n, '.join(c.to_str(db) for c in cols)
1379 3126 aaronmk
        str_ += '\n);'
1380 3085 aaronmk
1381 3383 aaronmk
        run_query(db, str_, recover=True, cacheable=True, log_level=2,
1382
            log_ignore_excs=(DuplicateException,))
1383
    if table.is_temp:
1384
        while True:
1385
            try:
1386
                create()
1387
                break
1388
            except DuplicateException:
1389
                table.name = next_version(table.name)
1390
                # try again with next version of name
1391
    else: create()
1392 3085 aaronmk
1393 2760 aaronmk
    # Add indexes
1394 2773 aaronmk
    if has_pkey: has_pkey = already_indexed
1395
    def add_indexes_(): add_indexes(db, table, has_pkey)
1396
    if isinstance(col_indexes, list): col_indexes[0] = add_indexes_ # defer
1397
    elif col_indexes: add_indexes_() # add now
1398 2675 aaronmk
1399 3084 aaronmk
def copy_table_struct(db, src, dest):
1400
    '''Creates a structure-only copy of a table. (Does not copy data.)'''
1401 3085 aaronmk
    create_table(db, dest, has_pkey=False, col_indexes=False, like=src)
1402 3084 aaronmk
1403 5529 aaronmk
def copy_table(db, src, dest):
1404
    '''Creates a copy of a table, including data'''
1405
    copy_table_struct(db, src, dest)
1406
    insert_select(db, dest, None, mk_select(db, src))
1407
1408 3079 aaronmk
### Data
1409 2684 aaronmk
1410 2970 aaronmk
def truncate(db, table, schema='public', **kw_args):
1411
    '''For params, see run_query()'''
1412 2777 aaronmk
    table = sql_gen.as_Table(table, schema)
1413 2970 aaronmk
    return run_query(db, 'TRUNCATE '+table.to_str(db)+' CASCADE', **kw_args)
1414 2732 aaronmk
1415 2965 aaronmk
def empty_temp(db, tables):
1416
    tables = lists.mk_seq(tables)
1417 2971 aaronmk
    for table in tables: truncate(db, table, log_level=3)
1418 2965 aaronmk
1419 1968 aaronmk
def empty_db(db, schema='public', **kw_args):
1420
    '''For kw_args, see tables()'''
1421
    for table in tables(db, schema, **kw_args): truncate(db, table, schema)
1422 3094 aaronmk
1423
def distinct_table(db, table, distinct_on):
1424
    '''Creates a copy of a temp table which is distinct on the given columns.
1425 3099 aaronmk
    The old and new tables will both get an index on these columns, to
1426
    facilitate merge joins.
1427 3097 aaronmk
    @param distinct_on If empty, creates a table with one row. This is useful if
1428
        your distinct_on columns are all literal values.
1429 3099 aaronmk
    @return The new table.
1430 3094 aaronmk
    '''
1431 3099 aaronmk
    new_table = sql_gen.suffixed_table(table, '_distinct')
1432 3411 aaronmk
    distinct_on = filter(sql_gen.is_table_col, distinct_on)
1433 3094 aaronmk
1434 3099 aaronmk
    copy_table_struct(db, table, new_table)
1435 3097 aaronmk
1436
    limit = None
1437
    if distinct_on == []: limit = 1 # one sample row
1438 3099 aaronmk
    else:
1439
        add_index(db, distinct_on, new_table, unique=True)
1440
        add_index(db, distinct_on, table) # for join optimization
1441 3097 aaronmk
1442 3313 aaronmk
    insert_select(db, new_table, None, mk_select(db, table, order_by=None,
1443
        limit=limit), ignore=True)
1444 3099 aaronmk
    analyze(db, new_table)
1445 3094 aaronmk
1446 3099 aaronmk
    return new_table